Browsing by Author "Letelier, Catalina"

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    Maternal obesity and high leptin levels prime pro-inflammatory pathways in human cord blood leukocytes
    (2023) Krause, Bernardo J.; Vega-Tapia, Fabian A.; Soto-Carrasco, Gustavo; Lefever, Isidora; Letelier, Catalina; Saez, Claudia G.; Castro-Rodriguez, Jose A.
    Introduction: Maternal obesity alters the immune function in the offspring. We hypothesize that maternal obesity and pro-inflammatory pathways induce leptin-related genes in neonatal monocytes, whereby high leptin levels enhance their inflammatory response. Methods: Transcriptional profiles of cord blood leukocytes (CBL) in basal and pro-inflammatory conditions were studied to determine differentially expressed genes (DEG). The DNA methylation profile of CB monocytes (CBM) of neonates born to control BMI mothers and women with obesity was assayed to identify differentially methylated probes (DMP). CBM-derived macrophages were cultured with or without leptin (10-100 ng/ml) and then stimulated with lipopolysaccharide (LPS, 100 ng/ml) and interferon-gamma (20 ng/ml) to assess the induction of TNF-& alpha; and IL-10 transcripts. Results: CBL from pregnancies with obesity (CBL-Ob) showed 12,183 DEG, affecting 49 out of 78 from the leptin pathway. Control CBM exposed to LPS showed 45 leptin-related DEG, an effect prevented by the co-exposure to LPS and IL-10. Conversely, CBM-Ob showed 5279 DMP enriched in insulin- and leptin-related genes, and Lasso regression of leptin-related DMP showed high predictive value for plasma leptin levels (r2 = 0.9897) and maternal BMI categories (AUC = 1). Chronic exposure to leptin increased TNF-& alpha; and decreased IL-10 levels in control BMI samples but not in Ob-CBM. Enhanced TNF-& alpha; induction after proinflammatory stimulation was observed in leptin-treated control BMI samples. Discussion: Obesity in pregnancy is associated with a distinctive expression and DNA methylation profile of leptin-related genes in cord blood monocytes, meanwhile, leptin enhances the expression of pro-inflammatory cytokines upon stimulation with M1-skewing agents.
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    Orientaciones prácticas para psicoterapeutas que atienden a pacientes con TEPT después de un desastre natural
    (2018) Errázuriz Arellano, Paula; Fischer Perlman, Candice; Behn Berliner, Alex Joseph; Letelier, Catalina; Monari, Marietta
    Este artículo presenta información relevante para profesionales de la salud mental que trabajarán con pacientes adultos con trastorno por estrés post-traumático (TEPT) en las postrimerías de un desastre de origen natural y que no poseen entrenamiento especializado en modalidades expertas para el manejo de TEPT. El artículo presenta orientaciones a partir de una revisión de diferentes guías internacionales para el trabajo con pacientes con TEPT y la revisión de la literatura científica internacional relevante. Estas orientaciones fueron revisadas por un panel de expertos chilenos. El resultado, el cual se presenta en este artículo, es una serie de orientaciones prácticas orientadas a aquellos psicoterapeutas que trabajarán con pacientes con TEPT tras la ocurrencia de un desastre de origen natural. Se presentan viñetas clínicas para ejemplificar algunas de las orientaciones.