Browsing by Author "Ferreccio, C"
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- ItemArsenic exposure from drinking water and birth weight(LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS, 2003) Hopenhayn, C; Ferreccio, C; Browning, SR; Huang, B; Peralta, C; Gibb, H; Hertz Picciotto, IBackground: Arsenic exposures front drinking water increase the risk of various cancers and noncancer health endpoints. Limited evidence suggests that arsenic may have adverse human reproductive effects. We investigated the association between drinking water arsenic exposure and fetal growth, as manifest in birth weight.
- ItemArsenic-related cancer mortality in Northern Chile, 1989-98(LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS, 2004) Bates, M; Marshall, G; Ferreccio, C; Smith, A
- ItemChildhood exposure to arsenic in water in Chile and increased mortality from chronic pulmonary disease(LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS, 2005) Smith, AH; Marshall, G; Yuan, Y; Ferreccio, C; Liaw, J; von Ehrenstein, O; Steinmaus, C
- ItemFollow-up care of women with an abnormal cytology in a low-resource setting(ELSEVIER SCI LTD, 2003) Gage, JC; Ferreccio, C; Gonzales, M; Arroyo, R; Huivin, M; Robles, SCStudy purpose: We ascertained the follow-up care after an abnormal cytology (Papanicolaou) screening in the San Martin region of Peru and assessed the status of women who had not received adequate care. Basic procedures: We identified women with an abnormal cytology and assessed their medical records, laboratory registries, death certificates and interviewed them at home. Re-screening, diagnosis and treatment were offered. Main findings: Only 46 (25%) of the 183 women identified received appropriate follow-up care. At re-screening 31 (34%) had a normal result, 9 (10%) were diagnosed with CIN1 and 50 (56%) had CIN2 or worse. Principal conclusions: In this setting, follow-up care after an abnormal cytology was very poor and could explain the lack of impact of cervical cancer screening Women with an abnormal cytology constitute a high-risk group that should be a priority for health services. (C) 2003 International Society for Preventive Oncology. Published by Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
- ItemPopulation-based prevalence and age distribution of human papillomavirus among women in Santiago, Chile(AMER ASSOC CANCER RESEARCH, 2004) Ferreccio, C; Prado, RB; Luzoro, AV; Ampuero, SL; Snijders, PJF; Meijer, CJLM; Vaccarella, SV; Jara, AT; Puschel, KI; Robles, SC; Herrero, R; Franceschi, SF; Ojeda, JMMore than 18 types of human papillomavirus (HPV) are associated with cervical cancer, the relative importance of the HPV types may vary in different populations.
- ItemPrevalence of Epstein Barr virus infection in healthy individuals in Santiago, Chile(SOC MEDICA SANTIAGO, 1995) Ferres, M; Prado, P; Ovalle, J; Fuentes, R; Villarroel, L; Ferreccio, C; Vial, PTo study the rate of infection by Epstein Barr virus (EBV) in Santiago, Chile, the prevalence of antibody to the viral capsid antigen (VCA-lgG) was determined in a group of 663 healthy individuals grouped by age and socioeconomic level (SEL). In addition, several risk factors for infection were studied. VCA-lgG was determined by ELISA. The total prevalence was 76,7%. When grouped by age and SEL, 50% of the children from low and medium SEL had been already infected by the age two, compared to 5,9% in the high SEL (p<0.01). However, by age twenty, 90% of the total sample had already specific antibodies to EBV. Age and number of household members were positively associated with the infection. High socioeconomic level represented a delay factor in the acquisition of the virus, (p<0.01). These results show that EBV infection is frequent in Santiago, occurring early in childhood among medium and low SEL. Hence, the classical infectious mononucleosis should be recognized more frequently among adolescents and young adults belonging to high SEL, while the clinical spectrum of associated manifestations different from the typical mononucleosis syndrome should be investigated among these exposed in early age.
