Browsing by Author "Araos, Consuelo"

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    Actas Seminario Interdisciplina en la UC
    (2012) Flores, Luis; Haye, Andrés; Rebolledo, Rolando; Araos, Consuelo; Parra, Catalina de la; Rivera, Daniela; Vergara, Alejandro; San Martín, Ernesto; Min, Wonjung; Funk, regina; Onell, Roberto; Holmes, Robert; García Huidobro, Vicente; Cádiz, Rodrigo; Cuadra, Patricio de la; Sylleros, Álvaro; Hermosilla, Katherine; Vega, Patricia; Ibarra, Macarena; Ramírez, Cecilia; Bonomo, Umberto; Torres, Marisa; Tapia, Rodrigo; Cottet, Pablo; Rojas Lasch, Carolina; Haye M., Andrés
    Publicación de trabajos derivados de un seminario realizado el 14 de diciembre de 2011, patrocinado por la Vicerrectoría de Investigación, la Facultad de Ciencias Sociales y Facultad de Filosofía, con el fin de reunir y poner en diálogo diversas experiencias de interdisciplina en la universidad y así favorecer su reconocimiento como estrategia de conocimiento, reflexionar sus limitaciones y potenciar su crecimiento. Editores: Carolina Rojas y Andrés Haye. Producción y diseño: Laboratorio de Hipermedios, Facultad de Letras PUC, Pablo Chiuminatto, Rodrigo del Río. Corrección de textos: Loreto Fernández. Organización del Seminario: Carolina Rojas, Andrés Haye, Patricio Miranda, Pablo Herraz, Gabriela Rubilar.
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    Household Coping Strategies During the COVID-19 Pandemic in Chile
    (2021) Palma, Julieta; Araos, Consuelo
    Chile was severely hit by the COVID-19 pandemic. The implementation of social distancing measures strongly affected the Chilean economy: the unemployment rate grew rapidly as well as the proportion of population temporarily excluded from the labour force. This article analyses the strategies deployed by Chilean households to cope with the impact of the pandemic at the intersection with household structure and its socio-economics characteristics. Secondary data analysis from the Encuesta Social COVID-19 (COVID-19 Social Survey), carried out by the Chilean Ministry for Social Development and Families, were used to analyse the income-generating and expenditure-minimising strategies adopted by households during the early months (March to July of 2020) of the pandemic. The results show that 60.3% of households experienced a drop in family income, 70.3% indicated that they had to use at least one income-generating strategy, and 76.6% at least one expenditure-minimising strategy during the early months of the pandemic. Indebtedness and decapitalisation characterised most of the coping strategies adopted by households. While living in multigenerational households does not protect family members from declining economic well-being, older people living in one- and two-generation households were found to be least affected economically during the crisis. They were also less likely to resort to these coping strategies, insofar as their income was mainly secured from pensions. Although female-headed households did not show a greater reduction in income than male-headed households, they were more likely to adopt income-generating strategies. This article draws attention to the possible effects of decapitalisation and indebtedness on the long-term economic well-being of households with different structures, and the resulting inequalities in their capacity to recover from the effects of the pandemic. The findings suggest that having a source of family income that is not dependent on labour market flows is crucial in times of crises.
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    "I wanted to have a Christian family": Affinities Between Religiosity and Family Styles Among Catholics and Evangelicals in a Low-Income Neighborhood in Santiago
    (2023) Neckelmann, Maureen; Araos, Consuelo; Siles, Catalina
    This article explores the relationship between religiosity-as experiential and practical religious involvement-and family styles-as effective kinship expectations and configurations. We begin by identifying three gaps and one risk in the previous literature: excessive focus on (Evangelical) conversion; the paucity of comparative Catholic/Evangelical studies; the absence of an extended family and intergenerational approach; and, although to a lesser extent, a risk of conflation of the religious phenomenon. Based on ethnographic observations and interviews conducted in a low-income neighborhood in Santiago, we investigated native Catholic and Evangelical individuals and couples with similar levels of religiosity and socioeconomic status. We have observed two contrasting family styles. While among Catholics, we found a deep appreciation of intergenerational solidarity with a matrifocal bias, with a secondary importance on the marital relationship; among Evangelicals, we observed a strong conjugality and relative relegation of intergenerational relationships. We explore these results using the lens of "affinities" between religious and family spheres, close to Max Weber's classic concept of elective affinities. Evangelical religiosity produces solid boundaries with the secular world, including the influence of contextual family culture and non-nuclear kin, combined with an emphasis on individual autonomy and responsibility, which correlates with the notion of conjugality as an elective bond. Catholic religiosity is instead much more tolerant of the secular world, allowing a contextual family culture to permeate family configurations. The Catholic emphasis on Grace as an unconditional and gratuitous divine act, combined with popular devotion to Mary, reinforces the centrality of matrifocal intergenerational ties.
