Browsing by Author "Garcia-Salum, Tamara"

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    Autoantibodies against type I IFNs in patients with critical influenza pneumonia
    (2022) Zhang, Qian; Pizzorno, Andres; Miorin, Lisa; Bastard, Paul; Gervais, Adrian; Le Voyer, Tom; Bizien, Lucy; Manry, Jeremy; Rosain, Jeremie; Philippot, Quentin; Goavec, Kelian; Padey, Blandine; Cupic, Anastasija; Laurent, Emilie; Saker, Kahina; Vanker, Martti; Saerekannu, Karita; Garcia-Salum, Tamara; Ferres, Marcela; Le Corre, Nicole; Sanchez-Cespedes, Javier; Balsera-Manzanero, Maria; Carratala, Jordi; Retamar-Gentil, Pilar; Abelenda-Alonso, Gabriela; Valiente, Adoracion; Tiberghien, Pierre; Zins, Marie; Debette, Stephanie; Meyts, Isabelle; Haerynck, Filomeen; Castagnoli, Riccardo; Notarangelo, Luigi D.; Gonzalez-Granado, Luis I.; Dominguez-Pinilla, Nerea; Andreakos, Evangelos; Triantafyllia, Vasiliki; Rodriguez-Gallego, Carlos; Sole-Violan, Jordi; Ruiz-Hernandez, Jose Juan; Rodriguez de Castro, Felipe; Ferreres, Jose; Briones, Marisa; Wauters, Joost; Vanderbeke, Lore; Feys, Simon; Kuo, Chen-Yen; Lei, Wei-Te; Ku, Cheng-Lung; Tal, Galit; Etzioni, Amos; Hanna, Suhair; Fournet, Thomas; Casalegno, Jean-Sebastien; Queromes, Gregory; Argaud, Laurent; Javouhey, Etienne; Rosa-Calatrava, Manuel; Cordero, Elisa; Aydillo, Teresa; Medina, Rafael A.; Kisand, Kai; Puel, Anne; Jouanguy, Emmanuelle; Abel, Laurent; Cobat, Aurelie; Trouillet-Assant, Sophie; Garcia-Sastre, Adolfo; Casanova, Jean-Laurent
    In an international cohort of 279 patients with hypoxemic influenza pneumonia, we identified 13 patients (4.6%) with autoantibodies neutralizing IFN-alpha and/or -omega, which were previously reported to underlie 15% cases of life-threatening COVID-19 pneumonia and one third of severe adverse reactions to live-attenuated yellow fever vaccine.
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    Induction of SARS-CoV-2 neutralizing antibodies by CoronaVac and BNT162b2 vaccines in naive and previously infected individuals
    (2022) Muena, Nicolas A.; Garcia-Salum, Tamara; Pardo-Roa, Catalina; Jose Avendano, Maria; Serrano, Eileen F.; Levican, Jorge; Almonacid, Leonardo, I; Valenzuela, Gonzalo; Poblete, Estefany; Strohmeier, Shirin; Salinas, Erick; Munoz, Andres; Haslwanter, Denise; Dieterle, Maria Eugenia; Jangra, Rohit K.; Chandran, Kartik; Gonzalez, Claudia; Riquelme, Arnoldo; Krammer, Florian; Tischler, Nicole D.; Medina, Rafael A.
    Interpretation The decay of nAbs titres in previously infected individuals over time indicates that vaccination is needed to boost humoral memory responses. Immunization of naydve individuals with two doses of CoronaVac induced nAbs titres that were significantly lower to that of convalescent patients, and similar to vaccination with one dose of BTN162b2. The real life effectiveness for CoronaVac in Chile was higher than estimated; indicating that lower titres and additional cellular immune responses induced by CoronaVac might afford protection in a highly immunized population. Nevertheless, the lower nAb titre induced by two doses of CoronaVac as compared to the BTN162b2 vaccine in naydve individuals, highlights the need of booster immunizations over time to maintain protec-tive levels of antibody, particularly with the emergence of new SARS-CoV-2 variants. Funding FONDECYT 1161971, 1212023, 1181799, FONDECYT Postdoctorado 3190706 and 3190648, ANID Becas/ Doctorado Nacional 21212258, PIA ACT 1408, CONICYT REDES180170, Centro Ciencia & Vida, FB210008, Finan-ciamiento Basal para Centros Cient?ficos y Tecnol?ogicos de Excelencia grants from the Agencia Nacional de Inves-tigaci?on y Desarrollo (ANID) of Chile; NIH-NIAD grants U19AI135972, R01AI132633 and contracts HHSN272201400008C and 75N93019C00051; the JPB Foundation, the Open Philanthropy Project grant 2020-215611 (5384); and by anonymous donors. The funders had no role in study design, data collection and analysis, deci-sion to publish, or preparation of the manuscript. Copyright (c) 2022 The Authors. Published by Elsevier B.V. This is an open access article under the CC BY-NC-ND license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/)
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    Novel influenza A viruses in pigs with zoonotic potential, Chile
    (2024) Tapia, Rodrigo; Brito, Barbara; Saavedra, Marco; Mena, Juan; Garcia-Salum, Tamara; Rathnasinghe, Raveen; Barriga, Gonzalo; Tapia, Karla; Garcia, Victoria; Bucarey, Sergio; Jang, Yunho; Wentworth, David; Torremorell, Montserrat; Neira, Victor; Medina, Rafael A.
