Browsing by Author "Belmar, Francisca"

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    A new approach for the acquisition of trauma surgical skills: an OSCE type of simulation training program
    (2022) Ortiz Koh, Catalina Alejandra; Contreras Bertolo, Caterina; Vela Ulloa, Javier Ignacio; Belmar, Francisca; Paul, Ivan; Achurra Tirado, Pablo; Varas Cohen, Julián
    Background Worldwide, trauma-related deaths are one of the main causes of mortality. Appropriate surgical treatment is crucial to prevent mortality, however, in the past decade, general surgery residents’ exposure to trauma cases has decreased, particularly since the COVID-19 pandemic. In this context, accessible simulation-based training scenarios are essential. Methods A low-cost, previously tested OSCE scenario for the evaluation of surgical skills in trauma was implemented as part of a short training boot camp for residents and recently graduated surgeons. The following stations were included bowel anastomosis, vascular anastomosis, penetrating lung injury, penetrating cardiac injury, and gastric perforation (laparoscopic suturing). A total of 75 participants from 15 diferent programs were recruited. Each station was videotaped in high defni tion and assessed in a remote and asynchronous manner. The level of competency was assessed through global and specifc rating scales alongside procedural times. Self-confdence to perform the procedure as the leading surgeon was evaluated before and after training. Results Statistically signifcant diferences were found in pre-training scores between groups for all stations. The lowest scores were obtained in the cardiac and lung injury stations. After training, participants signifcantly increased their level of competence in both grading systems. Procedural times for the pulmonary tractotomy, bowel anastomosis, and vascular anastomosis stations increased after training. A signifcant improvement in self-confdence was shown in all stations. Conclusion An OSCE scenario for training surgical skills in trauma was efective in improving profciency level and self confdence. Low pre-training scores and level of confdence in the cardiac and lung injury stations represent a defcit in resi dency programs that should be addressed. The incorporation of simulation-based teaching tools at early stages in residency would be benefcial when future surgeons face extremely severe trauma scenarios. Keywords Trauma surgery · Simulation training · Surgical training · Surgical education tec
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    From FUSE to a hands-on electrosurgery course using a cadaveric model
    (2024) Moller, Francesca; Figueroa, Ursula; Miguieles, Mariana; Belmar, Francisca; Jarry, Cristian; Varas, Julian; Searle, Susana; Soza, Jose Francisco; Botello, Eduardo
    IntroductionSurgical procedures in contemporary practice frequently employ energy-based devices, yet comprehensive education surrounding their safety and effectiveness remains deficient. We propose an innovative course for residents that aims to provide basic electrosurgery knowledge and promote the safe use of these devices.MethodsWe developed a simulated training course for first-year general surgery and orthopedic residents. First, a survey was conducted regarding their knowledge perception about energy devices. The course consisted of two online theoretical sessions, followed by three in-person practical sessions. First-year residents performed three video-recorded attempts using a cadaveric model and were assessed through a digital platform using the Objective Structured Assessment of Technical Skill (OSATS), a Specific Rating Scale (SRS), and a surgical energy-based devices scale (SEBS). Third-year residents were recruited as a control group.ResultsThe study included 20 first-year residents and 5 third-year residents. First-year residents perceived a knowledge gap regarding energy devices. Regarding practical performance, both OSATS and checklist scores were statistically different between novices at their first attempt and the control group. When we analyzed the novice's performance, we found a significant increase in OSATS (13 vs 21), SRS (13 vs 17.5), and SEBS (5 vs 7) pre- and post-training scores. The amount of feedback referred to skin burns with the electro-scalpel reduced from 18 feedbacks in the first attempt to 2 in the third attempt (p-value = 0.0002). When comparing the final session of novices with the control group, no differences were found in the SRS (p = 0.22) or SEBS (p = 0.97), but differences remained in OSATS (p = 0.017).ConclusionThis study supports the implementation of structured education in electrosurgery among surgical trainees. By teaching first-year residents about electrosurgery, they can acquire a skill set equivalent to that of third-year residents. The integration of such courses can mitigate complications associated with energy device misuse, ultimately enhancing patient safety.
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    Growth vs. fixed: evaluating the mindset of future surgeons
    (2024) Valencia Coronel, Brandon; Silva Rojas, Adriana; Jarry, Cristián; Belmar, Francisca; Vial, María Elena; Selman Álvarez, Rafael; Figueroa Fernández, Úrsula; Cruz Mackenna, Enrique; Escalona, Gabriel; Varas, Julián
    Introduction: The pursuit of surgical specialization often requires a robust mindset given the high stakes and demanding nature of surgical practice. The mindset of surgical residents, specifically the dichotomy of fixed versus growth mindset, may significantly influence their learning trajectory and eventual performance. This study seeks to explore the prevailing mindsets of surgical residents, with the goal of fostering a conducive learning environment that promotes continuous growth and excellence. Methods: A modified cross-sectional survey based on Dr. Carol S. Dweck's mindset theory was applied to surgical residents at our center. The purpose of this survey was to classify the predominant mindset into 4 groups (strong growth mindset, growth mindset with some fixed ideas, fixed mindset with some growth ideas, and strong fixed mindset) and assess whether this influenced residents' perceptions of performance. However, this study did not directly examine the underlying factors influencing these mindsets. Results: A total of 38 surgical residents participated in the study with a response rate of 95%. The mean age of participants was 31.61 years (range 25–37 years), with 52.6% males and 47.4% females. Regarding surgical specialties, 63.16% were specializing in General Surgery, 10.53% in Pediatric Surgery, 10.53% in Digestive Surgery, 10.53% in Urology, and 5.26% in Colorectal Surgery. Combining the mindset groups, it was found that 89.47% of residents were in the growth mindset category and 10.53% were in the fixed mindset category. In the different types of mindsets of the residents, the findings revealed that in the subgroup categories of mindset, we found 50% of strong growth mindset, 39.47% of growth mindset with some fixed ideas, and 10.53% in fixed mindset with some growth idea. Conclusión: This study highlights the prevalence of a growth mindset among surgical residents, indicating a willingness to adapt and learn continuously. The absence of a strong fixed mindset in the surveyed group reinforces the evolving nature of surgical education that emphasizes adaptability and resilience. This study lays the groundwork for more extensive research to understand the factors that foster these mindsets and to develop strategies to promote a growth mindset in surgical education.
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    Innovation Meets Practice: A Scalable Simulation-based Methodology for Massive Paracentesis Training
    (2025) Figueroa, Úrsula; Jarry, Cristián; Inzunza, Martín; Montero, Isabella; Garrido, Francisco; Villagrán, Ignacio; Belmar, Francisca; Escalona, Gabriel; Riquelme Pérez, Arnoldo; Varas Cohen, Julián