Browsing by Author "Ferrari, Gerson"

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    A Comparison of Associations Between Self-Reported and Device-Based Sedentary Behavior and Obesity Markers in Adults: A Multi-National Cross-Sectional Study
    (2022) Ferrari, Gerson; Herrera-Cuenca, Marianella; Zalcman Zimberg, Iona; Guajardo, Viviana; Gomez, Georgina; Quesada, Dayana; Rigotti, Attilio; Yadira Cortes, Lilia; Yepez Garcia, Martha; Pareja, Rossina G.; Peralta, Miguel; Marques, Adilson; Leme, Ana Carolina B.; Kovalskys, Irina; Rollo, Scott; Fisberg, Mauro
    The purpose of this study was to examine the associations between self-reported and device-based measures of sedentary behavior (SB) with obesity markers in adults from Latin American countries. Sitting time and total time spent in different SBs were self-reported using two different questionnaires. Accelerometers were used to assess total sedentary time. Body mass index, waist, and neck circumferences were assessed. The highest self-reported sitting time was in Argentina, the highest total time spent in different SBs was in Brazil and Costa Rica, and the highest device-based sedentary time was observed in Peru. Neither self-reported sitting time, total time spent in different SBs or device-based sedentary time were associated with body mass index. Device-based sedentary time was positively associated with waist circumference and self-reported sitting time was positively associated with neck circumference. Caution is warranted when comparing the associations of self-reported and device-based assessments of SB with anthropometric variables.
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    A Landscape of Micronutrient Dietary Intake by 15-to 65-Years-Old Urban Population in 8 Latin American Countries: Results From the Latin American Study of Health and Nutrition
    (2024) Monge-Rojas, Rafael; Vargas-Quesada, Rulaman; Previdelli, Agatha Nogueira; Kovalskys, Irina; Herrera-Cuenca, Marianella; Cortes, Lilia Yadira; Garcia, Martha Cecilia Yepez; Liria-Dominguez, Reyna; Rigotti, Attilio; Fisberg, Regina Mara; Ferrari, Gerson; Fisberg, Mauro; Gomez, Georgina
    Background: Latin American countries have shifted from traditional diets rich in micronutrients to a Westernized diet rich in high energy-dense foods and low in micronutrients.
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    Accelerometer-Measured Daily Step Counts and Adiposity Indicators among Latin American Adults: A Multi-Country Study
    (2021) Ferrari, Gerson; Marques, Adilson; Barreira, Tiago V.; Kovalskys, Irina; Gomez, Georgina; Rigotti, Attilio; Cortes, Lilia Yadira; Garcia, Martha Cecilia Yepez; Pareja, Rossina G.; Herrera-Cuenca, Marianella; Guajardo, Viviana; Leme, Ana Carolina B.; Guzman Habinger, Juan; Valdivia-Moral, Pedro; Suarez-Reyes, Monica; Ihle, Andreas; Gouveia, Elvio R.; Fisberg, Mauro
    The aim of the present study was to examine the sex-related associations between accelerometer-measured daily step counts and adiposity indicators in adults from eight Latin American countries. We analyzed data from 2524 adults (aged 18-65 years) from the Latin American Study of Nutrition and Health. Device-measured daily step counts were measured by accelerometers (ActiGraph GT3X). The outcomes were body mass index (BMI; (kg/m2), waist and neck circumference (in cm). Overall, the mean of daily steps counts, BMI, waist and neck circumference were 10699.8, 27.3, 89.6, and 35.8. Weak and negative associations were observed between daily steps counts and BMI (r = -0.17; p < 0.05) and waist circumference (r = -0.16; p < 0.05); however, step counts was not associated with neck circumference. Daily steps counts were negatively associated with BMI (beta: -0.054; 95%CI: -0.077; -0.012) and waist circumference (-0.098; -0.165; -0.030) independently of age and socioeconomic level. In men, there were significant negative associations between daily steps counts with BMI (-0.075; -0.119; -0.031) and waist circumference (-0.140; -0.233; -0.048), and in women, there was no significant association with either of the body composition indicators. The findings from this study need to be examined in prospective settings that use device-measured from Latin America.
