Browsing by Author "Gaete, Jorge"

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    Consumo de tabaco y alcohol en adolescentes de 10 a 14 años de la ciudad de San Felipe, Chile: prevalencia y factores asociados
    (2016) Gaete, Jorge; Olivares, Esterbina; Rojas Barahona, Cristian A.; Rengifo, Manuel José; Labbé, Nicolás; Lepe, Leticia; Silva, Magdalena; Yáñez, Cynthia; Chen, Mei Yen
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    Factores asociados a conductas promotoras de salud en adolescentes chilenos
    (2014) Gaete, Jorge; Olivares, Esterbina; Rojas Barahona, Cristian A.; Labbe, Nicolas; Rengifo, Manuel; Silva, Magdalena; Lepe, Leticia; Yanez, Cynthia; Chen, Mei-Yen
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    Mental health among children and adolescents : Construct validity, reliability, and parent-adolescent agreement on the ‘Strengths and Difficulties Questionnaire’ in Chile
    (2018) Gaete, Jorge; Montero-Marin, Jesus; Valenzuela, Daniela; Rojas Barahona, Cristian A.; Olivares, Esterbina; Araya, Ricardo
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    Parental practices and their association with alcohol and cannabis use among adolescents in Chile
    (2023) Libuy, Nicolas; Guajardo, Viviana; Ibanez, Carlos; Araneda, Ana Maria; Contreras, Lorena; Donoso, Paula; Gaete, Jorge; Mundt, Adrian P.
    BackgroundAdolescent alcohol and cannabis use are common in Chile. The present study aimed to assess the relationship between perceived parenting practices and alcohol and cannabis use among adolescents in a Latin American context.MethodsWe adapted and implemented a substance use prevention strategy in Chile, which included surveys of tenth-grade students from six municipalities in the Metropolitan Region of Greater Santiago. We assessed the reliability and factorial structure of the parenting scale with 16 items, which formed part of the survey. We dichotomized parenting scores into high (above the median) and low. The association of parenting practices with alcohol and cannabis use in adolescents was assessed using multivariate multilevel regression models.ResultsA total of 7,538 tenth-grade students from 118 schools were included in the study. The 16-item scale of parenting practices showed good internal consistency (Omega total = 0.84), and three factors representing Relationship between parents and adolescents, Norms and monitoring, and Parents knowing their children's friends and the parents of their children's friends. High total scores of parenting were associated with lower odds of lifetime alcohol use (OR 0.57; 95% CI: 0.49-0.65), past-month alcohol use (OR 0.63; 95% CI: 0.57-0.70), lifetime drunkenness (OR 0.64; 95% CI: 0.58-0.72), and lifetime cannabis use (OR 0.54; 95% CI: 0.47-0.61). Above median scores on each parenting subscale were associated with significantly lower odds of substance use. The strongest associations were observed for the subscale Norms and monitoring. Interactions between parenting and gender showed a significantly stronger effect of parenting practices on alcohol and cannabis use among girls.ConclusionDifferent types of parenting practices were associated with a lower prevalence of adolescent alcohol and cannabis use. Improving parenting practices has the potential to prevent adolescent substance use in Chile, especially among girls.
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    Polydrug Use and Co-occurring Substance Use Disorders in a Respondent Driven Sampling of Cocaine Base Paste Users in Santiago, Chile
    (2022) Olivari, Carla F.; Gaete, Jorge; Rodriguez, Nicolas; Pizarro, Esteban; Del Villar, Paloma; Calvo, Esteban; Castillo-Carniglia, Alvaro
    We characterized substance use patterns and co-occurring substance use disorders among active cocaine base paste (CBP) users in Santiago, Chile using data from respondent-driven sampling (RDS) in three areas of Metropolitan Santiago. Recruitment began with nine seeds, reaching 398 active CBP users (18% women; mean age 37.7 years), defined as persons consuming CBP at least twice per week in the last three months. Population proportions and uncertainty were estimated accounting for individuals' social network and homophily. The median CBP age of initiation was 21 years, and the median number of years using CBP was 7 for women and 15 for men. The median days of use in the past month was 25 days, with a median of 56 doses per week. The proportion of monthly income spent on CBP was 65%. The prevalence of substance use disorders (SUDs) were: 98% for CBP, 67% for alcohol, 60% for marijuana, and 41% for cocaine hydrochloride. Heavy polydrug use patterns and co-occurring SUDs are frequent among active CBP users in the metropolitan area of Santiago. Traditional surveillance strategies may have underestimated polysubstance use and co-occurring SUDs in active CBP users. RDS proved to be a feasible methodology that could be effectively used for substance use surveillance among hard-to-reach populations.
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    Substance Use among Adolescents Involved in Bullying: A Cross-Sectional Multilevel Study
    (2017) Gaete, Jorge; Tornero, Bernardita; Valenzuela, Daniela; Rojas Barahona, Cristian A.; Salmivalli, Christina; Valenzuela Abarca, Eduardo; Araya, Ricardo
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    Treatment outcome and readmission risk among women in women-only versus mixed-gender drug treatment programs in Chile
    (2022) Olivari, Carla F. F.; Cruz, Andres Gonzales-Santa M.; Mauro, Pia M. S.; Martins, Silvia S.; Sapag, Jaime; Gaete, Jorge; Cerda, Magdalena; Castillo-Carniglia, Alvaro
    Introduction: Traditional treatment programs for substance use disorder (SUD) tend to be male-dominated en-vironments, which can negatively affect women's access to treatment and related outcomes. Women's specific treatment needs have led some providers to develop women-only SUD treatment programs in several countries. In Chile, women-only programs were only fully implemented in 2010. We compared treatment outcomes and readmission risk for adult women admitted to state-funded women-only versus mixed-gender SUD treatment programs in Chile.
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