Browsing by Author "Gaete Carrasco, Marcia"

Now showing 1 - 12 of 12
  • Thumbnail Image
    Item
    Balance Between Tooth Size and Tooth Number Is Controlled by Hyaluronan
    (2020) Sánchez Otayza, Natalia Alejandra; González Ramírez, María Constanza; Contreras, E. G.; Ubilla, A.; Li, J. J.; Valencia, A.; Wilson, A.; Green, Jeremy B. A.; Tucker, A. S.; Gaete Carrasco, Marcia
  • Thumbnail Image
    Item
    Common origin tendon of the biceps femoris and semitendinosus muscles, functional and clinical relevance
    (2020) Farfán C., Emilio; Gaete Carrasco, Marcia; Ramón, O. V.; Rodríguez Baeza, A.
  • Thumbnail Image
    Item
    Comparing development and regeneration in the submandibular gland highlights distinct mechanisms
    (2021) Chatzeli, Lemonia; Teshima, Tathyane H. N.; Hajihosseini, Mohammad K.; Gaete Carrasco, Marcia; Proctor, Gordon B.; Tucker, Abigail S.
  • Thumbnail Image
    Item
    Dynamic relationship of the epithelium and mesenchyme during salivary gland initiation : the role of Fgf10
    (2013) Wells, Kirsty L.; Gaete Carrasco, Marcia; Matalova, Eva; Deutsch, Danny; Rice, David; Tucker, Abigail S.
  • Thumbnail Image
    Item
    Epithelial topography for repetitive tooth formation
    (2015) Gaete Carrasco, Marcia; Fons, Juan Manuel; Popa, Elena Mădălina; Chatzeli, Lemonia; Tucker, Abigail S.
  • Thumbnail Image
    Item
  • Thumbnail Image
    Item
    Genome-wide expression profile of the response to spinal cord injury in Xenopus laevis reveals extensive differences between regenerative and non-regenerative stages
    (2014) Lee-Liu, Dasfne.; Moreno Concha, Mauricio; Almonacid Cárdenas, Leonardo Iván; Tapia Olivares, Víctor Sebastián.; Valle Muñoz Videla, Rosana del.; Von Marées, Javier.; Gaete Carrasco, Marcia; Melo Ledermann, Francisco Javier; Larraín Correa, Juan Agustín
    Abstract Background Xenopus laevis has regenerative and non-regenerative stages. As a tadpole, it is fully capable of functional recovery after a spinal cord injury, while its juvenile form (froglet) loses this capability during metamorphosis. We envision that comparative studies between regenerative and non-regenerative stages in Xenopus could aid in understanding why spinal cord regeneration fails in human beings. Results To identify the mechanisms that allow the tadpole to regenerate and inhibit regeneration in the froglet, we obtained a transcriptome-wide profile of the response to spinal cord injury in Xenopus regenerative and non-regenerative stages. We found extensive transcriptome changes in regenerative tadpoles at 1 day after injury, while this was only observed by 6 days after injury in non-regenerative froglets. In addition, when comparing both stages, we found that they deployed a very different repertoire of transcripts, with more than 80% of them regulated in only one stage, including previously unannotated transcripts. This was supported by gene ontology enrichment analysis and validated by RT-qPCR, which showed that transcripts involved in metabolism, response to stress, cell cycle, development, immune response and inflammation, neurogenesis, and axonal regeneration were regulated differentially between regenerative and non-regenerative stages. Conclusions We identified differences in the timing of the transcriptional response and in the inventory of regulated transcripts and biological processes activated in response to spinal cord injury when comparing regenerative and non-regenerative stages. These genes and biological processes provide an entry point to understand why regeneration fails in mammals. Furthermore, our results introduce Xenopus laevis as a genetic model organism to study spinal cord regeneration.Abstract Background Xenopus laevis has regenerative and non-regenerative stages. As a tadpole, it is fully capable of functional recovery after a spinal cord injury, while its juvenile form (froglet) loses this capability during metamorphosis. We envision that comparative studies between regenerative and non-regenerative stages in Xenopus could aid in understanding why spinal cord regeneration fails in human beings. Results To identify the mechanisms that allow the tadpole to regenerate and inhibit regeneration in the froglet, we obtained a transcriptome-wide profile of the response to spinal cord injury in Xenopus regenerative and non-regenerative stages. We found extensive transcriptome changes in regenerative tadpoles at 1 day after injury, while this was only observed by 6 days after injury in non-regenerative froglets. In addition, when comparing both stages, we found that they deployed a very different repertoire of transcripts, with more than 80% of them regulated in only one stage, including previously unannotated transcripts. This was supported by gene ontology enrichment analysis and validated by RT-qPCR, which showed that transcripts involved in metabolism, response to stress, cell cycle, development, immune response and inflammation, neurogenesis, and axonal regeneration were regulated differentially between regenerative and non-regenerative stages. Conclusions We identified differences in the timing of the transcriptional response and in the inventory of regulated transcripts and biological processes activated in response to spinal cord injury when comparing regenerative and non-regenerative stages. These genes and biological processes provide an entry point to understand why regeneration fails in mammals. Furthermore, our results introduce Xenopus laevis as a genetic model organism to study spinal cord regeneration.
