Browsing by Author "Montenegro, G."

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    Combined antioxidant capacity of Chilean bee hive products using mixture design methodology
    (2022) Velásquez, Patricia; Giordano, A.; Valenzuela Roediger, Loreto Margarita; Montenegro, G.
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    Innovative multiple nanoemulsion (W/O/W) based on Chilean honeybee pollen improves their permeability, antioxidant and antibacterial activity
    (2023) Valdivia-Olivares, R. Y.; Martinez-Gonzalez, E. A.; Montenegro, G.; Bridi, R.; Alvarez-Figueroa, M. J.; Gonzalez-Aramundiz, J. V.
    Beehive derivatives, including honeybee pollen (HBP), have been extensively studied for their beneficial health properties and potential therapeutic use. Its high polyphenol content gives it excellent antioxidant and antibacterial properties. Today its use is limited due to poor organoleptic properties, low solubility, stability, and permeability under physiological conditions. A novel edible multiple W/O/W nanoemulsion (BP-MNE) to encapsulate the HBP extract was designed and optimized to overcome these limitations. The new BP-MNE has a small size (-100 nm), a zeta potential greater than +30 mV, and efficiently encapsulated phenolic compounds (-82%). BP-MNE stability was measured under simulated physiological conditions and storage conditions (4 months); in both cases, stability was promoted. The formulation's antioxidant and antibacterial (Streptococcus pyogenes) activity was analyzed, obtaining a higher effect than the non-encapsulated compounds in both cases. In vitro permeability was tested, observing a high permeability of the phenolic compounds when they are nanoencapsulated. With these results, we propose our BP-MNE as an innovative solution to encapsulate complex matrices, such as HBP extract, as a platform to develop functional foods.
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    K-carrageenan edible films for beef: Honey and bee pollen phenolic compounds improve their antioxidant capacity
    (2022) Velásquez, Patricia; Montenegro, G.; Valenzuela Roediger, Loreto Margarita; Giordano, A.; Cabrera-Barjas, G.; Martin-Belloso, O.
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    Sustainable management and use of a medicinal emblematic plant in Chile: Buddleja globosa Hope
    (2013) Wilckens, P.; Fernandez, M. P.; Gomez, M.; Pena, I.; Montenegro, G.
    Buddleja globosa Hope is a well-known native, medicinal plant because of its digestive and cicatrizing properties. Due to the increasing domestic and international demand, B. globosa abundance and distribution in Chile has resulted in the intensive exploitation of the plant's natural habitat, without consideration of the plant's regenerative capacity. The main objective of this research was to establish the B. globosa growth cycle and model its regeneration cycle. This would allow for more productive, efficient and sustainable use and management of this species, thus ensuring its long-term conservation. We selected two study sites, one wild and another one cultivated. In each one, ten individuals were marked as control treatments, for further observations, in order to quantify the monthly growth dynamics. Fifteen plants selected at random were marked in each site under study to know the regeneration rates with three pruning methods: apical, medium and basal (5 plants per treatment). The results showed significant differences between the control and management treatments on plants grown in the valley, and among the wild plants of the mountains. The biomass growth rates achieved in the treatments of pruning, and the period that those were maximum at both sites, allows us to recommend harvesting of B. globosa under a medium pruning management in January for the valley. For the mountain zones, it is suggested to conduct a partial apical-type harvest in December: this would allow that a part of the plant achieves the end of the flowering stage, which will contribute to seed dispersal and natural reproduction of the species.
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    Volatile compounds of unifloral honey and floral nectar from Quillaja saponaria
    (TECH SCIENCE PRESS, 2014) Santander, F.; Fredes, C.; Nunez, G.; Casaubon, G.; Espinoza, M. I.; Montenegro, G.
    Currently, the search for chemical markers related to the botanical origin of honey is an important issue because of its potential use as a complementary tool for melisopalinological analysis. The objective of this research was to compare the (1) volatile compounds of Quillaja saponaria Mol. (Fam. Quillajaceae) floral nectar with those of unifloral honey of this same species, and (2) volatile compounds in Q. saponaria honeys from the same geographical origin. For the identification and semiquantification of volatile compounds, Gas Chromatography with Mass Spectrometry (GC-MS) was performed. The nectar of Q. saponaria presented volatile compounds different from the compounds identified in its unifloral honey, which may be precursors of the compounds present in Q. saponaria honey. Ten volatile compounds were found in all the samples of Q. saponaria honey: 2-methyl butyric acid (2-21.6 mu g/L), benzyl alcohol (1 - 6 mu g/L), 2-phenylethanol (16 - 125.3 mu g/L), ketoisophorone (2.6 - 15.9 mu g/L), linalool (2.4 - 13.8 mu g/L) and its oxides 1 and 2 (6 - 13.3 mu g/L and 3 - 7 mu g/L, respectively), beta-damascenone (4 - 12 mu g/L), pantolactone (2 - 7.5 mu/L) and furfural (7 - 44,2 mu g/L). These compounds were common in unifloral honey with different floral sources from other countries. These results would indicate that Q. saponariahoney does not present specific volatile compounds that allow its clear differentiation from other unifloral honey.