Browsing by Author "Aguilar-Vafaie, Maria E."

Now showing 1 - 2 of 2
  • No Thumbnail Available
    Item
    The inaccuracy of national character stereotypes
    (2013) McCrae, Robert R.; Chan, Wayne; Jussim, Lee; De Fruyt, Filip; Loeckenhoff, Corinna E.; De Bolle, Marleen; Costa, Paul T., Jr.; Hrebickova, Martina; Graf, Sylvie; Realo, Anu; Allik, Jueri; Nakazato, Katsuharu; Shimonaka, Yoshiko; Yik, Michelle; Fickova, Emilia; Brunner-Sciarra, Marina; Reatigui, Norma; Leibovich de Figueora, Nora; Schmidt, Vanina; Ahn, Chang-Kyu; Ahn, Hyun-Nie; Aguilar-Vafaie, Maria E.; Siuta, Jerzy; Szmigielska, Barbara; Cain, Thomas R.; Crawford, Jarret T.; Mastor, Khairul Anwar; Rolland, Jean-Pierre; Nansubuga, Florence; Miramontez, Daniel R.; Benet-Martinez, Veronica; Rossier, Jerome; Bratko, Denis; Marusic, Iris; Halberstadt, Jamin; Yamaguchi, Mami; Knezevic, Goran; Puric, Danka; Martin, Thomas A.; Gheorghiu, Mirona; Smith, Peter B.; Barbaranelli, Claudio; Wang, Lei; Shakespeare-Finch, Jane; Lima, Margarida P.; Klinkosz, Waldemar; Sekowski, Andrzej; Alcalay, Lidia; Simonetti, Franco; Avdeyeva, Tatyana V.; Pramila, V. S.; Terracciano, Antonio
    Consensual stereotypes of some groups are relatively accurate, whereas others are not. Previous work suggesting that national character stereotypes are inaccurate has been criticized on several grounds. In this article we (a) provide arguments for the validity of assessed national mean trait levels as criteria for evaluating stereotype accuracy and (b) report new data on national character in 26 cultures from descriptions (N= 3323) of the typical male or female adolescent, adult, or old person in each. The average ratings were internally consistent and converged with independent stereotypes of the typical culture member, but were weakly related to objective assessments of personality. We argue that this conclusion is consistent with the broader literature on the inaccuracy of national character stereotypes. (C) 2013 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.
  • No Thumbnail Available
    Item
    The Validity and Structure of Culture-Level Personality Scores: Data From Ratings of Young Adolescents
    (2010) McCrae, Robert R.; Terracciano, Antonio; De Fruyt, Filip; De Bolle, Marleen; Gelfand, Michele J.; Costa, Paul T., Jr.; Aguilar-Vafaie, Maria E.; Ahn, Chang-kyu; Ahn, Hyun-nie; Alcalay, Lidia; Allik, Jueri; Avdeyeva, Tatyana V.; Blatny, Marek; Bratko, Denis; Brunner-Sciarra, Marina; Cain, Thomas R.; Chittcharat, Niyada; Crawford, Jarret T.; de Lima, Margarida P.; Fehr, Ryan; Fickova, Emilia; Gulgoz, Sami; Hoebiekova, Martina; Jussim, Lee; Klinkosz, Waldemar; Knezevic, Goran; de Figueroa, Nora Leibovich; Loeckenhoff, Corinna E.; Martin, Thomas A.; Marusic, Iris; Mastor, Khairul Anwar; Nakazato, Katsuharu; Nansubuga, Florence; Porrata, Jose; Puric, Danka; Realo, Anu; Reategui, Norma; Rolland, Jean-Pierre; Schmidt, Vanina; Sekowski, Andrzej; Shakespeare-Finch, Jane; Shimonaka, Yoshiko; Simonetti, Franco; Siuta, Jerzy; Szmigielska, Barbara; Vanno, Vitanya; Wang, Lei; Yik, Michelle
    We examined properties of culture-level personality traits in ratings of targets (N=5,109) ages 12 to 17 in 24 cultures. Aggregate scores were generalizable across gender, age, and relationship groups and showed convergence with culture-level scores from previous studies of self-reports and observer ratings of adults, but they were unrelated to national character stereotypes. Trait profiles also showed cross-study agreement within most cultures, 8 of which had not previously been studied. Multidimensional scaling showed that Western and non-Western cultures clustered along a dimension related to Extraversion. A culture-level factor analysis replicated earlier findings of a broad Extraversion factor but generally resembled the factor structure found in individuals. Continued analysis of aggregate personality scores is warranted.