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    Agreement Between Self-Reported and Device-Based Sedentary Time among Eight Countries: Findings from the ELANS
    (2021) Ferrari, Gerson; Werneck, Andre O.; Silva, Danilo R.; Kovalskys, Irina; Gomez, Georgina; Rigotti, Attilio; Cortes, Lilia Yadira; Garcia, Martha Yepez; Liria, Maria; Herrera-Cuenca, Marianella; Zimberg, Iona Zalcman; Guajardo, Viviana; Pratt, Michael; Cristi-Montero, Carlos; Marques, Adilson; Peralta, Miguel; Bolados, Cristian Cofre; Leme, Ana Carolina B.; Rollo, Scott; Fisberg, Mauro
    The purpose of this study was to analyze the agreement between self-reported and device-based sedentary time among eight countries in Latin America. As part of the Latin American Study of Nutrition and Health (ELANS), data were collected from 2524 participants (18-65 years) across eight countries. Participants reported time spent sedentary in different activities (computer use at home, videogame use, reading, sitting down to chat with friends/relatives or listening to music, speaking on the phone, watching TV, and riding in a car). Overall sitting time was assessed using a single item from the International Physical Activity Questionnaire (IPAQ). Device-based sedentary time was assessed using Actigraph GT3X accelerometers. Self-reported overall sitting time (227.1 min/day) produced the lowest values of the three assessment methods, followed by self-reported sum of different types of sedentary behavior (364.1 min/day) and device-based sedentary time (568.6 min/day). Overall, correlation coefficients and ICC varied from weak to moderate (rho: 0.25-0.39; ICC: 0.21:0.39) between self-reported sum of different types of sedentary behavior, self-reported overall sitting time, and device-based sedentary time. The Bland-Altman plots indicated low to moderate agreement between self-reported overall sitting time and device-based sedentary time by sex. Self-report measures underestimate sedentary behavior and overall sitting time when compared with device-based measures. The weak and moderate level of agreement between methods indicates that caution is required when comparing associations between different self-report and device-based measures of sedentary behavior with health outcomes.
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    Are the diferent cut-of points for sitting time associated with excess weight in adults?: a population based study in Latin America
    (2023) Victo, Eduardo Rossato de; Kovalskys, Irina; Fisberg, Mauro; Gómez, Georgina; Rigotti Rivera, Attilio; Cortés, Lilia Y.; Yépez García, Martha; Pareja, Rossina G.; Herrera Cuenca, Marianella; Solé, Dirceu; Drenowatz, Clemens; Marques, Adilson; Ferrari, Gerson
    Background: Excess weight is increasing worldwide, and in Latin America more than half of the population is excess weight. One of the reasons for this increase has been excessive sitting time. Still, it remains to be seen whether there is an excessive amount of that time in Latin American adults. This study aimed to associate different sitting time cut-off points with the excess weight. Methods: Data from the Latin American Study of Nutrition and Health (ELANS), a cross-sectional population-based survey conducted in eight Latin American countries, were used. The excess weight indicators used were body mass index, and waist and neck circumferences. Sitting time was obtained using questionnaires and categorized at different cut-off points. Differences between sitting time categories (< 4 or ≥ 4; < 6 or ≥ 6; and < 8 or ≥ 8 hours/day) and excess weight were obtained by Student’s t test for independent samples and the association between sitting time categories and different indicators of excess weight were obtained by logistic regression. Results: The median of the sitting time was 420 min/day (IQR: 240–600). There were no significant differences between body mass index (kg/m2) and waist circumference (cm) with categories of sitting time. The mean values of neck circumference (cm) were significantly higher in ≥4, ≥6 and ≥ 8 hours/day than < 4, < 6, and < 8 hours/day of sitting time in the pooled sample. Some distinct differences by country were observed. There were significant differences among excess weight by body mass index (63.2% versus 60.8) with < 8 vs ≥8 hours/day of sitting time. The proportion of excess weight by neck circumference was higher in participants who reported ≥4, ≥6, and ≥ 8 hours/day compared to < 4, < 6, and < 8 hours/day of sitting time. Considering ≥8 hours/day of sitting time, higher odds of excess weight were found evaluated by body mass index (OR: 1.10; 95% CI: 1.01, 1.20) and neck circumference (OR: 1.13; CI 95%: 1.03, 1.24) overall. Conclusions: Sitting time above 8 hours/day was associated with higher odds of excess weight, even though there were no differences in waist circumference between sitting time categories.
