Browsing by Author "Jankowski, Catherine"

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    Area Deprivation Index and Frailty Among Older People With HIV
    (2024) Iriarte Parra, Evelyn Scarlett; Cooley, Sarah; Wisch, Julie; Erlandson, Kristine M.; Ances, Beau M.; Jankowski, Catherine
    We evaluated the relationship between neighborhood disadvantage (measured by the Area Deprivation Index [ADI]) and frailty. We performed a secondary analysis, pooling cross-sectional data collected from 209 people with HIV (PWH) aged ≥50 years enrolled in studies in Colorado (CO) and Missouri (MO). MO participants (N = 137) had a higher ADI (µ= 70, ơ2 = 25) compared to CO (µ= 32, ơ2 = 15; p < .001). No significant differences in ADI were observed between frailty categories when cohorts were examined either separately or combined; however, when comparing individual frailty criteria, the most apparent differences by neighborhood disadvantage were seen among those with limited physical activity (μ = 67, ơ2 = 28) compared to those without (μ = 55, ơ2 = 29, p = .03). Neighborhood disadvantage was associated with low physical activity but not with overall frailty status. Future research should examine how access to physical activity spaces varies based on ADI, as this could be crucial in preventing frailty.
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    Factors Related to the Need for Informal Care Among Community-Dwelling Older Adults in Chile
    (2024) Araya, Alejandra-Ximena; Iriarte, Evelyn; De Oliveira, Giovanna; Baeza, Maria Jose; Jankowski, Catherine
    PURPOSE: To identify factors contributing to the need for informal care among community -dwelling older adults with functional impairment in Chile. METHOD: A secondary data analysis was conducted using cross-sectional data from 540 Chilean older adults aged >= 60 years (mean age = 72.2 years, SD = 6.22 years). RESULTS: Informal care need was reported by 24.3% (n = 131) of participants. Among the variables that most influenced the need for informal care among older adults were hospitalization in the past 1 year, functionality, comorbidities, and multidimensional frailty (all p < 0.05). CONCLUSION: This study identified factors that clinicians and nurses should be aware of when caring for this population to prevent or manage the need for informal care.
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    HIV-Related Stigma and Multidimensional Frailty Among Older Latinos With HIV
    (Sage publications, 2023) Iriarte Parra, Evelyn Scarlett; Cianelli Acosta, Rosina Del Carmen; De Santis, Joseph P.; Villegas, Natalia; Irarrázabal Vargas, Lisette Paola; Jankowski, Catherine; Provencio-Vásquez, Elías
    Introduction: Frailty is a geriatric syndrome of increased vulnerability to stressors marked by a higher risk for poor health outcomes. HIV-related stigma is a stressor for Latino people with HIV (PWH) and an important barrier to HIV care. This study examines the association between HIV-related stigma and multidimensional frailty among older Latino PWH. Methods: A cross-sectional design with 120 Latino PWH aged 50 and older was used. Self-reported questionnaires were administered to assess multidimensional frailty (Tilburg Frailty Indicator) and HIV-related stigma (HIV stigma scale). Results: Participants were 59.1 ± 7.0 years old, primarily White-Hispanic (85.00%, n = 102), single (48.33%, n = 58), and male (73.30%, n = 88). Nearly half of the participants were frail (45.85%, n = 55). Compared to non-frail, frail individuals had significantly higher scores in the total HIV-related stigma (M = 98.5 ± 24.7 vs. M = 85.3 ± 25.6, p = .020) and all subscales. The odds of multidimensional frailty were 1.021 times higher for people with higher HIV-related stigma scores (p = .007). This association remained significant after adjustment for income and comorbidities (p = .049). Conclusions: HIV-related stigma among older Latino PWH was significantly associated with their odds of being frail. Efforts to prevent multidimensional frailty should consider addressing HIV-related stigma through age-appropriate and culturally tailored resources for this group.
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    Telenovela (Spanish Soap Opera) Interventions on Latino Health: A Scoping Review
    (2024) Iriarte Parra, Evelyn Scarlett; Baeza, Maria J.; Villegas, Natalia; Cianelli Acosta, Rosina Del Carmen; Stonbraker, Samantha; Cook, Paul; Jankowski, Catherine
    Introduction: The use of telenovelas shows promise as a mode of education that could enhance Latino people’s ability to prevent or manage different health conditions. This scoping review examined the available evidence about telenovela interventions on Latino health. Methods: A scoping review was conducted by searching five peer-reviewed databases for articles published on any date in English or Spanish. The methods of this review were guided by the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses Extension for Scoping Reviews recommendations. Results: A total of 431 articles were identified, and 22 articles published between 1999 and 2022 were included in the final scoping review. Nineteen telenovela interventions were described in the literature. Most studies included telenovela interventions without other elements (n=15; 68%), and 91% were conducted in the U.S. (n=20). Studies were qualitative (n=8; 36%), quantitative (n=8; 36%), and mixed methods (n=6; 27%), and most telenovela interventions were developed and/or tested in Spanish (n=10; 53%). The most common topics for the telenovela interventions were substance use/risky sexual health behaviors, cardiovascular disease, and mental health. Conclusions: This scoping review may serve to continue empirical and theoretical work on telenovela-style entertainment interventions on Latino health and future implementation in real-life settings.
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    What Motivates Older Sedentary People Living With HIV in the United States to Participate in an Exercise Trial? A Qualitative Study
    (Lippincott Williams and Wilkins, 2024) Iriarte Parra, Evelyn Scarlett; Webel, Allison R.; Cook, Paul F.; Turner, Ashley; Ditzenberger, Grace L.; Erlandson, Kristine M.; Jankowski, Catherine
    Although exercise supports the physical function and health of older people living with HIV (PLWH), less than half of PLWH globally achieve recommended levels of activity. A qualitative descriptive design was used to determine what motivates sedentary PLWH, 50 years and older, to participate in an exercise trial. Interviews were conducted with PLWH who participated in an exercise trial (n = 30) and PLWH who declined enrollment in the same exercise trial (n = 4). The theory of planned behavior (TPB) guided a directed content analysis of the interviews. Data analysis identified four themes: (a) intention or motivation (perceived benefits, maintaining the exercise behavior over time), (b) attitudes (goals and preferences), (c) perceived behavioral control (barriers, facilitators, and self-efficacy), and (d) subjective norms (pressure from health care providers and social networks). Findings from our study contribute to informing the development of future exercise interventions or trials and to planning care to encourage a physically active lifestyle.