Browsing by Author "Aracena, Marcela"

Now showing 1 - 4 of 4
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    A cost-effectiveness evaluation of a home visit program for adolescent mothers
    (SAGE PUBLICATIONS LTD, 2009) Aracena, Marcela; Krause, Mariane; Perez, Carola; Jesus Mendez, Maria; Salvatierra, Loreto; Soto, Mauricio; Pantoja, Tomas; Navarro, Sandra; Salinas, Alejandra; Farah, Claudio; Altimir, Carolina
    A home visit intervention program for adolescents throughout their pregnancy and during the early stages of motherhood was evaluated. The participants (N = 90) were part of a larger group of adolescents treated in two health centers in a poor neighborhood in Santiago, Chile. The program was carried out by volunteer community health monitors and evaluated through an experimental, randomized, controlled clinical trial. Cost-effectiveness was examined in comparison with standard health care. Results show higher scores for the intervention group on the mothers' mental health and nutritional state, as well as on the children's levels of linguistic development.
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    Evaluación de la efectividad de programas de visitas domiciliarias para madres adolescentes y sus hijos/as
    (2011) Aracena, Marcela; Campos, María Silvia; Cuadra, Victoria; Krause, Mariane; Leiva, Loreto; Pérez, Carola; Undurraga, Consuelo; Bedregal, Paula
    Background: Home visiting is effective for the promotion and prevention of mother-child health in other countries, especially in vulnerable populations such as pregnant teenagers. Aim: To evalúate the association between receiving a home visiting program duringpregnancy and child development during thefirstyear oflife, maternal mental health, perception of social support and school attendance. Material and Methods: Cross sectional assessment of 132 teenage mother-sibling pairs. Ofthese, 87 received home visits and 45 were randomly assigned to a control group. The assessed variables were maternal mental health, perception of social support, Ufe satisfaction, incorporation of mothers to school after delivery, child development and frequency of child abuse and neglect. Results: Mothers that received home visits had a better mental health and went back to school in a higherproportion. No significant differences between groups were observed on perception of social support or child development. Conclusions: These results suggest the effectiveness of domiciliary visits performed by non-professionals, to improve mental health and social integration of teenage mothers.
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    Reducing stigma toward mental illness and substance use issues in primary health care in Chile: Protocol of a cluster controlled trial study
    (2022) Sapag, Jaime C.; Traub, Carolina; Velasco, Paola R.; Arratia, Tamara; Alvarado, Ruben; Aracena, Marcela; Poblete, Fernando C.; Villarroel, Luis; Bravo, Paulina; Alvarez-Huenchulaf, Cinthia; Jofre Escalona, Ana; Vargas-Malebran, Nelson; Bobbili, Sireesha; Bustamante, Ines; Khenti, Akwatu; Corrigan, Patrick W.
    Background: Chile is implementing a Community Mental Health Model with a strong role of primary health care (PHC). PHC has great potential to early detection and provision of accessible and coordinated services to people who present mental illness and/or substance use issues (MISUI). However, stigma toward people with MISUI among PHC professionals is a significant barrier to accessing good quality of care. A wealth of literature supports the importance of reducing stigma for this population. The main goal of this research project is to determine the effectiveness of a comprehensive anti-stigma intervention in reducing stigmatizing attitudes and behaviors among PHC providers toward individuals with MISUI in the Chilean context, using Centros de Salud Familiar (CESFAMs) as the point of intervention. Methods: The intervention is based on an initiative that was previously developed in Canada and then also pilot-tested in Lima, Peru, with the Center for Addiction and Mental Health (Ontario, Canada). The model will be culturally adapted with CESFAM PHC provider and user inputs to be relevant and valid to Chile. The 18-month intervention includes five (5) components that are simultaneously implemented in CESFAMs: (1) Develop a Team of Local Champions in each intervention CESFAM, comprising PHC providers and users; (2) Analysis of Internal CESFAM Policies, Procedures, and Protocols to determine areas of improvement in service delivery for individuals with MISUI; (3) Raising Awareness of stigma toward MISUI using various forms of media within the CESFAM; (4) Innovative Contact-Based Education workshops on anti-stigma and recovery principles, co-lead by academic/clinical trainers and a person with lived experience of MISUI; and (5) Recovery-Based Arts, a multi-week arts workshop for PHC providers and users to produce artwork related to MISUI and recovery, culminating in an exhibition to showcase artwork for the CESFAM providers, users, and community. The expected intervention outcomes are the following: Participation in the experimental group will result in a significant decrease in stigmatizing attitudes among PHC providers toward individuals with MISUI compared with the control group as measured by the Chilean version of the Opening Minds Scale for Health Care Providers Scale (OMS-HC); Participation in the experimental group will result in a significant decrease of PHC users experiences of stigma conveyed by PHC providers compared with the control group as measured by the Internalized Stigma of Mental Illness (ISMI) scale, validated for the Chilean population. The changes in attitudes and behaviors within the experimental group will be sustained over time as measured at 6 months-follow-up. To evaluate the effectiveness of this 18-month intervention, a 4-year, two-arm, cluster-randomized controlled trial is proposed, with CESFAMs being the unit of randomization (or "cluster "). Implementation Science approach will be taken to measure relevant implementation outcomes for each component of the intervention, and through qualitative data collection with CESFAM providers and authorities. Data analysis will be carried out using SAS 9.4 (specifically, using POC MIXED and PROC GENMOD) and R 3.5. Mixed-effect modeling will used for both PHC provider and user data, which will include individuals and CESFAMs as random effects and group (intervention/control) as fixed effects.
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    Tobacco smoking in urban neighborhoods: Exploring social capital as a protective factor in Santiago, Chile
    (OXFORD UNIV PRESS, 2010) Sapag, Jaime C.; Poblete, Fernando C.; Eicher, Caitlin; Aracena, Marcela; Caneo, Constanza; Vera, Gloria; Martinez, Mayra; Hoyos, Rodrigo; Villarroel, Luis; Bradford, Elizabeth
    Research examining the relationship between social capital and health in Latin America has been limited. The aim of this study is to evaluate the association between social capital and tobacco use in four low-income neighborhoods in Santiago, Chile.