    Novel H1N2 and H3N2 swine influenza A viruses (IAVs) have recently been identified in Chile. The objective of this study was to evaluate their zoonotic potential. We perform phylogenetic analyses to determine the genetic origin and evolution of these viruses, and a serological analysis to determine the level of cross-protective antibodies in the human population. Eight genotypes were identified, all with pandemic H1N1 2009-like internal genes. H1N1 and H1N2 were the subtypes more commonly detected. Swine H1N2 and H3N2 IAVs had hemagglutinin and neuraminidase lineages genetically divergent from IAVs reported worldwide, including human vaccine strains. These genes originated from human seasonal viruses were introduced into the swine population since the mid-1980s. Serological data indicate that the general population is susceptible to the H3N2 virus and that elderly and young children also lack protective antibodies against the H1N2 strains, suggesting that these viruses could be potential zoonotic threats. Continuous IAV surveillance and monitoring of the swine and human populations is strongly recommended.IMPORTANCEIn the global context, where swine serve as crucial intermediate hosts for influenza A viruses (IAVs), this study addresses the pressing concern of the zoonotic potential of novel reassortant strains. Conducted on a large scale in Chile, it presents a comprehensive account of swine influenza A virus diversity, covering 93.8% of the country's industrialized swine farms. The findings reveal eight distinct swine IAV genotypes, all carrying a complete internal gene cassette of pandemic H1N1 2009 origin, emphasizing potential increased replication and transmission fitness. Genetic divergence of H1N2 and H3N2 IAVs from globally reported strains raises alarms, with evidence suggesting introductions from human seasonal viruses since the mid-1980s. A detailed serological analysis underscores the zoonotic threat, indicating susceptibility in the general population to swine H3N2 and a lack of protective antibodies in vulnerable demographics. These data highlight the importance of continuous surveillance, providing crucial insights for global health organizations.
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    Omicron variant Spike-specific antibody binding and Fc activity are preserved in recipients of mRNA or inactivated COVID-19 vaccines
    (2022) Bartsch, Yannic C.; Tong, Xin; Kang, Jaewon; Avendano, Maria Jose; Serrano, Eileen F.; Garcia-Salum, Tamara; Pardo-Roa, Catalina; Riquelme, Arnoldo; Cai, Yongfei; Renzi, Isabella; Stewart-Jones, Guillaume; Chen, Bing; Medina, Rafael A.; Alter, Galit
    The Omicron variant of SARS-CoV-2 has been shown to evade neutralizing antibodies elicited by vaccination or infection. Despite the global spread of the Omicron variant, even among highly vaccinated populations, death rates have not increased concomitantly. These data suggest that immune mechanisms beyond antibody-mediated virus neutralization may protect against severe disease. In addition to neutralizing pathogens, antibodies contribute to control and clearance of infections through Fc effector mechanisms. Here, we probed the ability of vaccine-induced antibodies to drive Fc effector activity against the Omicron variant using samples from individuals receiving one of three SARS-CoV-2 vaccines. Despite a substantial loss of IgM, IgA, and IgG binding to the Omicron variant receptor binding domain (RBD) in samples from individuals receiving BNT162b2, mRNA-1273, and CoronaVac vaccines, stable binding was maintained against the full-length Omicron Spike protein. Compromised RBD binding IgG was accompanied by a loss of RBD-specific antibody Fc gamma receptor (Fe gamma R) binding in samples from individuals who received the CoronaVac vaccine, but RBD-specific Fc gamma R2a and Fc gamma R3a binding was preserved in recipients of mRNA vaccines. Conversely, Spike protein-specific antibodies exhibited persistent but reduced binding to Fc gamma Rs across all three vaccines, although higher binding was observed in samples from recipients of mRNA vaccines. This was associated with preservation of Fc gamma R2a and Fc gamma R3a binding antibodies and maintenance of Spike protein-specific antibody-dependent natural killer cell activation. Thus, despite the loss of Omicron neutralization, vaccine-induced Spike protein-specific antibodies continue to drive Fc effector functions, suggesting a capacity for extraneutralizing antibodies to contribute to disease control.