Browsing by Author "Blanco, Estela"

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    Eating behavior and body composition in Chilean young adults
    (2021) Pacheco, Lorena S.; Blanco, Estela; Burrows, Raquel; Correa-Burrows, Paulina; Santos Martín, José Luis; Gahagan, Sheila
    Background: Notable weight gain is observed during young adulthood, compared to other adult age groups, yet the relation between eating behavior and body composition at this stage remains poorly understood. Objective: The aim of this cross-sectional study was to assess the association between eating behavior scores (cognitive restraint, uncontrolled eating, and emotional eating), and body composition in a sample of Chilean young adults. Methods: Logistic and linear regression models assessed the independent associations between cognitive restraint, uncontrolled eating, and emotional eating, derived from the Three Factor Eating Questionnaire-R18, and body mass index (BMI), percent body fat by dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry, and central obesity, accounting for demographic covariates, stratified by sex, in a sample of 555 participants of the Santiago Longitudinal Study (mean age 22.6 years [SD 0.4]).Results: Cognitive restraint was positively associated with obesity, defined by BMI, % body fat, and central obesity. Emotional eating was related to obesity, defined by % body fat and central obesity in men and women and to obesity, defined by BMI, in women. Cognitive restraint was related to BMI in men and % body fat in women. Uncontrolled eating was not associated with adiposity in men or women. Conclusions: In Chilean young adults, cognitive restraint and emotional eating scores were associated with higher BMI, elevated percent body fat, and greater central obesity.
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    Genetic determinants of metabolic biomarkers and their associations with cardiometabolic traits in Hispanic/Latino adolescents
    (2022) Kim, Daeeun; Justice, Anne E.; Chittoor, Geetha; Blanco, Estela; Burrows, Raquel; Graff, Mariaelisa; Green Howard, Annie; Wang, Yujie; Rohde, Rebecca; Buchanan, Victoria L.; Voruganti, V. Saroja; Almeida, Marcio; Peralta, Juan; Lehman, Donna M.; Curran, Joanne E.; Comuzzie, Anthony G.; Duggirala, Ravindranath; Blangero, John; Albala, Cecilia; Santos Martín, José Luis; Angel, Bárbara; Lozoff, Betsy; Gahagan, Sheila; North, Kari E.
    Background: Metabolic regulation plays a significant role in energy homeostasis, and adolescence is a crucial life stage for the development of cardiometabolic disease (CMD). This study aims to investigate the genetic determinants of metabolic biomarkers—adiponectin, leptin, ghrelin, and orexin—and their associations with CMD risk factors. Methods: We characterized the genetic determinants of the biomarkers among Hispanic/Latino adolescents of the Santiago Longitudinal Study (SLS) and identified the cumulative effects of genetic variants on adiponectin and leptin using biomarker polygenic risk scores (PRS). We further investigated the direct and indirect effect of the biomarker PRS on downstream body fat percent (BF%) and glycemic traits using structural equation modeling. Results: We identified putatively novel genetic variants associated with the metabolic biomarkers. A substantial amount of biomarker variance was explained by SLS-specific PRS, and the prediction was improved by including the putatively novel loci. Fasting blood insulin and insulin resistance were associated with PRS for adiponectin, leptin, and ghrelin, and BF% was associated with PRS for adiponectin and leptin. We found evidence of substantial mediation of these associations by the biomarker levels. Conclusions: The genetic underpinnings of metabolic biomarkers can affect the early development of CMD, partly mediated by the biomarkers.
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    Genome-wide association study identifying novel variant for fasting insulin and allelic heterogeneity in known glycemic loci in Chilean adolescents: The Santiago Longitudinal Study
    (2020) Buchanan, Victoria L.; Wang, Yujie; Blanco, Estela; Graff, Mariaelisa; Albala, Cecilia; Burrows, Raquel; Santos Martín, José Luis; Angel, Bárbara; Lozoff, Betsy; Saroja Voruganti, Venkata; Guo, Xiuqing; taylor, Kent D.; Chen, Yii-Der Ida; Yao, Jie; Tan, Jingyi; Downie, Carolina; Highland, Heather M.; Justice, Anne E.; Gahagan, Sheila; North, Kari E.