Browsing by Author "Crockett, Marcelo A."

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    Disparities in the use of mental health services of adolescents in Chile
    (2023) Salinas-Contreras, Marcia; Vargas, Belen; Crockett, Marcelo A.; Martinez, Vania
    Objective: To examine disparities in the use of mental health services (MHS) in adolescents according to sociodemographic factors. Subjects and Method: 2,022 adolescents aged 13-19 years in Santiago, Chile, participated in the study. Between April and May 2008, they answered a self-report survey that assessed lifetime (history of treatment for depression) and current (psychological or pharmacological treatment) use of MHS, sociodemographic variables, and psychopathology as symptoms of depression, symptoms of generalized anxiety disorder, and risk of problematic substance use. Data were analyzed using logistic regression. Results: 16.5% of participants reported lifetime use of MHS due to depression, 9.7% were on current psychological treatment, and 2.7% were on current pharmacological treatment. Among those meeting criteria for a mental health problem, only 14.9% to 18.9% were currently on treatment. Males, younger participants, and those who had immigrants' parents reported lower lifetime use of MHS due to depression. Those with parents with 9 to 12 years of education and who had immigrants' parents reported lower current MHS use. Youth not living with both parents reported higher lifetime and current MHS use. Conclusions: We observe a high treatment gap in those with mental health needs as well as differences in MHS use based on socio-demographic variables. These results may be useful for planning interventions that favor access to and use of MHS, especially in the most disadvantaged groups of adolescents.
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    Prevalence estimation of Autism Spectrum disorders in chilean urban population
    (2021) Yanez, Carolina; Maira, Paulina; Elguetab, Constanza; Crockett, Marcelo A.; Troncoso, Ledia; Lopez, Claudia; Troncoso, Monica; Brito, Macarena
    The prevalence of Autism Spectrum Disorder has increased, varying between 0.5 and 1% around the world. The prevalence of ASD in Chile is unknown. Objective: To estimate the prevalence of ASD in two urban communes of Santiago, Chile. Subjects and Method: Cross-sectional epidemiological study. 272 children aged between 18-30 months who attended well-child visits at two Family Health Centers in two urban communes of Santiago participated. Consecutive sampling was used and children who were already being monitored by neurology were excluded. Screening was performed using the Modified Checklist for Autism in Toddlers (M-CHAT). Those children with altered M-CHAT were evaluated by a pediatric neurologist at the San Borja Arriaran Clinical Hospital and diagnosed with ASD according to clinical criteria. The Autism Diagnostic Observation Schedule - Second Version (ADOS-2) was used as a diagnostic complement. The prevalence of ASD was estimated with a 95% confidence interval. Results: 44 children had altered M-CHAT; 5 of them were clinically diagnosed with ASD. A 1.95% prevalence of ASD (95% CI 0.81-4.63) was obtained, with a sex distribution of 4 boys per 1 girl. Conclusions: This study is the first estimate of ASD prevalence in two communes of Santiago, Chile. A high prevalence of this condition was observed, which highlights the need for obtaining resources for an early multidisciplinary approach for these patients.