Browsing by Author "Carpenter, John M."

Now showing 1 - 12 of 12
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    A Dust-trapping Ring in the Planet-hosting Disk of Elias 2-24
    (2024) Carvalho, Adolfo S.; Perez, Laura M.; Sierra, Anibal; Mellado, Maria Jesus; Hillenbrand, Lynne A.; Andrews, Sean; Benisty, Myriam; Birnstiel, Tilman; Carpenter, John M.; Guzman, Viviana V.; Huang, Jane; Isella, Andrea; Kurtovic, Nicolas; Ricci, Luca; Wilner, David J.
    Rings and gaps are among the most widely observed forms of substructure in protoplanetary disks. A gap-ring pair may be formed when a planet carves a gap in the disk, which produces a local pressure maximum following the gap that traps inwardly drifting dust grains and appears as a bright ring owing to the enhanced dust density. A dust-trapping ring would provide a promising environment for solid growth and possibly planetesimal production via the streaming instability. We present evidence of dust trapping in the bright ring of the planet-hosting disk Elias 2-24, from the analysis of 1.3 and 3 mm Atacama Large Millimeter/submillimeter Array observations at high spatial resolution (0.'' 029, 4.0 au). We leverage the high spatial resolution to demonstrate that larger grains are more efficiently trapped and place constraints on the local turbulence (8 x 10(-4) < alpha( turb) < 0.03) and the gas-to-dust ratio (Sigma (g) /Sigma (d) < 30) in the ring. Using a scattering-included marginal probability analysis, we measure a total dust disk mass of M-dust=13.8(-0.5)+0.7x10(-4)M(circle dot) . We also show that at the orbital radius of the proposed perturber the gap is cleared of material down to a flux contrast of 10(-3) of the peak flux in the disk.
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    ALMA Observations of the Epoch of Planet Formation
    (2018) Andrews, Sean M.; Huang, Jane; Pérez, Laura M.; Isella, Andrea; Dullemond, Cornelis P.; Kurtovic, Nicolás T.; Guzmán Veloso, Viviana Gabriela; Carpenter, John M.; Wilner, David J.; Zhang, Shangjia; Birnstiel, Tilman; Bai, Xue-Ning; Benisty, Myriam; Hughes, A. Meredith; Öberg, Karin I.; Ricci, Luca
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    An ALMA Survey of H2CO in Protoplanetary Disks
    (IOP PUBLISHING LTD, 2020) Pegues, Jamila; Oberg, Karin I.; Bergner, Jennifer B.; Loomis, Ryan A.; Qi, Chunhua; Le Gal, Romane; Cleeves, L. Ilsedore; Guzman, Viviana V.; Huang, Jane; Jorgensen, Jes K.; Andrews, Sean M.; Blake, Geoffrey A.; Carpenter, John M.; Schwarz, Kamber R.; Williams, Jonathan P.; Wilner, David J.
    H2CO is one of the most abundant organic molecules in protoplanetary disks and can serve as a precursor to more complex organic chemistry. We present an Atacama Large Millimeter/submillimeter Array survey of H2CO toward 15 disks covering a range of stellar spectral types, stellar ages, and dust continuum morphologies. H2CO is detected toward 13 disks and tentatively detected toward a fourteenth. We find both centrally peaked and centrally depressed emission morphologies, and half of the disks show ring-like structures at or beyond expected CO snowline locations. Together these morphologies suggest that H2CO in disks is commonly produced through both gas-phase and CO-ice-regulated grain-surface chemistry. We extract disk-averaged and azimuthally-averaged H2CO excitation temperatures and column densities for four disks with multiple H2CO line detections. The temperatures are between 20-50 K, with the exception of colder temperatures in the DM Tau disk. These temperatures suggest that H2CO emission in disks generally emerges from the warm molecular layer, with some contributions from the colder midplane. Applying the same H2CO excitation temperatures to all disks in the survey, we find that H2CO column densities span almost three orders of magnitude (similar to 5 x 10(11) -5 x 10(14) cm(-2)). The column densities appear uncorrelated with disk size and stellar age, but Herbig Ae disks may have less H2CO compared to T Tauri disks, possibly because of less CO freeze-out. More H2CO observations toward Herbig Ae disks are needed to confirm this tentative trend, and to better constrain under which disk conditions H2CO and other oxygen-bearing organics efficiently form during planet formation.
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    The Disk Substructures at High Angular Resolution Program (DSHARP). VIII. The Rich Ringed Substructures in the AS 209 Disk
    (2018) Guzman, Viviana V.; Huang, Jane; Andrews, Sean M.; Isella, Andrea; Perez, Laura M.; Carpenter, John M.; Dullemond, Cornelis P.; Ricci, Luca; Birnstiel, Tilman; Zhang, Shangjia; Zhu, Zhaohuan; Bai, Xue-Ning; Benisty, Myriam; Oberg, Karin I.; Wilner, David J.