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    "Juntos pero no revueltos": Family residential dependence and care vulnerabilities along the life course
    (2021) Araos, Consuelo; Siles, Catalina
    In the study of family residential dependence, Latin American literature has focused on coresidence and explained its relationship with care vulnerability trajectories in terms of the survival strategies of the poor. This approach implies the hypothesis of a substitution mechanism between family and paid care. However, this represents an incomplete picture of residential dependence in this context. Based on the contributions of three theoretical approaches-residential proximity, family configurations, and life course-and data from an ethnographic study carried out in Santiago, Chile, between 2006 and 2015, we analyze the relationship between family residential dependence configurations and care among individuals belonging to professional middle- and upper-class kinship groups. First, we show that residential dependence may occur between non-coresident individuals, mainly through quasi-coresidence and recohabitation practices. This allows individuals to remain rooted in a multigenerational network of interdependence throughout the life course at all socioeconomic levels, what the interviewees in the study called the "together but not mixed" ideal. Second, although a significant part of the residential interdependence is articulated around daily intergenerational care practices, we propose an alternative explanatory model based on the redundancy hypothesis, where the family solution to care vulnerabilities is generally preferred even when non-family care alternatives are available. The relationship between family members' care needs and residential dependence mechanisms cannot be reduced to economic deficits or strategic responses. Such needs participate in a structure of care preferences linked to culturally defined kinship styles, where frequent co-presence solidarity predominates.
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    Long-term trajectories of intergenerational coresidence: Evidence of living arrangements patterns in Chile
    (SPRINGER INTERNATIONAL PUBLISHING AG, 2022) Cabib, Ignacio; Araos, Consuelo; Palma, Julieta; Yopo Diaz, Martina
    Objective This study examines long-term trajectories of intergenerational coresidence (IC) among a cohort of individuals aged 65 and 75 in Chile, focusing on their diversity, prevalence, internal dynamism, and sociodemographic characteristics. Background IC is comparatively high in Latin America and is related to both family norms and social vulnerabilities. However, empirical evidence on this topic comes mostly from cross-sectional studies using aggregated population data, which neglect the inherently dynamic nature of coresidential arrangements across the life course. Method We use representative life-history data in Santiago, Chile (N = 802), sequence analysis to reconstruct long-term trajectories, and bivariate analysis to examine their associations with sociodemographic factors. Results Our findings show that, first, IC in Chile may be more prevalent and diverse than suggested in previous cross-sectional studies. Second, our findings indicate patterns of long-term IC and stable conjugal cohabitation are compatible. Third, the results shed new light on the association of IC with particular sociodemographic groups. Conclusion This study analyzed patterns of living arrangements among family members based both on intergenerational and conjugal cohabitation and their dynamic character throughout the life course. Our results challenge interpretations of contemporary living arrangements among family members at an international level. Implications This study shows that IC in Chile has been largely underrepresented, both in magnitude and heterogeneity. This finding informs public policies about the reality of family configurations that require specific care, housing, and financial support.
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    Paternidad como participación: repensando el ausentismo paterno a partir de historias familiares en Santiago, Chile
    (2024) Siles Valenzuela, Catalina; Araos, Consuelo; Maldonado Navarro, Luis Edgardo; Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile. Instituto de Sociología