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    Association between Active Transportation and Public Transport with an Objectively Measured Meeting of Moderate-to-Vigorous Physical Activity and Daily Steps Guidelines in Adults by Sex from Eight Latin American Countries
    (2021) Herreros-Irarrazabal, Diego; Guzman-Habinger, Juan; Mahecha Matsudo, Sandra; Kovalskys, Irina; Gomez, Georgina; Rigotti, Attilio; Cortes, Lilia Yadira; Garcia, Martha Cecilia Yepez; Pareja, Rossina G.; Herrera-Cuenca, Marianella; Farias-Valenzuela, Claudio; Marques, Adilson; Leme, Ana Carolina B.; Fisberg, Mauro; Drenowatz, Clemens; Ferrari, Gerson
    This study aimed to examine the associations between active transportation and public transport and the objectively measured meeting of moderate-to-vigorous physical activity (MVPA) and steps per day guidelines in adults by sex from eight Latin American countries. As part of the Latin American Study of Nutrition and Health (ELANS), data were collected from 2524 participants aged 18-65 years. MVPA and steps per day were evaluated using Actigraph GT3X accelerometers. The mode of transportation, its frequency and duration were collected using a self-reported questionnaire. The average time dedicated to active transportation was 12.8 min/day in men (IQR: 2.8-30.0) and 12.9 min/day in women (IQR: 4.3-25.7). A logistic regression analysis was conducted, showing that active transportation (>= 10 min) was associated with higher odds of meeting MVPA guidelines (men: OR: 2.01; 95%CI: 1.58-2.54; women: OR: 1.57; 95%CI: 1.25-1.96). These results show a greater association when considering active transportation plus public transport (men: OR: 2.98; 95%CI: 2.31-3.91; women: OR: 1.82; 95%CI: 1.45-2.29). Active transportation plus public transport was positively associated with meeting steps per day guidelines only in men (OR: 1.55; 95%CI: 1.15-2.10). This study supports the suggestion that active transportation plus public transport is significantly associated with meeting the MVPA and daily steps recommendations.
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    Association between Perceived Neighborhood Built Environment and Walking and Cycling for Transport among Inhabitants from Latin America : The ELANS Study
    (2020) Ferrari, Gerson; Oliveira Werneck, A.; Rodrigues da Silva, D.; Kovalskys, Irina; Gómez, Georgina; Rigotti Rivera, Attilio; Cortés Sanabria, L. Y.; Yépez García, M. C.; Pareja, Rossina G.; Herrera Cuenca, M.; Zimberg, I. Z.; Guajardo, V.; Pratt, M.; Cofre Bolados, C.; Jofré Saldia, E.; Pires, C.; Marques, A.; Peralta, M.; Victo, Eduardo Rossato de; Fisberg, Mauro
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    Breakfast in Latin America: Evaluation of Nutrient and Food Group Intake Toward a Nutrient-Based Recommendation
    (2022) Kovalskys, Irina; Fisberg, Mauro; Previdelli, Agatha Nogueira; Pereira, Jaqueline Lopes; Zimberg, Iona Zalcman; Guajardo, Viviana; Fisberg, Regina; Ferrari, Gerson; Gomez, Georgina; Rigotti, Attilio; Cortes Sanabria, Lilia Y.; Yepez Garcia, Martha C.; Herrera-Cuenca, Marianella; Liria Dominguez, Maria Reyna
    Background Little is known about breakfast habits of the Latin American (LA) population to support nutritional recommendations for a balanced breakfast in this region.
