Browsing by Author "Mallea, Jorge"

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    Extinction cues do not reduce recovery of extinguished conditioned fear in humans
    (2018) Quezada Scholz, Vanetza Estela; Laborda, Mario A.; Díaz, Marcela C.; Navarro, Víctor M.; Mallea, Jorge; Repetto Lisboa, Paula Beatriz; Orellana, Gricel; Betancourt, Ronald
    We evaluated whether an extinction cue can reduce (or prevent) the recovery of previously extinguished fear conditioning using an ABC renewal design in humans. Two experiments were carried out. In Experiment 1, two groups were presented with geometric shapes as conditioned stimulus (CS), followed by a small electric shock as unconditioned stimulus (US) during the acquisition phase. Conditioned fear was measured as ratings of US expectancy and changes in skin conductance response (SCR). During the extinction phase, both groups received presentations of the CS without the US, while an extinction cue (EC) was presented. Both groups were tested in both the extinction context (extinction test) and a new context (renewal test) immediately and 48 hours after the end of the extinction phase (spontaneous recovery). Half of the subjects were tested in the presence of the EC (Group Extinction cue) while the other half were tested in the presence of a neutral cue (Group Neutral cue). The results suggested that the EC reduced the recovery of fear produced by a context change, but that this reduction was not maintained over time. Experiment 2 increased the salience of the EC and the contexts, however, results showed that the EC was unable to reduce the renewal of fear conditioning. These results are discussed as a function of the experimental manipulations performed, and their theoretical and practical implications.
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    State anxiety could increase discrimination in human fear conditioning
    (Sociedad Mexicana de Psicologia, 2019) Quezada Scholz, Vanetza; Mallea, Jorge; Repetto Lisboa, Paula Beatriz
    Evidence has shown that individuals with anxiety disorders show more intense fear responses to both stimuli signaling threat and stimuli representing safety. The latter often causes difficulty to learn fear inhibition. This study aimed to assess the role of state anxiety in fear acquisition and extinction. During fear conditioning, geometric figures served as conditioned stimuli and a mild electric shock as unconditioned stimulus. Unconditioned stimulus expectancy ratings were used to assess fear. Results showed that high state anxiety is associated with higher responses to stimuli predicting the aversive stimulus and lower responses to stimuli not predicting it, suggesting that individuals in a high anxiety state have a larger fear activation to danger cues and lower activation to safety cues.
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    STATE ANXIETY COULD INCREASE DISCRIMINATION IN HUMAN FEAR CONDITIONING
    (2019) Quezada-Scholz, Vanetza; Mallea, Jorge; Repetto, Paula
    Evidence has shown that individuals with anxiety disorders show more intense fear responses to both stimuli signaling threat and stimuli representing safety. The latter often causes difficulty to learn fear inhibition. This study aimed to assess the role of state anxiety in fear acquisition and extinction. During fear conditioning, geometric figures served as conditioned stimuli and a mild electric shock as unconditioned stimulus. Unconditioned stimulus expectancy ratings were used to assess fear. Results showed that high state anxiety is associated with higher responses to stimuli predicting the aversive stimulus and lower responses to stimuli not predicting it, suggesting that individuals in a high anxiety state have a larger fear activation to danger cues and lower activation to safety cues.
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    State anxiety could increase discrimination in human fear conditioningEl estado ansioso podrÍa mejorar la discriminaciÓn en condicionamiento al miedo en humanos
    (2019) Quezada Scholz, Vanetza; Mallea, Jorge; Repetto Lisboa, Paula Beatriz
    © 2019 Sociedad Mexicana de Psicologia. All rights reserved.Evidence has shown that individuals with anxiety disorders show more intense fear responses to both stimuli signaling threat and stimuli representing safety. The latter often causes difficulty to learn fear inhibition. This study aimed to assess the role of state anxiety in fear acquisition and extinction. During fear conditioning, geometric figures served as conditioned stimuli and a mild electric shock as unconditioned stimulus. Unconditioned stimulus expectancy ratings were used to assess fear. Results showed that high state anxiety is associated with higher responses to stimuli predicting the aversive stimulus and lower responses to stimuli not predicting it, suggesting that individuals in a high anxiety state have a larger fear activation to danger cues and lower activation to safety cues.