    We present a detailed analysis of the high angular resolution (0.'' 037, corresponding to 5 au) observations of the 1.25. mm continuum and (CO)-C-12 2 - 1 emission from the disk around the T. Tauri star AS. 209. AS. 209 hosts one of the most unusual disks from the Disk Substructures at High Angular Resolution Project sample, the first high angular resolution Atacama Large Millimeter Array survey of disks, as nearly all of the emission can be explained with concentric Gaussian rings. In particular, the dust emission consists of a series of narrow and closely spaced rings in the inner similar to 60 au, two well-separated bright rings in the outer disk, centered at 74 and 120 au, and at least two fainter emission features at 90 and 130 au. We model the visibilities with a parametric representation of the radial surface brightness profile, consisting of a central core and seven concentric Gaussian rings. Recent hydrodynamical simulations of low-viscosity disks show that super-Earth planets can produce the multiple gaps seen in AS. 209 millimeter continuum emission. The (CO)-C-12 line emission is centrally peaked and extends out to similar to 300 au, much farther than the millimeter dust emission. We find axisymmetric, localized deficits of CO emission around four distinct radii, near 45, 75, 120, and 210 au. The outermost gap is located well beyond the edge of the millimeter dust emission, and therefore cannot be due to dust opacity and must be caused by a genuine CO surface density reduction, due either to chemical effects or depletion of the overall gas content.
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    The Disk Substructures at High Angular Resolution Project (DSHARP). I. Motivation, Sample, Calibration, and Overview
    (2018) Andrews, Sean M.; Huang, Jane; Perez, Laura M.; Isella, Andrea; Dullemond, Cornelis P.; Kurtovic, Nicolás T.; Guzmán Veloso, Viviana Gabriela; Carpenter, John M.; Wilner, David J.; Zhang, Shangjia; Zhu, Zhaohuan; Birnstiel, Tilman; Bai, Xue-Ning; Benisty, Myriam; Hughes, A. Meredith; Öberg, Karin I.; Ricci, Luca
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    The Disk Substructures at High Angular Resolution Project (DSHARP). II. Characteristics of Annular Substructures
    (2018) Huang, Jane; Andrews, Sean M.; Dullemond, Cornelis P.; Isella, Andrea; Perez, Laura M.; Guzmán Veloso, Viviana Gabriela; Öberg, Karin I.; Zhu, Zhaohuan; Zhang, Shangjia; Bai, Xue-Ning; Benisty, Myriam; Birnstiel, Tilman; Carpenter, John M.; Hughes, A. Meredith; Ricci, Luca; Weaver, Erik; Wilner, David J.
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    The Disk Substructures at High Angular Resolution Project (DSHARP). III. Spiral Structures in the Millimeter Continuum of the Elias 27, IM Lup, and WaOph 6 Disks
    (2018) Huang, Jane; Andrews, Sean M.; Perez, Laura M.; Zhu, Zhaohuan; Dullemond, Cornelis P.; Isella, Andrea; Benisty, Myriam; Bai, Xue-Ning; Birnstiel, Tilman; Guzmán Veloso, Viviana Gabriela; Carpenter, John M.; Hughes, A. Meredith; Öberg, Karin I.; Ricci, Luca; Wilner, David J.; Zhang, Shangjia
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    The Disk Substructures at High Angular Resolution Project (DSHARP). IV. Characterizing Substructures and Interactions in Disks around Multiple Star Systems
    (2018) Kurtovic, Nicolas T.; Perez, Laura M.; Benisty, Myriam; Zhu, Zhaohuan; Zhang, Shangjia; Huang, Jane; Andrews, Sean M.; Dullemond, Cornelis P.; Isella, Andrea; Guzmán Veloso, Viviana Gabriela; Bai, Xue-Ning; Carpenter, John M.; Ricci, Luca; Wilner, David J.
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    The Disk Substructures at High Angular Resolution Project (DSHARP). IX. A High-definition Study of the HD 163296 Planet-forming Disk
    (2018) Isella, Andrea; Huang, Jane; Andrews, Sean M.; Dullemond, Cornelis P.; Birnstiel, Tilman; Zhang, Shangjia; Zhu, Zhaohuan; Guzmán Veloso, Viviana Gabriela; Pérez, Laura M.; Bai, Xue-Ning; Benisty, Myriam; Carpenter, John M.; Ricci, Luca; Wilner, David J.
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    The Disk Substructures at High Angular Resolution Project (DSHARP). VI. Dust Trapping in Thin-ringed Protoplanetary Disks
    (2018) Dullemond, Cornelis P.; Birnstiel, Tilman; Huang, Jane; Kurtovic, Nicolas T.; Andrews, Sean M.; Guzmán Veloso, Viviana Gabriela; Pérez, Laura M.; Isella, Andrea; Zhu, Zhaohuan; Benisty, Myriam; Wilner, David J.; Bai, Xue-Ning; Carpenter, John M.; Zhang, Shangjia; Ricci, Luca
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    The Disk Substructures at High Angular Resolution Project (DSHARP). VII. The Planet-Disk Interactions Interpretation
    (2018) Zhang, Shangjia; Zhu, Zhaohuan; Huang, Jane; Guzmán Veloso, Viviana Gabriela; Andrews, Sean M.; Birnstiel, Tilman; Dullemond, Cornelis P.; Carpenter, John M.; Isella, Andrea; Pérez, Laura M.; Benisty, Myriam; Wilner, David J.; Baruteau, Clément; Bai, Xue-Ning; Ricci, Luca
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    The Disk Substructures at High Angular Resolution Project (DSHARP). X. Multiple Rings, a Misaligned Inner Disk, and a Bright Arc in the Disk around the T Tauri star HD 143006
    (2018) Perez, Laura M.; Benisty, Myriam; Andrews, Sean M.; Isella, Andrea; Dullemond, Cornelis P.; Huang, Jane; Kurtovic, Nicolás T.; Guzmán Veloso, Viviana Gabriela; Zhu, Zhaohuan; Birnstiel, Tilman; Zhang, Shangjia; Carpenter, John M.; Wilner, David J.; Ricci, Luca; Bai, Xue-Ning; Weaver, Erik; Öberg, Karin I.