Browsing by Author "Giordano, Ady"

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    Cellular mechanisms linking to outdoor and indoor air pollution damage during pregnancy
    (FRONTIERS MEDIA SA, 2023) Chiarello, Delia I.; Ustariz, Javier; Marin, Reinaldo; Carrasco-Wong, Ivo; Farias, Marcelo; Giordano, Ady; Gallardo, Felipe S.; Illanes, Sebastian E.; Gutierrez, Jaime
    Pregnancies are a critical window period for environmental influences over the mother and the offspring. There is a growing body of evidence associating indoor and outdoor air pollution exposure to adverse pregnancy outcomes such as preterm birth and hypertensive disorders of pregnancy. Particulate matter (PM) could trigger oxi-inflammation and could also reach the placenta leading to placental damage with fetal consequences. The combination of strategies such as risk assessment, advise about risks of environmental exposures to pregnant women, together with nutritional strategies and digital solutions to monitor air quality can be effective in mitigating the effects of air pollution during pregnancy.
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    Changes in the antibacterial capacity of Ulmo honey in relation to the contribution of Eucryphia cordifolia pollen
    (VUP FOOD RESEARCH INST, BRATISLAVA, 2021) Montenegro, Gloria; Velasquez, Patricia; Viteri, Rafael; Giordano, Ady
    Ulmo honey is known for its antibacterial characteristics. However, the importance of the content from Eucryphia cordifolia in the honey regarding its non-peroxidic antibacterial capacity is unknown. The present work evaluated the antibacterial activity of Ulmo honey with various percentages of pollen from E. cordifolia against various bacteria, determine the non-peroxidic capacity of Ulmo honey and, finally, compare that capacity with Manuka and Jarrah honeys. The antibacterial activity was evaluated by agar diffusion test and the non-peroxide capacity was evaluated by the reactivity with the catalase enzyme. The tests were carried out against Escherichia coli, Staphylococcus aureus and Streptococcus pyogenes. The results showed a relationship between the percentage of floral pollen from E. cordifolia and the antibacterial activity of Ulmo honey. It was also observed than the antibacterial activity of Ulmo honey can have values similar to Manuka and Jarrah honeys.
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    Eucryphia cordifolia extracts: Phytochemical screening, antibacterial and antioxidant activities
    (2021) Viteri, Rafael; Giordano, Ady; Montenegro, Gloria; Zacconi, Flavia C. M.
    Eucryphia cordifolia is a native and dominant species from the Temperate Forest in the southern region of Chile. It is a crucial melliferous species producing unifloral honey with outstanding antibacterial properties with great commercial value at international markets. A phytochemical screening was developed by colorimetric and gravimetric methods. Antioxidant activities were assessed by using 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH), 2,2-azino-bis-3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulfonic acid (ABTS), and ferric ion reducing antioxidant power (FRAP) method. The minimum bactericidal concentration (MBC) was the method used to determine the antibacterial activity. The results revealed the highest antioxidant activity for the methanolic extracts of branches (IC50 35.7 mu g/mL for DPPH, IC50 11.0 mu g/mL for ABTS, and 4.6 mM FeSO4 center dot 7H(2)O/g in FRAP), attributed to its high content of total phenols (332.8 mg GAE/g). The quantification of the MBC led to values in the range of 0.78-12.5 mg/mL for S. aureus and S. pyogenes, and 6.25-50 mg/mL for E. coli and P. aeruginosa, respectively. The presented work provides valuable first in vitro evidence regarding the potential application of E. cordifolia extracts as antioxidants and antibacterial agents in the nutraceutical and phytopharmaceutical industry.
