Browsing by Author "Aranda M."

Now showing 1 - 5 of 5
  • Thumbnail Image
    Item
    Anthocyanins from aristotelia chilensis prevent olanzapine-induced hepatic-lipid accumulation but not insulin resistance in skeletal muscle cells
    (MDPI, 2021) Del Campo A.; Salamanca C.; Fajardo A.; Bustos C.; Calfio C.; Acuna-Castillo C.; Rojo L.E.; Del Campo A.; Diaz-Castro F.; Troncoso R.; Troncoso R.; Pastene-Navarrete E.R.; Milla L.A.; Villarroel C.A.; Cubillos F.A.; Villarroel C.A.; Cubillos F.A.; Aranda M.
    © 2021 by the authors. Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland.Type 2 diabetes and obesity are major problems worldwide and dietary polyphenols have shown efficacy to ameliorate signs of these diseases. Anthocyanins from berries display potent antioxidants and protect against weight gain and insulin resistance in different models of diet-induced metabolic syndrome. Olanzapine is known to induce an accelerated form of metabolic syndrome. Due to the aforementioned, we evaluated whether delphinidin-3,5-O-diglucoside (DG) and delphinidin-3-O-sambubioside-5-O-glucoside (DS), two potent antidiabetic anthocyanins isolated from Aristotelia chilensis fruit, could prevent olanzapine-induced steatosis and insulin resistance in liver and skeletal muscle cells, respectively. HepG2 liver cells and L6 skeletal muscle cells were co-incubated with DG 50 µg/mL or DS 50 µg/mL plus olanzapine 50 µg/mL. Lipid accumulation was determined in HepG2 cells while the expression of p-Akt as a key regulator of the insulin-activated signaling pathways, mitochondrial function, and glucose uptake was assessed in L6 cells. DS and DG prevented olanzapine-induced lipid accumulation in liver cells. However, insulin signaling impairment induced by olanzapine in L6 cells was not rescued by DS and DG. Thus, anthocyanins modulate lipid metabolism, which is a relevant factor in hepatic tissue, but do not significantly influence skeletal muscle, where a potent antioxidant effect of olanzapine was found.
  • Thumbnail Image
    Item
    Multivariable optimization of ultrasound-assisted extraction for the determination of phenolic and antioxidants compounds from arrayan (Luma apiculata (DC.) Burret) leaves by microplate-based methods and mass spectrometry
    (Elsevier GmbH, 2022) C.-Sandoval J.; Rodriguez A.; H.-Aedo K.; Falco I.; Sanchez G.; Fabra M.J.; L.-Rubio A.; Aranda M.
    © 2022 Elsevier GmbHThe present study reports a multivariable optimization of ultrasound-assisted extraction of phenolic compounds from arrayan leaves. The parameters ethanol percentage in extraction solvent, temperature and extraction time, and mass to solvent ratio were optimized applying full factorial and central composite designs. According to the models, the optimal extraction conditions were: 42% of ethanol, extraction time of 27 min, extraction temperature of 50ºC and a mass to solvent ratio of 1:33.4 g mL−1. Under these conditions, a total phenolic content (TPC) of 128.16 ± 1.18 and 593.64 ± 6.49 mg of gallic acid equivalent per g of dry weight (DW) were determined in raw extract (RE) and polyphenols-rich extract (PRE), which was obtained by semi-preparative chromatography on XAD-7 column. Antioxidant capacity determined via FRAP analysis showed values of 1349.53 ± 28.99 and 6175.47 ± 127.64 µmol Trolox equivalent per g of DW for RE and PRE, and DPPH IC50 values of 831.40 ± 0.80 and 132.21 ± 2.51 µg mL−1, respectively. Polyphenols profile analyzed by liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry showed the presence of quercetin 3-ß-D-glucoside, myricetin, quercetin, kaempferol 3-glucoside and gallic acid; the latter compounds are reported for the first time in arrayan leaves. Due to the presence of polyphenols, antiviral activity was assayed over norovirus and hepatitis A showing a significant dose-dependent effect.
  • Thumbnail Image
    Item
    Preliminary study of novel autochthonous starter culture for red wine production with reduced biogenic amine content
    (John Wiley and Sons Inc, 2022) Rubilar G.; Henriquez-Aedo K.; Spano G.; Aqueveque P.; Aranda M.
