Browsing by Author "Dominguez, Angélica"
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- ItemASSOCIATION BETWEEN PERINATAL FACTORS AND COMPONENTS OF THE METABOLIC SYNDROME AND INSULIN RESISTANCE IN CHILDREN OF PUENTE ALTO, SANTIAGO, CHILE(2013) Mardones, Francisco; Pacheco, M.; Dominguez, Angélica; Villarroel del Pino, Luis A.; Eriksson, J. G.; Arnáiz Gómez, Pilar; Barja Y., Salesa; Castillo Valenzuela, Oscar; Farías Jofré, MarceloBackground and objectives: we have previously studied the association of prenatal growth with metabolic syndrome (MS) components, including insulin resistance (IR), in about two thousand Chilean low-income urban school-age children (J Devel Orig Health Dis. 2012; 3(4): 237-244). We aim to ascertain with a higher sample size the influence of the above mentioned variables. Methods: retrospective cohort study linking information on MS and IR in school-age, with perinatal records. 3325 children were enrolled in schools in the district of Puente Alto (Santiago, Chile) during 2009-2011. Anthropometry and blood pressure (BP) were assessed. A blood sample for determination of glycemia, insulinemia (quimioluminiscence) and blood lipids was taken; HOMA was calculated and a national standard was applied to select HOMA-IR cases. Cook et al standard was used to define MS. We used Pearson correlation, chi-square test and logistic regression step-by-step. Linear and quadratic associations were tested with Poisson regression. Results: 3290 children had complete information at birth (98.9%) 52.01% women; aged 11.4 + 1 years. The prevalence of MS and IR was 7.26% and 25.47%, respectively. Logistic regression analysis showed an inverse association between birth length (BL), gestational age and birth weight (BW) with most dependent variables studied. However BW showed a direct association with the majority of the dependent variables studied. The waist circumference > 90th percentile, BP > 90th percentile and triglycerides > 110 mg/dl were associated with U-shaped BW, BL and ponderal index, respectively. Conclusions: In this new study we could demonstrate a higher number of U-shaped associations with perinatal variables. New studies with higher sample sizes would permit to show this kind of associations and improve our understanding of the early origins of metabolic diseases.
- ItemASSOCIATION OF SUBCLINICAL ATHEROSCLEROSIS WITH DIFFERENT STANDARDS OF THE METABOLIC SYNDROME AND INSULIN RESISTANCE(2013) Arnai, P.; Dominguez, Angélica; Barja Y., Salesa; Godoy, I.; Villarroel del Pino, Luis A.; Castillo Valenzuela, Oscar; Farías Jofré, Marcelo; Mardones, FranciscoBackground and objectives: we have previously selected two metabolic syndrome (MS) components blood pressure (BP) and high density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDLC) as associated with carotid intima media thickness (CIMT) a surrogate marker of subclinical atherosclerosis in children (Rev Med Chile 2012; 140: 1268-75). We aimed to ascertain with a higher sample size the influence of the above mentioned variables and three standards defining the MS plus three standards defining insulin resistance (IR). Methods: A cross-sectional study of 447 children 10-14 years old of low socio-economic strata from an urban area of Chile was performed during years 2009-2011. This sample was selected considering the presence of one or more MS component and IR. Anthropometry and BP were assessed. A blood sample for determination of glycaemia, insulinemia (quimioluminiscence) and blood lipids were taken; HOMA was calculated and three standards were applied to select HOMA-IR cases. Three standards to define MS were also used. Medium CIMT was assessed using ultrasonography with automated software. Chi-squared test and stepwise regression were used. Results: Mean age was 11.5 ±1.0 years old; 59% girls; 92.6% pubertal; 72% excess weight. Three standards for MS had prevalence of 24.4% (Cook, 2004), 14.1% (IDF, 2007), 42.9% (De Ferranti, 2004). Three standards for HOMA-IR had the following prevalence: 15.2% (Barja, 2011), 37.4% (Burrows, 2006), 23.0% (De Onis, 2012). Elevated blood pressure and reduced CHDL had significant associations with CIMT ≥ percentile 75. The logistic regression for CIMT ≥ percentile 75 only selected BP ≥ percentile 90 (OR = 2.963) and CHDL < 40 mg/dL (OR = 1.789) Conclusions: None of the various classifications for the MS and the HOMA-IR were selected in the multivariate analysis confirming the previously found influence of increased BP and reduced CHDL on medium CIMT.
- ItemSerological prevalence and persistence of high-risk human papillomavirus infection among women in Santiago, Chile(2014) Castro, Felipe A.; Dominguez, Angélica; Puschel Illanes, Klaus; Van De Wyngard, Vanessa; Snijders, Peter J.; Franceschi, Silvia; Pawlita, Michael; Ferreccio Readi, Catterina; Castro, Felipe A.; Dominguez, Angélica; Puschel Illanes, Klaus; Van De Wyngard, Vanessa; Snijders, Peter J.; Franceschi, Silvia; Pawlita, Michael; Ferreccio Readi, CatterinaAbstract Background Human papillomavirus (HPV) serology is a main factor for designing vaccination programs and surveillance strategies; nevertheless, there are few reports of HPV seroprevalence in the general population, especially in Latin America. This study aimed to describe high-risk HPV serological prevalence, persistence, and association with concurrent cervical infection, in Chilean women. Methods 1021 women from the general population, aged 15–85 years, were studied in 2001 of whom 600 were reexamined in 2006. The assessments at both time points included cervical HPV DNA testing, HPV antibody testing, cervical cytology and a sociodemographic/behavioral questionnaire. HPV DNA and antibodies against L1 protein of types 16, 18, 31, 33, 35, 45, 52, and 58 were assessed by reverse line blot and multiplex serology, respectively. Results Seropositivity was high at both baseline (43.2%) and follow-up (50.2%) and increased with age (p < 0.001); corresponding DNA prevalences were 6.7% and 8.7%. DNA and seroprevalence were associated at baseline (p = 0.01 for any HPV). Early age at first sexual intercourse and having had two or more sexual partners were independently associated with seropositivity. Most (82.0%) initially seropositive women remained seropositive at follow-up; 21.6% of initially seronegative women seroconverted, reaching 17.5% among women older than 60 years of age. ASCUS or worse cytology was correlated with HPV DNA positivity but not with HPV seropositivity. Conclusion HPV seroprevalence studies are a useful tool for learning about the dynamics of HPV infection in a community. This study contributes to understanding the natural history of HPV infection and provides a baseline assessment before the incorporation of HPV vaccination into a national program.