Browsing by Author "Brockmann Veloso, Pablo"

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    Performance of sleep questionnaires for the diagnosis of obstructive sleep apnea syndrome
    (SOC MEDICA SANTIAGO, 2019) Saldias Penafiel, Fernando; Brockmann Veloso, Pablo; Santin Martinez, Julia; Fuentes Lopez, Eduardo; Valdivia Cabrera, Gonzalo
    Background: The diagnosis of obstructive sleep apnea syndrome (OSAS) is based on nocturnal records: polysomnography or respiratory polygraphy. However, their high costs limit their use. Aim: To examine the predictive value of three sleep questionnaires (STOP, STOP-Bang, Epworth Sleepiness Scale (ESS) in the screening of OSAS in Chilean adults. Material and Methods: During the National Health Survey 2016/17, 205 adults aged 50.7 +/- 15.0 years (46% males) living in the Metropolitan Region answered sleep questionnaires and underwent an ambulatory respiratory polygraphy. The sensitivity, specificity, positive and negative predictive values and receiver operating characteristic curves of sleep questionnaires were calculated. Results: Fifty nine percent of participants had OSAS which was moderate to severe in 26%. The clinical variables associated with OSAS were age, male gender, hypertension, dyslipidemia, overweight, cervical and waist circumferences, history of regular snoring and witnessed apneas. Daytime somnolence, insomnia and unrefreshing sleep were not associated to OSAS risk. STOP, STOP-Bang and ESS questionnaires classified 64%, 71% and 12% of cases as high risk for OSAS, respectively. The STOP and STOP-Bang questionnaires had the highest sensitivity to predict OSAS (76% and 89%, respectively) while the ESS had the highest specificity (91%). Conclusions: The sleep questionnaires allowed to identify the subjects at high risk for OSAS in this sample of adults from the Metropolitan Region.
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    Sudden infant death syndrome
    (2020) Oyarzún Andrade, María Angélica; Brockmann Veloso, Pablo
    Sudden infant death syndrome is a challenging situation that involves ruling out all possible death causes through exhaustive examinations. It is the main cause of death in children under 1 year in developed countries, and has shown a general reduction, possibly related to education campaigns. Its etiology is still not clear but probably corresponds to a multifactorial polygenic condition whose main factors are genetic, environmental, and sociocultural. Its management relies on controlling existing risk factors through a consistent message from the child’s health team and public health educational campaigns.
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    Utilidad de los cuestionarios de tamizaje para trastornos respiratorios del sueño en pediatría
    (2017) Damiani Rebolledo, L. Felipe; Jalil Contreras, Yorschua Frederick; Brockmann Veloso, Pablo
    La presencia de trastornos respiratorios del sueño (TRS) en la población pediátrica ha sido asociada a múltiples e importantes problemas de salud. Desafortunadamente, gran parte de los TRS continúan siendo subdiagnosticados debido a diferentes factores tales como reducida disponibilidad para la realización de exámenes de referencia en la población o limitadas herramientas diagnósticas. Intentando superar estas barreras, la utilización de cuestionarios como herramienta diagnóstica emerge como una alternativa de tamizaje efectiva para la detección de los TRS. Dependiendo de los parámetros a evaluar, se pueden encontrar cuestionarios que valoran aspectos relacionados a los TRS o bien parámetros específicos del sueño como su duración o calidad. En la actualidad el cuestionario “Pediatric sleep Questionnaire” (PSQ) constituye una de las herramientas validadas para la detección de TRS a nivel mundial. En Chile, la exactitud diagnóstica del PSQ fue evaluada en 83 niños entre 0 y 15 años, observando un área bajo la curva (AUC) de 0.687 (IC95% 0.567–0.808), una sensibilidad de 0.78 y una especificidad de 0.72. Basado en la información presentada en este trabajo, la aplicación de cuestionarios de tamizaje, específicamente el PSQ en la población pediátrica es factible, constituyendo una alternativa para la detección de los TRS en el contexto clínico nacional y durante el proceso de investigación en medicina del sueño.