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    Co-Occurrence and Clustering of Sedentary Behaviors, Diet, Sugar-Sweetened Beverages, and Alcohol Intake among Adolescents and Adults: The Latin American Nutrition and Health Study (ELANS)
    (2021) B. Leme, Ana Carolina; Ferrari, Gerson; Fisberg, Regina M.; Kovalskys, Irina; Gomez, Georgina; Cortes, Lilia Yadira; Yepez Garcia, Martha Cecilia; Herrera-Cuenca, Marianella; Rigotti, Attilo; Liria-Dominguez, Maria Reyna; Fisberg, Mauro
    Poor diet, sedentary behaviors, sugar-sweetened beverages (SSB) and alcohol intake seem to co-exist in complex ways that are not well understood. The aim of this study was to provide an understanding of the extent to which unhealthy behaviors cluster in eight Latin America countries. A secondary aim was to identify socio-demographic characteristics associated with these behaviors by country. Data from adolescents and adults from the "Latin American Health and Nutrition Study" was used and the prevalence of screen-time, occupational and transportation-sedentary time, socializing with friends, poor diet, SSB and alcohol intake, alone and in combination, were identified. The eight Latin America (LA) countries added to analyses were: Argentina, Brazil, Chile, Colombia, Costa Rica, Ecuador, Peru, and Venezuela. Logistic regression was used to estimate associations between >= 2 behaviors clustering, socio-demographics and weight status. Among 9218 individuals, the most prevalent behaviors were transportation and occupation-sedentary time, SSB and alcohol intake. Younger, female, married/living with a partner, low and middle-income and obese individuals had higher chances for these clustering behaviors. These results provide a multi-country level of understanding of the extent to which behaviors co-occur in the LA population.
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    Comparison of self-report versus accelerometer - measured physical activity and sedentary behaviors and their association with body composition in Latin American countries
    (2020) Ferrari, Gerson; Kovalskys, Irina; Fisberg, Mauro; Gómez, Georgina; Rigotti Rivera, Attilio; Sanabria, L. Y. C.; Yépez García, Martha; Torres, R. G. P; Herrera Cuenca, Marianella; Zimberg, I.Z.; Guajardo, V.; Pratt, M.; Pires, C. A. M.; Colley, R. C.; Solé, Dirceu
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    Correlation between Neck Circumference and Other Anthropometric Measurements in Eight Latin American Countries. Results from ELANS Study
    (2021) Liria-Dominguez, Reyna; Perez-Albela, Marcela; Vasquez, Maria-Paz; Gomez, Georgina; Kovalskys, Irina; Fisberg, Mauro; Cortes, Lilia Yadira; Yepez Garcia, Martha Cecilia; Herrera-Cuenca, Marianella; Rigotti, Attilio; Ferrari, Gerson; Pareja, Rossina G.
    Neck circumference (NC) is being used to identify the risk of chronic diseases. There is a high prevalence of overweight and obesity in Latin America, and neck circumference is a simple and practical measurement to assess this, especially in primary health centers. We analyzed the correlation between the NC anthropometric indicator and other anthropometric measurements such as BMI and waist circumference (WC) in eight Latin American cities. We applied Pearson's correlation to identify the correlate NC with the other anthropometric variables stratified by sex; the sensitivity (Se) and specificity (Sp) by sex were evaluated according to the cut-off established with the Youden Index. The strongest correlations between NC and WC were found when stratified by sex (women: r = 0.71; men: r = 0.69, respectively) followed by the correlation between NC and BMI (r = 0.65, both sex). NC cut-off points of 39.0 cm in men and 32.9 cm in women identified those individuals with an increased WC and 39.8 and 33.7 cm, respectively, for a substantial increase in WC. For BMI & GE; 25.0 kg/m(2) for men, the cut-off point was 37.5 cm, and for women, it was 33.1 cm, and for BMI & GE; 30 kg/m(2), the cut-off points were 39.2 and 34.2 cm, for men and women, respectively. Conclusion: NC proved to be a useful, practical, and inexpensive tool that can be used to identify, evaluate, and monitor overweight and obese individuals.