    © 2022 Wiley Periodicals LLC.Most Chilean red wine is produced by spontaneous malolactic fermentation (MLF), which generates prolonged fermentations resulting in uncertain results, increase production cost, and lead to biogenic amine (BA) formation. The objective of this work was to carry out a preliminary study of an autochthonous MLF starter culture to perform shorter and controlled MLF to elaborated red wines with low BA content. The autochthonous Oenococcus oeni strain (OoB6) isolated from spontaneous MLF was assayed in bioreactors using filtered and unfiltered wines. OoB6 strain efficiently carried out MLF samples showing a similar performance to commercial starter culture. Both accomplished malic acid concentrations (<0.12 g/L) significantly lower (p <.05) than the initial content (1.21 ± 0.11 g/L). OoB6 strain produced a 50% reduction in MLF time and showed very low BA formation (ca. 5 mg/L) without detecting the presence toxicological important BA histamine and tyramine. Novelty impact statement: To the best of our knowledge, this work report for the first time a preliminary study of potential autochthonous MLF starter culture to elaborate Chilean red wines. Autochthonous MLF starter culture produced a 50% reduction in MLF time compared with traditional spontaneous MLF. Autochthonous MLF starter culture showed very low BA formation (ca. 5 mg/L) without detecting the presence toxicological important BA histamine and tyramine.
  • Thumbnail Image
    Item
    Removal of chloridazon and its metabolites from soil and soil washing water by electrochemical processes
    (Elsevier Ltd, 2022) Vidal J.; Baez M.E.; Calzadilla W.; Salazar R.; Aranda M.
    © 2022This work deals with the electro-remediation of two soils enriched with chloridazon (CLZ), an herbicide widely used in agriculture for the main control of beets and corn. It is considered relatively harmless, but its main metabolites, desphenyl-chloridazon (DPC) and methyl-desphenyl-chloridazon (Me-DPC), can be a threat to surface and groundwater resources. The electro-kinetic soil washing (EKSW) process was studied by applying direct (DP) and alternate polarity (AP) during 15 days with an electric field of 1 V cm−1 between the electrodes. The removal percentage for a clay soil was 100% and 63%, respectively. Considering that EKSW-AP did not modify the physicochemical properties of the soil, it was applied to a soil with a high organic matter, reaching 51% elimination. The retention capacity of CLZ was tested in both soils using mobility tests in columns. The washing water from the EKSW-AP process was treated by electro-oxidation in order to assess the effect of current density on the degradation of CLZ, Me-DPC, and DPC. The generation of •OH on the surface of the anode allowed a complete degradation and partial mineralization of these pollutants. The kapp for the pseudo-first order degradation of CLZ, Me-DPC, and DPC were 0.0359, 0.0329, and 0.0220 min−1, respectively. Likewise, 6 aromatic by-products were identified during electro-oxidation, and the evolution of 4 carboxylic acids and 3 inorganic ions was followed. The results showed that the application of both coupled stages would allow the removal of CLZ from the soil and the washing water.
  • Thumbnail Image
    Item
    Water-sediment partitioning of flumequine and florfenicol, two antibiotics used in salmon aquaculture in Chile
    (Elsevier Ltd, 2022) Jara B.; Srain B.M.; Fernandez C.; Pantoja-Gutierrez S.; Mejanelle L.; Aranda M.
    © 2022The water-sediment partitioning of flumequine and florfenicol, two antibiotics used in salmon aquaculture is a critical driver of their fate and environmental impact. Batch experiments, were carried out using pure water or seawater, with or without sediment, and at summer and winter temperatures of Chilean fjords. Log Kd (partition between water and sediment) of florfenicol in seawater varied from 0.62 ± 0.69 to 0.67 ± 0.13, and Log KOC (partition between water and organic fraction of sediment) from 2.15± 0.29 to 2.19 ± 0.13. Difference between KOC and the octanol-water partition constant (KOW) showed that for florfenicol, adsorption onto the surface of particles was more significant than the absorption driven by hydrophobicity whilst hydrophobic absorption was a major driver of flumequine sorption. Flumequine Log Kd (0.92 ± 0.25 to 1.36 ± 0.10) and Log KOC (from 2.44 ± 0.25 to 2.89 ± 0.10) demonstrated its greater affinity than florfenicol to particles and potential accumulation into marine sediments.