Browsing by Author "Guzman, S"

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    A proposal of guidelines for surgical management of obesity
    (SOC MEDICA SANTIAGO, 2005) Carrasco, F; Klaassen, J; Papapietro, K; Reyes, E; Rodriguez, L; Csendes, A; Guzman, S; Hernandez, F; Pizarro, T; Sepulveda, A
    Obesity is a chronic disease with an increasing prevalence in all groups of age, and is associated to increased general mortality and cardiovascular risk. The multidisciplinary non surgical approach must be the treatment of choice for obese subjects. However, the results of such approach among subjects with severe or morbid obesity, are unsatisfactory. In this group of patients, bariatric surgery and specifically gastric bypass achieves good long term results, maintaining a low body mass index, reducing complications and improving quality of life. Considering the widespread practice of bariatric surgery in Chile, the Nutrition Unit of the Ministry of Health formed a task force to propose update guidelines for the surgical treatment of obesity. These guidelines were proposed after a thorough literature review and discussion with groups that practice bariatric surgery using defined protocols. This document provides a summarized version of the guidelines. The first section discusses the background for bariatric surgery and the second part give specific recommendations for patient management and the formation of reference centers for surgical management of obesity.
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    Differences between nuclear run-off and mRNA levels for multidrug resistance gene expression in the cephalocaudal axis of the mouse Intestine
    (ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV, 1995) Chianale, J; Vollrath, V; Wielandt, AM; Miranda, S; Gonzalez, R; Fresno, AM; Quintana, C; Gonzalez, S; Andrade, L; Guzman, S
    P-glycoprotein is a multidrug transporter encoded by the mdr3 gene in the mouse intestinal epithelium. The aims of this study were to characterize the mdr3 gene expression in the cephalocaudal axis of the intestine in adult animals and during perinatal development, and to define the molecular mechanism responsible for the heterogeneous expression of the gene along the cephalocaudal axis. RNA extracted from stomach, duodenum, jejunum, ileum, cecum and colon was hybridized by slot blot and Northern blot using a mdr3 cDNA probe. The regulation of gene expression was investigated examining the rate of transcription by nuclear run-off analysis. Transport studies of rhodamine 123, a substrate of P-glycoprotein, were performed in everted jejunum and ileum. The level of mdr3 mRNA and P-glycoprotein found in ileum was 6-fold higher than the level found in duodenum. The regional pattern of mdr3 gene expression is established in the intestine of 10-day-old animals. Similar mdr3 hybridization signal in nuclear run-off assay was found in nuclei of enterocytes isolated from jejunum and ileum, suggesting that the heterogeneous expression of the mdr3 gene in the cephalocaudal axis of the small bowel may be predominantly regulated at the post-transcriptional level. Transport rate of rhodamine 123 from the serosal to mucosal side in everted ileum was higher than the rate of transport found in jejunum. These results indicate that enterocytes of the ileum may be more actively involved in the P-glycoprotein-mediated transport of xenobiotics into the intestinal lumen.