Browsing by Author "Bustamante, A."

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    Mesoscale Variability in the Boundaries of the Oxygen Minimum Zone in the Eastern South Pacific: Influence of Intrathermocline Eddies
    (2021) Auger, P. A.; Bento, J. P.; Hormazabal, S.; Morales, C. E.; Bustamante, A.
    The vertical variability in the oxygen minimum zone (OMZ) in the eastern South Pacific (ESP; 0-40 degrees S) is characterized by the influence of anticyclonic intrathermocline eddies (ITEs), which are subsurface-intensified mesoscale features that are frequently generated in the coastal upwelling zone off Peru and Chile. The unique lens-shaped signatures that ITEs leave on temperature, salinity, and dissolved oxygen vertical distributions are used as proxies to assess their influences on vertical OMZ boundaries and thickness. Data from in situ profiles in the region (World Ocean Database and Argo databases) are used in correlation analyses between anomalous depths (and vertical displacements) of oxyclines and isopycnals/isotherms, together with an objective eddy detection method based on satellite altimetry to identify the location of such profiles (i.e., outside or inside cyclonic and anticyclonic eddies). The results indicate that most of the vertical fluctuations in the climatological OMZ have a lens-shaped signature and that those at the mesoscale are largely due to ITEs. ITEs are a main driver of the upper oxycline variability in the coastal band, the coastal transition zone (CTZ, 3-10 degrees from the coast) and beyond at mid-latitudes (12-26 degrees S). The influence of ITEs on the upper and lower oxycline variability is mostly observed within the horizontal (offshore) climatological boundary of the OMZ, suggesting that ITEs play a role in the OMZ offshore extension in the ESP. ITEs may produce mesoscale variations in the thickness of the surface-oxygenated layer, resulting in potential changes in prey-predator interactions and in food web functioning.
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    Microencapsulation of H. pluvialis oleoresins with different fatty acid composition : Kinetic stability of astaxanthin and alpha-tocopherol
    (2016) Bustamante, A.; Masson, L.; Velasco, J.; Del Valle Lladser, José Manuel; Robert Canales, Paz Soledad
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    n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids in the regulation of adipose tissue browning and thermogenesis in obesity: Potential relationship with gut microbiota
    (2021) Zapata, J.; Gallardo, A.; Romero, C.; Valenzuela, R.; Garcia-Diaz, D. F.; Duarte, L.; Bustamante, A.; Gasaly, N.; Gotteland, M.; Echeverría González, Francisca Cecilia
    Background: Obesity is a worldwide public health problem characterized by fat tissue accumulation, favouring adipose tissue and metabolic alterations. Increasing energy expenditure (EE) through brown adipose tissue activation and white adipose tissue (WAT) browning has gained relevance as a therapeutic approach. Different bioactive compounds, such as n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA), have been shown to induce those thermogenic effects. This process is regulated by the gut microbiota as well. Nevertheless, obesity is characterized by gut microbiota dysbiosis, which can be restored by weight loss and n-3 PUFA intake, among other factors. Knowledge gap: However, the role of the gut microbiota on the n-3 PUFA effect in inducing thermogenesis in obesity has not been fully elucidated. Objective: This review aims to elucidate the potential implications of this interrelation on WAT browning adiposw sittue (BAT), BAT activity, and EE regulation in obesity models.