Browsing by Author "Alvarez, Carlos"

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    Development of grammaticality and sentence complexity in monolingual Spanish-speaking children with specific language impairment: An exploratory study
    (2019) Julia Coloma, Carmen; Araya, Claudia; Quezada, Camilo; Mercedes Pavez, Maria; Alvarez, Carlos; Maggiolo, Mariangela
    This study inspects the development of grammaticality and sentence complexity in Spanish-speaking children with specific language impairment (SLI). Forty-seven children were grouped following age (4-5 and 6-7) and diagnostics (SLI and Typical Language Development, TLD). Children's oral narratives were analyzed considering grammaticality and sentence complexity. Results showed that children with SLI and TLD children follow a similar developmental pattern, both in grammaticality and sentence complexity. However, although the sentence complexity of children with SLI is similar to the sentence complexity of children with TLD, children with SLI are more ungrammatical than children with TLD. Finally, correlation between complex sentences and ungrammatical sentences was found to evolve differently when considering children with SLI and children with TLD.
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    Prevention strategies for methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) in Latin America
    (ELSEVIER BRAZIL, 2010) Alvarez, Carlos; Labarca, Jaime; Salles, Mauro; Latin Amer Working Grp Gram
    After the first reports of the emergence of methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) in the 1970s, numerous measures intended to prevent its transmission were initiated in hospitals. However, in most cases, large-scale measures failed to be implemented and the transmission of MRSA has since led to a global pandemic. Presently, doubts still remain about the best approach to prevent and control MRSA and more often than not, control measures are not implemented. Therefore, we review here the current situation in Latin America with respect to existing policies for control of MRSA, and evaluate the evidence for control measures in hospitals and the community. We look at the risk factors for infection and transmission of MRSA between hospital patients and within specific populations in the community, and at the effect of antibiotic usage on the spread of MRSA in these settings. Finally, we summarize recommendations for the prevention and control of MRSA, which can be applied to the Latin American hospital environment and community setting.
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    Prevention strategies for methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) infections in Latin America
    (SOC CHILENA INFECTOLOGIA, 2010) Alvarez, Carlos; Labarca, Jaime; Salles, Mauro; Grp Latinoamer Trab
    After the first reports of the emergence of MRSA in the 1970s, numerous measures intended to prevent its transmission were initiated in hospitals. However, in most cases, large-scale measures failed to be implemented and the transmission of MRSA has since led to a global pandemic. Presently, doubts still remain about the best approach to prevent and control M RSA and more often than not, control measures are not implemented. Therefore, we review here the current situation in Latin America with respect to existing policies for control of M RSA, and evaluate the evidence for control measures in hospitals and the community. We look at the risk factors for infection and transmission of MRSA between hospital patients and within specific populations in the community, and at the effect of antibiotic usage on the spread of MRSA in these settings. Finally, we summarize recommendations for the prevention and control of MRSA, which can be applied to the Latin American hospital environment and community setting.