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    Energy imbalance gap was associated with body mass index and sex in Latin American adolescents-results from the ELANS study
    (2024) Hernandez, Pablo; Herrera-Cuenca, Marianella; Ferrari, Gerson; Almeida, Rafaela Yepez; Garcia, Martha Cecilia Yepez; Caceres, Monica Villar; Sanabria, Lilia Yadira Cortes; Sifontes, Yaritza; Landaeta-Jimenez, Maritza; Gomez, Georgina; Monge-Rojas, Rafael; Pareja, Rossina G.; Rigotti, Attilio; Kovalskys, Irina; Fisberg, Mauro
    Introduction Energy imbalance gap (EIG) is defined as the average daily difference between energy intake (EI) and energy expenditure (EE). This study aimed to examine the associations between EIG and sociodemographic and anthropometric variables in the adolescent population of eight Latin America countries. Methods A total of 680 adolescents aged 15 to 18 were included in this study. The estimation of EI was based on two non-consecutive 24-h dietary recalls. EE was predicted from Schofield equations using physical activity level obtained through the long version of the International Physical Activity Questionnaire. Sociodemographic data and anthropometric measurements were also obtained. A descriptive analysis and multilevel linear regression models were used to examine associations between variables. Results The mean EI, EE, and EIG were 2091.3 kcal, 2067.8 kcal, and 23.5 kcal, respectively. Argentina had the highest EI and EIG, whereas Chile had the lowest EI and EIG. Males had a higher EI (2262.4 kcal) and EE (2172.2 kcal) than females (1930.1 kcal and 2084.5 kcal), respectively (p < 0.05). Overweight subjects had a lower EIG than did underweight and normal-weight subjects (p < 0.05). Subjects with low socioeconomic status (SES) had a lower EE (2047.0 kcal) than those with a high SES (2164.2 kcal) (p < 0.05). Conclusion Sex and BMI were associated with EIG in adolescents from Latin America.
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    Energy Imbalance Gap, Anthropometric Measures, Lifestyle, and Sociodemographic Correlates in Latin American Adults-Results from the ELANS Study
    (2022) Yepez Garcia, Martha Cecilia; Herrera-Cuenca, Marianella; Ferrari, Gerson; Sanabria, Lilia Yadira Cortes; Hernandez, Pablo; Almeida, Rafaela Yepez; Villar Caceres, Monica; Gomez, Georgina; Pareja, Rossina; Rigotti, Attilio; Kovalskys, Irina; Fisberg, Mauro
    Overweight and obesity are often explained by an imbalance between energy intake and expenditure. This, in addition to metabolic effects, makes it difficult to assess the real state of individual energy balance. This study aims to analyze the energy gaps between intake and expenditure in the adult population of Latin America, as well as its relationships with sociodemographic variables and nutrition status, to draw an epidemiological perspective based on the trends observed. The energy imbalance gap was used to this end. The difference between energy intake and expenditure can be applied as a reference to explain whether weight equilibrium can prevent weight gain. Moreover, the energy imbalance gap allows for a better understanding of the design of public health policies. Using data from the Latin American Study of Nutrition and Health, the energy imbalance gap in adult population from eight Latin-American countries was assessed in 5994 subjects aged from 19-65. Usual dietary intake was measured using two non-consecutive 24 h dietary recalls. The sociodemographic questionnaire was supplemented by anthropometric measurements. Physical activity was measured through the long International Physical Activity Questionnaire. Energy expenditure was obtained using the basal metabolic rate. For the overall sample, the mean energy intake was 1939.1 kcal (95% CI: 1926.9; 1951.3), the mean of energy expenditure was 1915.7 kcal (95% CI: 1906.4; 1924.9), and the mean of energy imbalance gap was 23.4 kcal (95% CI: 11.9; 35.0). Results show that energy intake and expenditure were higher in men. Moreover, subjects aged 19-34, of high socioeconomic level, who completed high school, were mestizos and were of normal weight consumed the highest number of calories. Overall, a positive energy imbalance gap was observed. Overweight and obese from Argentina, Costa Rica, Ecuador, Peru, and Venezuela showed a significantly lower energy imbalance gap than underweight subjects. These findings confirm the high variability of energy imbalance gap and the accompanying correlates of energy intake and expenditure. Further research is needed to specifically address interventions in low and middle-income countries such as many in Latin America, to help reduce the prevalence of obesity and eradicate undernutrition.
