Browsing by Author "Lazcano Ponce, Eduardo"

Now showing 1 - 4 of 4
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    New Approaches to Cervical Cancer Screening in Latin America and the Caribbean
    (ELSEVIER SCI LTD, 2008) Herrero, Rolando; Ferreccio, Catterina; Salmeron, Jorge; Almonte, Maribel; Ines Sanchez, Gloria; Lazcano Ponce, Eduardo; Jeronimo, Jose
    Cervical cancer remains an important public health problem in the Latin America and Caribbean region (LAC), with an expected significant increase in disease burden in the next decades as a result of population ageing. Prophylactic human papillomavirus (HPV) vaccine is currently unaffordable in LAC countries, However, even if vaccination was implemented, an additional two decades will be required to observe its impact on HPV related disease and cancer. With some exceptions, cytology-based screening programs have been largely ineffective to control the problem in the region, and there is a need for new approaches to the organization of screening and for use of newly developed techniques. Several research groups in LAC have conducted research on new screening methods, some of which are summarized in this paper. A recommendation to reorganize screening programs is presented considering visual inspection for very low resource areas, improvement of cytology where it is operating successfully and HPV DNA testing followed by visual inspection with acetic acid (VIA) or cytology as soon as this method becomes technically and economically sustainable. This could be facilitated by the incorporation of new, low-cost HPV DNA testing methods and the use of self-collected vaginal specimens for selected groups of the population. An important requisite for screening based on HPV testing will be the quality assurance of the laboratory and the technique by validation and certification measures. (C) 2008 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
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    Reproductive factors, oral contraceptive use, and human papillomavirus infection: Pooled analysis of the IARC HPV prevalence surveys
    (AMER ASSOC CANCER RESEARCH, 2006) Vaccarella, Salvatore; Herrero, Rolando; Dai, Min; Snijders, Peter J. F.; Meijer, Chris J. L. M.; Thomas, Jaiye O.; Hoang Anh, Pham Thi; Ferreccio, Catterina; Matos, Elena; Posso, Hector; de Sanjose, Silvia; Shin, Hai Rim; Sukvirach, Sukhon; Lazcano Ponce, Eduardo; Ronco, Guglielmo; Rajkumar, Raj; Qiao, You Lin; Munoz, Nubia; Franceschi, Silvia; IARC HPV Prevalence Surveyst
    High parity, early age at first full-term pregnancy (FTP), and long-term oral contraceptive (OC) use increase cervical cancer risk, but it is unclear whether these variables are also associated with increased risk of acquisition and persistence of human papillomavirus (HPV) infection, the main cause of cervical cancer. Information on reproductive and menstrual characteristics and OC use were collected from 14 areas worldwide, among population-based, age-stratified random samples of women aged 15 years or older. HPV testing was done using PCR-based enzyme immunoassay. Unconditional logistic regression was used to estimate the odds ratios (OR) of being HPV-positive according to reproductive and menstrual factors and corresponding 95% confidence intervals (CI). When more than two groups were compared, floating CIs (FCI) were estimated. A total of 15,145 women (mean age, 40.9 years) were analyzed. Women with >= 5 FTPs (OR, 0.90; 95% FCI, 0.76-1.06) showed a similar risk of being HPV-positive compared with women with only one FTP (OR, 1.00; 95% FCI, 0.86-1.16). However, nulliparous women showed an OR of 1.40 (95% CI, 1.16-1.69) compared with parous women. Early age at first FTP was not significantly related to HPV positivity. HPV positivity was similar for women who reported >= 10 years of use of OCs (OR, 1.16; 95% FCI, 0.85-1.58) and never users of OCs (OR, 1.00; 95% FCI, 0.90-1.12). Our study suggests, therefore, that high parity, early age at first FTP, and long-term OC use are not associated with HPV prevalence, but rather these factors might be involved in the transition from HPV infection to neoplastic cervical lesions.
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    Smoking and human papillomavirus infection: pooled analysis of the International Agency for Research on Cancer HPV Prevalence Surveys
    (OXFORD UNIV PRESS, 2008) Vaccarella, Salvatore; Herrero, Rolando; Snijders, Peter J. F.; Dai, Min; Thomas, Jaiye O.; Hieu, Nguyen Trong; Ferreccio, Catterina; Matos, Elena; Posso, Hector; de Sanjose, Silvia; Shin, Hai Rim; Sukvirach, Sukhon; Lazcano Ponce, Eduardo; Munoz, Nubia; Meijer, Chris J. L. M.; Franceschi, Silvia; IHPS Study Grp
    Background Smoking increases the risk of squamous-cell carcinoma of the cervix, but it is not clear whether smoking increases the risk of acquisition or persistence of human papillomavirus (HPV) infection.
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    Variations in the age-specific curves of human papillomavirus prevalence in women worldwide
    (WILEY-BLACKWELL, 2006) Franceschi, Silvia; Herrero, Rolando; Clifford, Gary M.; Snijders, Peter J. F.; Arslan, Annie; Anh, Pham Thi Hoang; Bosch, F. Xavier; Ferreccio, Catterina; Hieu, Nguyen Trong; Lazcano Ponce, Eduardo; Matos, Elena; Molano, Monica; Qiao, You Lin; Rajkumar, Raj; Ronco, Guglielmo; de Sanjose, Silvia; Shin, Hai Rim; Sukvirach, Sukhon; Thomas, Jaiye O.; Meijer, Chris J. L. M.; Munoz, Nubia; ISRC Prevalence Surveys Study Grp
    An inverse relationship between age and human papillomavirus (HPV) prevalence has been reported in many developed countries, but information on this relationship is scarce in many other parts of the world. We carried out a cross-sectional study of sexually active women from the general population of 15 areas in 4 continents. Similar standardised protocols for women's enrolment, cervical specimen collection and PCR-based assays for HPV testing were used. HPV prevalence in different age groups was compared by study area. 18,498 women aged 15-74 years were included. Age-standardised HPV prevalence varied more than 10-fold between populations, as did the shape of age-specific curves. HPV prevalence peaked below age 25 or 35, and declined with age in Italy, the Netherlands, Spain, Argentina, Korea and in Lampang, Thailand and Ho Chi Minh, Vietnam. This was not the case in Songkla, Thailand nor Hanoi, Vietnam, where HPV prevalence was low in all age groups. In Chile, Colombia and Mexico, a second peak of HPV prevalence was detected among older women. In the poorest study areas in Asia (Shanxi, China and Dindigul, India), and in Nigeria, HPV prevalence was high across all age groups. The substantial differences observed in age-specific curves of HPV prevalence between populations may have a variety of explanations. These differences, however, underline that great caution should be used in inferring the natural history of HPV from age-specific prevalences. (c) 2006 Wiley-Liss, Inc.