  • Thumbnail Image
    Item
    Getting out of an egg: Merging of tooth germs to create an egg tooth in the snake
    (2020) Fons, JM; Gaete Carrasco, Marcia; Zahradnicek, O; Landova, M; Bandali, H; Khannoon, ER; Richman, JM; Buchtova, MM; Tucker, AS
  • Thumbnail Image
    Item
    Interactions of the Tooth and Bone during Development
    (2013) Gaete Carrasco, Marcia; Alfaqeeh, S.; Tucker, A.
  • Thumbnail Image
    Item
    Novel variants of the sternal muscle in an adult and an anencephalic infant: embryological insights and clinical implications
    (2021) Farfán Cabello, Emilio; Gaete Carrasco, Marcia; Inzunza, Oscar; Echeverría M., Mark; Inostroza R., Verónica
    Background: The sternal muscle is a supernumerary variant of the thoracic muscles found in 3–8% of the population. When present, it can be unilateral or bilateral, which can produce confusions during surgeries and imagenological examinations. Methods: We report the finding of the sternalis muscle in two human cadavers, one adult and one anencephalic infant. The muscles were dissected from the fixed bodies and their morphometry analysed. Results: In the case of the adult, we observed two sternal muscles connected in the superior portion by a central tendon. In the case of the anencephalic infant, we found a bilateral sternal muscle, in which the bellies came from the contralateral pectoralis major muscles. The two sternalis muscle variants found here were impossible to categorise according to the current classifications. Conclusions: The sternalis muscle displays variants that are still not classified, as observed in the case of the adult and the infant, in which its presence was correlated with anencephaly. We discuss about this muscular variation in the clinical, imagenological and surgical context and propose a developmental link with the occurrence of neural tube closure defects.
  • Thumbnail Image
    Item
  • Thumbnail Image
    Item
    Spinal cord regeneration in Xenopus tadpoles proceeds through activation of Sox2-positive cells
    (2012) Gaete Carrasco, Marcia; Valle Muñoz Videla, Rosana del.; Sánchez, Natalia.; Tampe, Ricardo.; Moreno Concha, Mauricio; Contreras, Esteban G.; Lee Liu, Dasfne.; Larraín Correa, Juan Agustín
    Abstract Background In contrast to mammals, amphibians, such as adult urodeles (for example, newts) and anuran larvae (for example, Xenopus) can regenerate their spinal cord after injury. However, the cellular and molecular mechanisms involved in this process are still poorly understood. Results Here, we report that tail amputation results in a global increase of Sox2 levels and proliferation of Sox2+ cells. Overexpression of a dominant negative form of Sox2 diminished proliferation of spinal cord resident cells affecting tail regeneration after amputation, suggesting that spinal cord regeneration is crucial for the whole process. After spinal cord transection, Sox2+ cells are found in the ablation gap forming aggregates. Furthermore, Sox2 levels correlated with regenerative capabilities during metamorphosis, observing a decrease in Sox2 levels at non-regenerative stages. Conclusions Sox2+ cells contribute to the regeneration of spinal cord after tail amputation and transection. Sox2 levels decreases during metamorphosis concomitantly with the lost of regenerative capabilities. Our results lead to a working hypothesis in which spinal cord damage activates proliferation and/or migration of Sox2+ cells, thus allowing regeneration of the spinal cord after tail amputation or reconstitution of the ependymal epithelium after spinal cord transection.