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    Exploring the FAO Minimum Dietary Diversity Indicator as a Suitable Proxy of Micronutrient Adequacy in Men and Women Across Reproductive and Non-reproductive Ages in 8 Latin American Countries
    (2024) Gomez, Georgina; Monge-Rojas, Rafael; Vargas-Quesada, Rulaman; Previdelli, Agatha Nogueira; Quesada, Dayana; Kovalskys, Irina; Herrera-Cuenca, Marianella; Cortes, Lilia Yadira; Garcia, Martha Cecilia Yepez; Liria-Dominguez, Reyna; Rigotti, Attilio; Fisberg, Regina Mara; Ferrari, Gerson; Fisberg, Mauro; Brenes, Juan C.
    Background: Women's Dietary Diversity Score (WDDS) is an indicator of dietary diversity, a key component of diet quality in women of reproductive age (WRA). Limited information is available regarding its applicability in other population groups.Objective: To examine the ability of the Minimum Dietary Diversity for Women (MDD-W) of 5-food groups cutoff to predict micronutrient adequacy in men and women 15 to 65 years old from 8 Latin American countries.Methods: We used a 24-hour recall from 9216 participants in the Latin American Study on Nutrition and Health (ELANS) to determine Dietary Diversity Score (DDS) based on the consumption of 10 food groups. The Mean Probability of Adequacy (MPA) was associated with DDS for the overall sample, for men, WRA, and women of nonreproductive age (WNRA). Sensitivity and specificity analyses were performed to determine if the 5-food groups cutoff point for MDD can be used to correctly identify men, WRA, and WNRA with adequate micronutrient adequacy (MPA >= 0.70).Results: We found a mean DDS of 4.78 +/- 1.33 and an MPA of 0.64 +/- 0.16, with 59% of participants showing a diverse diet (DDS >= 5). The 5-food groups-cutoff point showed a better balance between sensitivity and specificity predicting an MPA >= 0.70 in men, WRA, and WNRA. MPA was significantly associated with DDS in WRA and for men and WNRA, as well.Conclusion: The 5-food group MDD, originally intended to be used in WRA, performed equally well in predicting MPA >= 0.70 in men, WRA, and WNRA, and can be used as a proxy of micronutrient adequacy in Latin American population.
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    Food Sources of Shortfall Nutrients among Latin Americans: Results from the Latin American Study of Health and Nutrition (ELANS)
    (2021) Barco Leme, Ana Carolina; Fisberg, Regina Mara; Veroneze de Mello, Aline; Sales, Cristiane Hermes; Ferrari, Gerson; Haines, Jess; Rigotti, Attilo; Gomez, Georgina; Kovalskys, Irina; Cortes Sanabria, Lilia Yadira; Herrera-Cuenca, Marianella; Yepez Garcia, Martha Cecilia; Pareja, Rossina G.; Fisberg, Mauro
    Increased consumption of energy-dense, nutrient-poor foods can lead to inadequate intakes of shortfall nutrients, including vitamin A, D, C, and E, dietary folate, calcium, iron, magnesium, potassium, and fiber. The objective was to examine the prevalence of inadequate intake of shortfall nutrients and identify food sources of shortfall nutrients in eight Latin American countries. Data from ELANS, a multi-country, population-based study of 9218 adolescents and adults were used. Dietary intake was collected through two 24 h Recalls from participants living in urban areas of Argentina, Brazil, Chile, Colombia, Ecuador, Peru, and Venezuela. Foods and beverages were classified using the adapted version of the NHANES "What We Eat in America" system. Nutrients inadequacy was estimated using the Institute of Medicine recommendations and descriptive statistics were calculated. Prevalence of inadequacy was above 50% for most of the nutrients, which the exception of vitamin C with a prevalence of inadequacy of 39%. Milk, cheese, seafoods, breads, and fruit juices/drinks were among the top 5 sources for each of the 10 shortfall nutrients examined. Many food categories were top contributors to more than one dietary component examined. Understanding the nutrient intake and food sources can help inform dietary guidance and intervention approaches.
