Browsing by Author "Hector Galindo"

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    High proportion of potential candidates for immunotherapy in a Chilean cohort of gastric cancer patients: results of the FORCE1 study
    (2019) Cordova-Delgado, Miguel; Mauricio P. Pinto; Ignacio N. Retamal; Matías Muñoz-Medel; María Loreto Bravo; María F. Fernández; Betzabé Cisternas; Sebastián Mondaca; César Sanchez; Hector Galindo; Bruno Nervi; Carolina Ibáñez; Francisco Acevedo; Jorge Madrid; José Peña; Erica Koch; Maria José Maturana; Diego Romero; Nathaly de la Jara; Javiera Torres; Manuel Espinoza; Carlos Balmaceda; Yuwei Liao; Zhiguang Li; Matías Freire; Valentina Gárate-Calderón; Javier Cáceres; Gonzalo Sepúlveda-Hermosilla; Rodrigo Lizana; Liliana Ramos; Rocío Artigas; Enrique Norero; Fernando Crovari; Ricardo Armisén; Alejandro H. Corvalán; Gareth I. Owen; Marcelo Garrido
    Gastric cancer (GC) is a heterogeneous disease. This heterogeneity applies not only to morphological and phenotypic features but also to geographical variations in incidence and mortality rates. As Chile has one of the highest mortality rates within South America, we sought to define a molecular profile of Chilean GCs (ClinicalTrials.gov identifier: NCT03158571/(FORCE1)). Solid tumor samples and clinical data were obtained from 224 patients, with subsets analyzed by tissue microarray (TMA; n = 90) and next generation sequencing (NGS; n = 101). Most demographic and clinical data were in line with previous reports. TMA data indicated that 60% of patients displayed potentially actionable alterations. Furthermore, 20.5% were categorized as having a high tumor mutational burden, and 13% possessed micro-satellite instability (MSI). Results also confirmed previous studies reporting high Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) positivity (13%) in Chilean-derived GC samples suggesting a high proportion of patients could benefit from immunotherapy. As expected, TP53 and PIK3CA were the most frequently altered genes. However, NGS demonstrated the presence of TP53, NRAS, and BRAF variants previously unreported in current GC databases. Finally, using the Kendall method, we report a significant correlation between EBV+ status and programmed death ligand-1 (PDL1)+ and an inverse correlation between p53 mutational status and MSI. Our results suggest that in this Chilean cohort, a high proportion of patients are potential candidates for immunotherapy treatment. To the best of our knowledge, this study is the first in South America to assess the prevalence of actionable targets and to examine a molecular profile of GC patients.
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    The neutrophil to lymphocyte ratio predicts the response to neoadjuvant chemotherapy in luminal B breast cancer
    (2019) Mauricio Rivas; Francisco Acevedo; Francisco Dominguez; Hector Galindo; Mauricio Camus; David Oddo; Alejandra Villarroel; Dravna Razmilic; Jose Peña; Matias Munoz Medel; Maria Elena Navarro; Alejandra Perez-Sepulveda; Lidia Medina; Tomas Merino; Juan Briones; Alexis Kalergis; Cesar Sanchez
    Objective: Tumor response to neoadjuvant chemotherapy (NAC) in breast cancer (BC) patients is a predictor for overall survival. The aim of our study was to determine a relationship between the neutrophil to lymphocyte ratio (NLR) prior to NAC, BC subtypes and the probability of a pathologic complete response (pCR). Materials and Methods: Medical records were collected retrospectively from Centro de Cancer at Red Salud UC-Christus. Clinical data collected included peripheral blood cell counts, BC subtype at diagnosis and the pathology report of surgery after chemotherapy. Results: A total of 88 patients were analyzed. Approximately, a 25% had a pCR, and displayed a significant correlation between BC subtype and pCR (p= 0.0138 Chi2); this was more frequent in epidermal growth factor receptor type 2 (HER2) enriched subtype patients (54%). Luminal B BC patients with a pCR had significantly lower NLR levels (t test, p= 0.0181). Conclusions: HER2-enriched tumors had a higher probability of pCR. In Luminal B tumors, NLR had a statistically significant relationship with the probability of pCR. In this subtype, NLR could be a useful biomarker to predict tumor response to NAC. Further studies including other clinical parameters for systemic inflammation such as platelet counts, intratumoral NLR or body mass index could help identify patients that would get the most benefit from NAC.