Browsing by Author "Charalambous, Marios"

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    Canine olfactory detection of SARS-CoV-2-infected humans—a systematic review
    (Elsevier Inc., 2023) Meller, Sebastián; Caraguel, Charles; Twele, Friederike; Charalambous, Marios; Schoneberg, Clara; Chaber, Anne-Lise; Desquilbet, Loïc; Grandjean, Dominique; Mardones, Fernando O.; Kreienbrock, Lothar de la Rocque; de la Rocque, Stéphane; Volk, Holger
    To complement conventional testing methods for severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus type 2 infections, dogs’ olfactory capability for true real-time detection has been investigated worldwide. Diseases produce specific scents in affected individuals via volatile organic compounds. This systematic review evaluates the current evidence for canine olfaction as a reliable coronavirus disease 2019 screening tool. Methods: Two independent study quality assessment tools were used: the QUADAS-2 tool for the evaluation of laboratory tests’ diagnostic accuracy, designed for systematic reviews, and a general evaluation tool for canine detection studies, adapted to medical detection. Various study design, sample, dog, and olfactory training features were considered as potential confounding factors. Results: Twenty-seven studies from 15 countries were evaluated. Respectively, four and six studies had a low risk of bias and high quality: the four QUADAS-2 nonbiased studies resulted in ranges of 81%–97% sensitivity and 91%–100% specificity. The six high-quality studies, according to the general evaluation system, revealed ranges of 82%–97% sensitivity and 83%–100% specificity. The other studies contained high bias risks and applicability and/or quality concerns. Conclusions: Standardization and certification procedures as used for canine explosives detection are needed for medical detection dogs for the optimal and structured usage of their undoubtful potential.
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    Expert considerations and consensus for using dogs to detect human SARS-CoV-2-infections
    (Frontiers Media S.A., 2022) Meller, Sebastián; Al Khatri, Maryam Sultan Ali; Álvarez, Guadalupe; Alves, Lêucio Câmara; Callewaert, Chris; Caraguel, Charles G. B.; Carancci, Paula; Chaber, Anne-Lise; Charalambous, Marios; Desquilbet, Loïc; Ebbers, Janek; Grandjean, Dominique; Guest, Claire; Guyot, Hugues; Hielm-Björkman, Anna; Hopkins, Amy; Kreienbrock, Lothar; Logan, James G.; Lorenzo, Héctor; Maia, Rita de Cassia Carvalho; Mancilla-Tapia, Juan M.; Mardones Loyola Fernando Otoniel; Mutesa, León; Nsanzimana, Sabin; Otto, Cynthia M.