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    Meeting 24-h movement guidelines and markers of adiposity in adults from eight Latin America countries: the ELANS study
    (2022) Ferrari, Gerson; Cristi-Montero, Carlos; Drenowatz, Clemens; Kovalskys, Irina; Gomez, Georgina; Rigotti, Attilio; Cortes, Lilia Yadira; Yepez Garcia, Martha; Liria-Dominguez, Maria Reyna; Herrera-Cuenca, Marianella; Peralta, Miguel; Marques, Adilson; Marconcin, Priscila; da Costa, Roberto Fernandes; Leme, Ana Carolina B.; Farias-Valenzuela, Claudio; Ferrero-Hernandez, Paloma; Fisberg, Mauro
    This study aimed to compare compliance with 24-h movement guidelines across countries and examine the associations with markers of adiposity in adults from eight Latin American countries. The sample consisted of 2338 adults aged 18-65 years. Moderate-to-vigorous physical activity (MVPA) and sedentary behavior (SB) data were objectively measured using accelerometers. Sleep duration was self-reported using a daily log. Body mass index and waist circumference were assessed as markers of adiposity. Meeting the 24-h movement guidelines was defined as >= 150 min/week of MVPA; <= 8 h/day of SB; and between 7 and 9 h/day of sleep. The number of guidelines being met was 0.90 (95% CI 0.86, 0.93) with higher value in men than women. We found differences between countries. Meeting two and three movement guidelines was associated with overweight/obesity (OR: 0.75, 95% CI 0.58, 0.97 and OR: 0.69, 95% CI 0.51, 0.85, respectively) and high waist circumference (OR: 0.74, 95% CI 0.56, 0.97 and OR: 0.77, 95% CI 0.62, 0.96). Meeting MVPA and SB recommendations were related to reduced adiposity markers but only in men. Future research is needed to gain insights into the directionality of the associations between 24-h movement guidelines compliance and markers of adiposity but also the mechanisms underlying explaining differences between men and women.
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    Non-communicable diseases deaths attributable to high body mass index in Chile
    (2021) Riquelme, Ricardo; Rezende, Leandro F. M.; Guzman-Habinger, Juan; Chavez, Javiera L.; Celis-Morales, Carlos; Ferreccio, Catterina; Ferrari, Gerson
    We estimated the proportion and number of deaths from non-communicable diseases (NCD) attributable to high body mass index (BMI) in Chile in 2018. We used data from 5927 adults from a 2016-2017 Chilean National Health Survey to describe the distribution of BMI. We obtained the number of deaths from NCD from the Ministry of Health. Relative risks (RR) and 95% confidence intervals per 5 units higher BMI for cardiovascular disease, cancer, and respiratory disease were retrieved from the Global BMI Mortality Collaboration meta-analyses. The prevalences of overweight and obesity were 38.9% and 39.1%, respectively. We estimated that reducing population-wide BMI to a theoretical minimum risk exposure level (mean BMI: 22.0 kg/m(2); standard deviation: 1) could prevent approximately 21,977 deaths per year (95%CI 13,981-29,928). These deaths represented about 31.6% of major NCD deaths (20.1-43.1) and 20.4% of all deaths (12.9-27.7) that occurred in 2018. Most of these preventable deaths were from cardiovascular diseases (11,474 deaths; 95% CI 7302-15,621), followed by cancer (5597 deaths; 95% CI 3560-7622) and respiratory disease (4906 deaths; 95% CI 3119-6684). A substantial burden of NCD deaths was attributable to high BMI in Chile. Policies and population-wide interventions are needed to reduce the burden of NCD due to high BMI in Chile.
