Browsing by Author "Errazuriz Concha, Antonia"
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- ItemA randomized controlled trial of mindfulness-based stress reduction (MBSR) in health workers (E-Poster Presentations)(Cambridge Univ. Press, 2020) Errazuriz Concha, Antonia; Figueroa Cabello, Rodrigo Andrés
- ItemAdverse childhood experiences and suicidal ideation among immigrants in Santiago, Chile(Cambridge Univ. Press, 2021) Errazuriz Concha, Antonia; Avello Sáez, Daniela Margot; Morales, S.; Pino, R.Introduction: Understanding suicidal ideation and its association with childhood adversity is crucial for preventing suicide. Although the “healthy immigrant effect”, whereby immigrants are healthier than the native-born population, has been well documented across studies, little research has examined the presence of such effect on lifetime suicidal ideation (LSI) and its association to early adversity.Objectives: The aim of this study was to compare the prevalence of LSI between the immigrant and native-born population in Chile and explore the association between childhood adversity and suicidal ideation in immigrants.Methods:Data from two cross-sectional health surveys: the Santiago Immigrant Wellbeing Study (STRING, n=1,091; 2019) and the Chilean National Health Survey (ENS2016, n=3,432) were used. Each study used multistage probability sampling and estimates were weighted to approximate the distribution of demographic variables in each population. Outcomes included LSI measured by WHO-CIDI and an adapted version of the Adverse Childhood Experience Questionnaire. Multivariate logistic regression was employed.Results:indicated that immigrants were less likely to report LSI compared with the native-born population. Moreover, male and female immigrants had lower risk of having SI than native-born counterparts. After controlling for socioeconomic status, social support, and health conditions, childhood adversities predicted an increased risk of LSI in immigrants. No gender differences were found in the effects of childhood adversity on suicidal thoughts.Conclusions: Findings confirm the presence of a healthy immigrant effect in LSI and support a life course perspective, highlighting the importance of assessing early life disadvantages to understand suicidal ideation among immigrants.
- ItemEffects of mindfulness-based stress reduction on psychological distress in health workers: A three-arm parallel randomized controlled trial(Pergamon-Elsevier Science Ltd., 2022) Errazuriz Concha, Antonia; Schmidt, Kristin; Undurraga Fourcade, Eduardo Andrés; Medeiros Urzua, Sebastián; Baudrand Biggs, René Felipe; Cussen Sanhueza, Diego; Henríquez Henríquez, Marcela Patricia; Celhay, Pablo; Figueroa, Rodrigo A.Mindfulness-based Stress Reduction (MBSR) has shown good efficacy for improving wellbeing in employees experiencing occupational stress. However, comparisons with other interventions, longer-term follow-up, and data from varying sociocultural contexts are lacking. This three-arm, parallel randomised controlled trial (RCT) examined the effects of MBSR on psychological distress in non-physician health workers in direct contact with patients. 105 participants were randomly allocated to either: (1) MBSR (N = 35), (2) Stress Management Course (SMC; N = 34) or (3) wait-list (N = 36). Participants and those assessing outcomes were blinded to group assignment. Participants completed questionnaires pre- and post-intervention and four months after the intervention. Psychological distress was measured using the General Health Questionnaire (GHQ-12) and Outcome Questionnaire (OQ-45). Secondary outcomes included perceived stress, job satisfaction, mindfulness skills and changes in salivary cortisol. 77 participants completed measures post-intervention and 52 at 4-month follow-up. MBSR showed a post-intervention effect in reducing GHQ-12 (ss = -0.80 [SE = 1.58] p < 0.01) and OQ-45 (ss = -0.72, [SE = 5.87] p < 0.05) psychological distress, compared to SMC and in reducing GHQ-12 (ss = -1.30 [SE = 1.38] p < 0.001) and OQ-45 (ss = -0.71, [SE = 5.58] p < 0.01) psychological distress compared to wait-list condition. In our secondary outcome, only MBSR was associated with a decrease in the cortisol awaking response by 23% (p < 0.05). At follow-up, only effects of MBSR on the psychological distress 'social role' subscale (ss = -0.76 [SE = 1.31] p < 0.05) remained significant, compared to SMC. In conclusion, MBSR appears useful in reducing short-term psychological distress in healthcare workers, but these effects were not maintained at followup. Trial registration: ISRCTN12039804.
