Browsing by Author "Liberman, Paulina"

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    Attitudes toward parental leave and breastfeeding during ophthalmology residency
    (2022) Reilly, Grace; Tipton, Caroline; Liberman, Paulina; Berkenstock, Meghan
    Introduction: As mandated by the Accreditation Council for Graduate Medical Education (ACGME), residency programs are required to have parental leave policies. A lack of standardized requirements leads to a lack of uniformity among programs. We discuss resident and program director attitudes toward parental leave and examine the range of policies on parental leave and breastfeeding within ophthalmology residency programs. Methods: Two electronic surveys assessing perceptions toward parental leave during residency and breastfeeding on return to clinical duties were created individually for completion by ophthalmology residents or residency program directors, respectively, with responses collected over 4 weeks. Results: Of residents who took parental leave, 23 (87%) denied taking time off without pay. The most commonly reported effects on training by residents were missed surgical training and impact on research. Nearly 60% of residents (N = 26) reported receiving negative feedback or actions prior to or after the leave. The majority of residents felt program directors and coresidents were supportive (53.8%, 48.1%, respectively), but parental leave negatively affected their coresidents (46.2%). Twenty-five program directors reported that there are written parental leave policies in place at their institution. Sex disparities were noted, with program directors reporting more negative impacts on surgical training in female residents (p = 0.035). There was no statistically significant difference between program director attitudes on clinical training, well-being, or burnout by resident sex. All program directors were supportive of breastfeeding; half reported an institutional breastfeeding policy. Conclusion: A national discussion on standardizing parental leave and breastfeeding policies over all ophthalmology residency programs is warranted.
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    Causes of Uveitis in a Tertiary Center in Chile: A Cross-sectional Retrospective Review
    (TAYLOR & FRANCIS INC, 2015) Liberman, Paulina; Gauro, Fuad; Berger, Osvaldo; Urzua, Cristhian A.
    Purpose: To describe the pattern of uveitis in a tertiary center in Santiago, Chile.
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    Clinical Outcomes in Vitrectomized versus Non-vitrectomized Eyes in Patients with Primary Vitreoretinal Lymphoma
    (2023) Liberman, Paulina; Francis, Jasmine H.; Mehrotra, Karnika; Tian, Jing; McGarrey, Mark P.; Sobol, Ethan K.; Thorne, Jennifer E.; Aronow, Mary E.; Berkenstock, Meghan K.
    Aim To evaluate if there is a difference in the clinical course of primary vitreoretinal lymphoma (PVRL) in vitrectomized versus non-vitrectomized eyes. Methods Observational multicenter retrospective case series of patients diagnosed with PVRL between 2007 and 2019, at three tertiary centers. The main outcomes were relapse rates, inflammatory parameters, and best-corrected visual acuities (BCVA). Statistical methods used were an adjusted generalized estimating equation model, and a proportional Cox model. Results Eighty patients (150 eyes) were followed for a median of 1.7 years. At presentation, there were no clinical differences between the groups. The relapse rate was 0.091/eye-year (EY) for vitrectomized eyes and 0.087/EY for non-vitrectomized eyes (p = .35). Vitrectomized eyes had better BCVA than non-vitrectomized eyes (p < .001). Conclusions Vitrectomy had no effect on the relapse rate in eyes with PVRL. However, the decrease in vitreous cell and debris led to vitrectomized eyes having better visual acuity than non-vitrectomized eyes.
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    Quantitative Ocular Surface Changes in Patients Undergoing Immune Checkpoint Inhibitor Therapy
    (2024) Chen, Kevin; Bruron, Maria Carolina Ibanez; Mondaca, Sebastian; Pizarro, Gonzalo; Liberman, Paulina; Berkenstock, Meghan K.
    PurposeTo describe the clinical course and evaluate treatment of ocular surface changes in patients receiving immune checkpoint inhibitor (ICI) therapy.MethodsMultiple markers of ocular surface dryness were evaluated in 16 patients on ICI therapy. The Wilcoxon rank-sum test was used to determine the significant change in the initial and final ocular surface indices.ResultsFifty percent of the eyes demonstrated worsening Schirmer I scores; 29% showed an increase in lissamine green staining. During follow-up, 43% of patients experienced a decline in OSDI scores. Treatments included preservative-free artificial tears (88%), cyclosporine (25%), topical corticosteroids (31%), warm compresses (25%); punctal plugs (13%). Median follow-up time was 3.4 months (range:0-79 ); median ICI treatment duration was 7 months (range:1-40). Four patients died during the observation period.ConclusionA significant proportion of patients experience changes in ocular surface markers while treated with ICIs. Medical intervention can lead to stabilization of ocular surface disease.