Browsing by Author "Arróspide, Felipe"
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- ItemEarthquake response sensitivity of complex infrastructure networks(2020) Llera Martin, Juan Carlos de la; Monsalve, Mauricio; Ferrario, Elisa; Allen, E.; Chamorro, A.; Castro, S.; Alberto, Yolanda; Arróspide, Felipe; Poulos, Alan; Candia, G.; Aguirre, P.Resilience of complex infrastructure networks is critical in achieving earthquake resilience in urban environments. Perhaps due to their modeling complexity, very few research studies have addressed sensitivity of the network response to a severe earthquake hazard field. This research aims to characterize earthquake response sensitivity as a function of different topological parameters of 5 critical complex networks in central Chile, covering the electric, transportation, and drinking water networks. Central Chile was selected because it amounts for almost 50% of the country’s population. What is also particular about this setting, is that the seismic characteristics of the region lead to extended (essentially) N-S strike fault ruptures, which run along the subduction margin defined by the E-W convergence between the South American and Pacific Ocean plates at an unusual rate of about 68 mm/year, thus involving in the strong-motion hazard field geographic scales in the hundreds of kilometers. It is concluded that node and link topological structures differ considerably between these complex systems, which are characterized by several different well-known centrality parameters and other interesting indices and network-class discriminators. Secondly, a component criticality analysis under an earthquake hazard field is also presented just in terms of connectivity/service loss, which enables, at least, a rough identification of the robustness of each network as nodes and links are removed. Results from these topological analyses are useful to identify which components are essential in generating larger earthquake resilience. This is the first time such results are obtained for central Chile using very detailed models of these complex networks
- ItemEvaluating network reduction strategies for consistent risk assessment of critical infrastructures(2020) Llera Martin, Juan Carlos de la; Monsalve M., Mauricio; Ferrario, Elisa; Alberto, Yolanda; Arróspide, Felipe; Castro, Sebastián; Poulos, AlanCritical infrastructure networks are continuously growing, gaining complexity with each urban sprawl, conurbation, technological change, and regulatory update. Consequently, their detailed risk analysis demands large amounts of data, computational resources (required by simulations, optimization, flow equilibria, etc.), and dealing with complex interpretations of the results. This comes with several drawbacks: scarcity of adequately curated data, which instead are usually incomplete and sometimes even incorrect, algorithmic runtime that impairs the full use of Monte Carlo simulations, errors that may propagate extensively, and results that cannot be generalized and extended to other cases. Therefore, researchers have also resorted to analyzing simplified versions of these infrastructure systems. This work evaluates three algorithms for reducing the complexity of infrastructure networks while keeping reasonable accuracy for statistical interpretation. These algorithms transform a detailed graph into a more compact representation, where risk assessments can be performed more easily. The strategies used herein are based on the detection of important edges (backbone detection) and the merging or lumping similar or proximate elements (clustering, contractions). The different complexity reduction algorithms are evaluated on three infrastructure networks, namely: the electric transmission network of Chile, the electric distribution network of the Greater Valparaíso and the drinking water distribution network of the Greater Valparaíso. The experiments show that two of the three graph reduction criteria proposed in this work yield good approximations of the connectivity of the original graphs, when these are reduced to 25% of their size.
- ItemMorphological evolution of the Maipo River in central Chile : Influence of instream gravel mining(2018) Arróspide, Felipe; Mao, Luca; Escauriaza Mesa, Cristián Rodrigo