- ItemPrevalence of depression in Latin America and the Caribbean: protocol for a systematic review and meta-analysis(Lippincott Williams & Wilkins, 2021) Errazuriz Concha, Antonia; Crisostomo Toro Natalia PiaObjective: The objective of this review is to evaluate the best available evidence to determine the prevalence of depression in the general population of Latin America and the Caribbean countries. Introduction: Depression is a common mental disorder that affects quality of life and has been ranked as the largest contributor to non-fatal health loss. Knowledge of this disorder serves as a relevant instrument for policy makers and for the reassignment of public health resources. Although the prevalence of depression is well documented in high-income countries, little is known about the prevalence in Latin America and the Caribbean. Inclusion criteria: This review will include studies that report the prevalence of depression in the general adult (14 years and older) population of countries in Latin America and the Caribbean. Non-representative subsets of the population will be excluded. Methods: The search strategy will be designed to obtain both published and unpublished studies. Information sources include PubMed, PsycINFO, Cochrane CENTRAL, and SciELO. Sources of unpublished studies include literature from government departments, international agencies, and academic institution repositories or websites. Eligible studies will be critically appraised for methodological quality. Prevalence estimates will be statistically pooled in a meta-analysis after heterogeneity interpretation; data not appropriate for pooling will be reported in a narrative review. Finally, risk of publication bias will be studied via funnel plot analysis and the Egger test. Systematic review registration number: PROSPERO (CRD42019143054)
- ItemPrevalence of major depressive disorder among immigrants of the metropolitan region of santiago, chile(2020) Errazuriz Concha, AntoniaModern machine learning pipelines are limited due to data availability, storage quotas, privacy regulations, and expensive annotation processes. These constraints make it difficult or impossible to train and update large-scale models on such dynamic annotated sets. Continual learning directly approaches this problem, with the ultimate goal of devising methods where a deep neural network effectively learns relevant patterns for new (unseen) classes, without significantly altering its performance on previously learned ones. In this paper, we address the problem of continual learning for video data. We introduce PIVOT, a novel method that leverages extensive knowledge in pre-trained models from the image domain, thereby reducing the number of trainable parameters and the associated forgetting. Unlike previous methods, ours is the first approach that effectively uses prompting mechanisms for continual learning without any in-domain pre-training. Our experiments show that PIVOT improves state-of-the-art methods by a significant 27% on the 20-task ActivityNet setup.
- ItemPsychometric properties of the Spanish version of the Clinical Outcomes in Routine Evaluation Outcome Measure (CORE-OM) in Chile(2024) Errazuriz Concha, Antonia; Passi Solar, Álvaro Rodrigo; Beltrán, Rodrigo; Paz, Clara; Evans, Chris; De La Parra Cieciwa, GuillermoObjective To examine the psychometric properties of the Spanish version of the 34-item Clinical Outcomes in RoutineEvaluation—Outcome Measure questionnaire (CORE-OM).Method Psychometric exploration was conducted in two samples: non-clinical (n = 706) and clinical (n = 420) participants.The non-clinical sample comprised a subgroup of community members (n = 308) and students (n = 398). The clinicalsample consisted of self-reported patients (n = 209) and outpatients (n = 211). The analysis included both internal andtest-retest reliability, convergent validity, and principal component analysis. A reliable change index and clinical cut-offscores were established for assessing clinically significant change.Results The Spanish CORE-OM demonstrated good internal consistency and test-retest reliability, along with satisfactoryconvergent validity against the 45-item Outcome Questionnaire (OQ-45.2). There were strong differentiations between theclinical and non-clinical samples and the four sample subsets. The outpatient group reported the highest scores, while thecommunity group exhibited the lowest scores. There were no marked gender effects. All observed patterns aligned closelywith the established Spanish referential data.Conclusion Our findings provide support for the utilization of the Spanish CORE-OM as a measure for trackingpsychotherapeutic progress in the context of Chile.