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    Floral Pollen Bioactive Properties and Their Synergy in Honeybee Pollen
    (2023) Velásquez, Patricia; Muñoz-Carvajal, Eduardo; Grimau, Lissette; Bustos, Daniela; Montenegro, Gloria; Giordano, AdyVelásquez, Patricia; Muñoz-Carvajal, Eduardo; Grimau, Lissette; Bustos, Daniela; Montenegro, Gloria; Giordano, Ady
    Honeybee pollen (HBP) is a mixture of floral pollen collected by honeybees near the hive. It is characterized by a composition rich in phenolic compounds, carotenoids and vitamins that act as free radicals scavengers, conferring antioxidant and antibacterial capacity to the matrix. These bioactive properties are related to the botanical origin of the honeybee pollen. Honeybee pollen samples were collected from different geographical locations in central Chile, and their total carotenoid content, polyphenols profile by HPLC/MS/MS, DPPH radical scavenging capacity, and antimicrobial capacity against S. pyogenes, E. coli, S. aureus, and P. auriginosa strains were evaluated. Our results showed a good carotenoids content and polyphenols composition, while antioxidant capacity presented values between 0–95 % for the scavenging effect related to the botanical origin of the samples. Inhibition diameter for the different strains presented less variability among the samples, Furthermore, binary mixtures representing the two most abundant species in each HBP were prepared to assess the synergy effect of the floral pollen (FP) present in the samples. Data shows an antagonist effect was observed when assessing the carotenoid content, and a synergy effect often presents for antimicrobial and antioxidant capacity for bee pollen samples. The bioactive capacities of the honeybee pollen and their synergy effect could apply to develop new functional ingredients for the food industry.
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    Nutritional and antioxidant potential of Chilean native fruits: lleuque (Prumnopitys andina) and copihue (Lapageria rosea)
    (VUP FOOD RESEARCH INST, BRATISLAVA, 2021) Giovagnoli vicuna, Claudia; Velasquez, Patricia; Montenegro, Gloria; Espejo, Jaime; Gomez, Miguel; Cabrera barjas, Gustavo; Giordano, Ady
    Nutritional and antioxidant properties of pulp and seeds of lleuque (Prumnopitys andina) and copihue (Lapageria rosea) were investigated. Proximal analysis revealed that the pulps are rich in carbohydrates, whereas the seeds are a good source of fibre. Both pulps exhibited higher phenolics content (PC) and flavonoids content (FC), as well as antioxidant capacities, compared to seeds. The data showed that PC correlated with antioxidant capacity the strongest, followed by FC and anthocyanins content. It was observed that global antioxidant score and relative antioxidant capacity index represented the antioxidant capacity behaviour of the extracts. According to the polyphenol antioxidant coefficients calculation, PC was an important contributor to antioxidant capacity of all extracts. The results of this study confirmed that the native Chilean fruits lleuque and copihue are an excellent source of antioxidants.
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    Ultrasound-Assisted Extraction of Anthocyanins Using Natural Deep Eutectic Solvents and Their Incorporation in Edible Films
    (2021) Velásquez, Patricia; Bustos, Daniela; Montenegro Rizzardini, Gloria; Giordano, Ady
    Extracts rich in bioactive compounds added to edible films have allowed the development of active packaging that increases the shelf life of food. However, it is necessary to search for solvents that are nontoxic and not harmful to the environment, with natural deep eutectic solvents (NADES) being an attractive and easily synthesized alternative. This research aimed to design NADES by lyophilization to be used in the extraction of anthocyanins from the Chilean Luma chequen (Molina) A. Gray berry, and subsequently adding them to the matrix of edible ƙ-carrageenan films. For this purpose, ultrasound-assisted extraction (UAE) was used and the anthocyanin content was evaluated with the pH differential method. The antioxidant capacity of extracts was determined by DPPH assay and the antibacterial capacity by diffusion agar tests. The results obtained indicate that the designed NADES are efficient at extracting anthocyanins, reaching concentrations between 81.1 and 327.6 mg eq cyanidin 3-glucoside/100 g dw of L. chequen (Molina) A. Gray. The extracts reached inhibition diameters between 5 and 34 mm against Escherichia coli, Staphylococcus aureus, and Salmonella typhi strains. Once the extracts were incorporated into ƙ-carrageenan films, active edible films with antioxidant and antibacterial capacities were obtained.