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    Perceived neighborhood built environment and physical activity in urban population in Chile
    (2025) Fuentes Kloss, Rodrigo; Cerda Lorca, Jaime; Rigotti Rivera, Attilio; Fierro Saldaña, Belén; Rossato de Victo, Eduardo; Ferrari, Gerson
    Background Various indicators of neighborhood environmental perceptions are differently associated with physical activity (PA) domains, with notable variations by sex. However, few studies in Latin America have examined these associations across distinct PA domains. In this study, we analyzed the relationship between neighborhood environmental perceptions and PA in the domains of transportation and leisure among Chilean adults. Methods This cross-sectional analytical study included 770 participants from the 2014–2016 Latin American Nutrition and Health Survey (ELANS). Perceptions of land use diversity, access to land use, street connectivity, walking and cycling infrastructure, aesthetics, safety from crime, and neighborhood traffic were assessed using the Neighborhood Environment Walkability Scale-Abbreviated (NEWS-A) questionnaire. PA was measured with the International Physical Activity Questionnaire-Long Form (IPAQ-LF), focusing on the transportation and leisure-time domains. Logistic regression and multiple linear regression models were used for the analysis. Results Logistic regression analysis in men showed no association between neighborhood characteristics and PA in the transportation or leisure-time domains. However, for women, greater perception of facilities for walking or cycling was inversely associated with transportation PA (OR: 0.62; 95%CI: 0.42;0.92). In the multiple linear regression analysis, higher perceived traffic safety was associated with greater PA (min/week) for both transportation (β: 0.098; 95%CI: 0.005;0.192) and leisure time (β: 0.160, 95%CI: 0.012;0.309). For men, higher scores for perceived access to land use were inversely associated with leisure-time PA (β: -0.150, 95%CI: -0.266;-0.034). Conclusions Different perceived neighborhood characteristics are associated with PA across various domains, with notable gender differences. A better perceived condition of traffic safety would promote urban population to engage in more transportation and leisure-time PA. Clinical trial number ClinicalTrials.Gov NCT02226627. Retrospectively registered on August 27, 2014. Trial registration ClinicalTrials.Gov NCT02226627. Retrospectively registered on August 27, 2014.
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    Perceived Neighborhood Safety and Active Transportation in Adults from Eight Latin American Countries
    (2022) Castillo-Paredes, Antonio; Iglesias, Beatriz; Farias-Valenzuela, Claudio; Kovalskys, Irina; Gomez, Georgina; Rigotti, Attilio; Yadira Cortes, Lilia; Yepez Garcia, Martha Cecilia; Pareja, Rossina G.; Herrera-Cuenca, Marianella; Fisberg, Mauro; Drenowatz, Clemens; Ferrero-Hernandez, Paloma; Ferrari, Gerson
    Neighborhood built environment is associated with domain-specific physical activity. However, few studies with representative samples have examined the association between perceived neighborhood safety indicators and domain-specific active transportation in Latin America. This study aimed to examine the associations of perceived neighborhood safety with domain-specific active transportation in adults from eight Latin American countries. Data were obtained from the Latin American Study of Nutrition and Health (n = 8547, aged 18-65). Active transportation (walking and cycling) was assessed using the long form of the International Physical Activity Questionnaire. Specifically, traffic density and speed as well as street lightening, visibility of residents regarding pedestrians and bicyclists, traffic lights and crosswalks, safety of public spaces during the day and at night, crime rate during the day and at night were used to evaluate perceived neighborhood safety. Slow traffic speeds, unsafe public spaces during the day, and crime during the day were associated with >= 10 min/week vs. <10 min/week of walking. Furthermore, drivers exceeding the speed limit and crime rate during the day were associated with reporting >= 10 min/week vs. <10 min/week of cycling. These results indicate a stronger association of the perceived neighborhood safety with walking compared to cycling.
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    Perceived Urban Environment Attributes and Device-Measured Physical Activity in Latin America: An 8-Nation Study
    (2022) Ferrari, Gerson; Werneck, Andre O.; Silva, Danilo R.; Kovalskys, Irina; Gomez, Georgina; Rigotti, Attilio; Cortes, Lilia Y.; Yepez Garcia, Martha Cecilia; Liria-Dominguez, Maria R.; Herrera-Cuenca, Marianella; Pratt, Michael; Marques, Adilson; Van Dyck, Delfien; Leme, Ana Carolina B.; Fisberg, Mauro
    Introduction: Attributes of the neighborhood-built environment are associated with self-reported physical activity, but only a few studies have concentrated on device-measured physical activity in Latin America. This study examines the associations of perceived neighborhood-built environment attributes, device-measured sedentary time, and light-intensity and moderate-to-vigorous physical activity in adults from 8 Latin American countries.