- ItemProfile of urinary arsenic metabolites during pregnancy(US DEPT HEALTH HUMAN SCIENCES PUBLIC HEALTH SCIENCE, 2003) Hopenhayn, C; Huang, B; Christian, J; Peralta, C; Ferreccio, C; Atallah, R; Kalman, DChronic exposure to inorganic arsenic (In-As) from drinking water is associated with different health effects, including skin, lung, bladder, and kidney cancer as well as vascular and possibly reproductive effects. In-As is metabolized through the process of methylation, resulting in the production and excretion of methylated species, mainly monomethylarsenate (MMA) and dimethylarsenate (DMA). Because a large percentage of the dose is excreted in urine, the distribution of urinary In-As, MMA, and DMA is considered a useful indicator of methylation patterns in human populations. Several factors affect these patterns, including sex and exposure level. In this study, we investigated the profile of urinary in-As, MMA, and DMA of pregnant women. Periodic urine samples were collected from early to late pregnancy among 29 pregnant women living in Antofagasta, Chile, who drank tap water containing 40 mug/L In-As. The total urinary arsenic across four sampling periods increased with increasing weeks of gestation, from an initial mean value of 36.1 to a final value of 54.3 mug/L. This increase was mainly due to an increase in DMA, resulting in lower percentages of In-As and MMA and a higher percentage of DMA. Our findings indicate that among women exposed to moderate arsenic from drinking water during pregnancy, changes occur in the pattern of urinary arsenic excretion and metabolite distribution. The toxicologic significance of this is not dear, given recent evidence suggesting that intermediate methylated species may be highly toxic. Nevertheless, this study suggests that arsenic metabolism changes throughout the course of pregnancy, which in turn may have toxicologic effects on the developing fetus.
- ItemSexual behavior, condom use, and human papillomavirus: Pooled analysis of the IARC human papillomavirus prevalence surveys(AMER ASSOC CANCER RESEARCH, 2006) Vaccarella, S; Franceschi, S; Herrero, R; Munioz, N; Snijders, PJF; Clifford, GM; Smith, JS; Lazcano Ponce, E; Sukvirach, S; Shin, HR; de Sanjose, S; Molano, M; Matos, E; Ferreccio, C; Anh, PTH; Thomas, JO; Meijer, CJLM; IARC HPV Prevelence Surveys StudyHuman papillomavirus (HPV) is a sexually transmitted infection but it is unclear whether differences in transmission efficacy exist between individual HPV types. Information on sexual behavior was collected from 11 areas in four continents among population-based, age-stratified random samples of women of ages >= 5 years. HPV testing was done using PCR-based enzyme immunoassay. Unconditional logistic regression was used to estimate odds ratios (OR) of being HPV positive and corresponding 95% confidence intervals (95% CI). Variables were analyzed categorically. When more than two groups were compared, floating confidence intervals were estimated by treating ORs as floating absolute risks. A total of 11,337 women (mean age, 41.9 years) were available. We confirmed that lifetime number of sexual partners is associated with HPV positivity (OR for >= 2 versus 1, 1.86; 95% CI, 1.63-2.11) but the association was not a linear one for HPV18,31, and 33 (i.e., no clear increase for >= 3 versus 2 sexual partners). Women who had multiple-type infection and highrisk HPV type infection reported a statistically nonsignificant higher number of sexual partners than women who had single-type and low-risk type infections, respectively. Early age at sexual debut was not significantly related to HPV positivity. Husband's extramarital sexual relationships were associated with an OR of 1.45 (95% CI, 1.24-1.70) for HPV positivity in their wives after adjustment for age and lifetime number of women's sexual partners. We did not observe a significant association with condom use. Our study showed an effect of both women's and their husbands' sexual behavior on HPV positivity. Furthermore, it suggests some differences in the pattern of the association between sexual behavior and different HPV types.
- ItemWorldwide distribution of human papillomavirus types in cytologically normal women in the international Agency for Research on Cancer HPV prevalence surveys: a pooled analysis(ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC, 2005) Clifford, GM; Gallus, S; Herrero, R; Munoz, N; Snijders, PJF; Vaccarella, S; Anh, PTH; Ferreccio, C; Hieu, NT; Matos, E; Molano, M; Rajkumar, R; Ronco, G; de Sanjose, S; Shin, HR; Sukvirach, S; Thomas, JO; Tunsakul, S; Meijer, CJLM; Franceschi, S; IARC HPV Prevalence Surveys StudyBackground The proportion of women infected with human papillomavirus (HPV) varies greatly across populations, as might the distribution of HPV types. We aimed to compare HPV-type distribution in representative samples of women from different world regions.