Browsing by Author "Morales, Pilar"

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    Adverse Events and External Factors Affecting Nitrous Oxide Dental Sedation in an Academic Center
    (2025) Muñoz Lorenzo, Valeria Carmen; Guevara, V. María Eugenia; Morales, Pilar; Lacassie, Emilia; Lacassie Quiroga, Héctor
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    Characterization of Oral Health Status in Chilean Patients with X-Linked Hypophosphatemia
    (2021) Marin, Alejandro; Morales, Pilar; Jimenez, Macarena; Borja, Eugenia; Ivanovic-Zuvic, Danisa; Collins, Michael T.; Florenzano, Pablo
    X-Linked Hypophosphatemia (XLH) is the most common cause of inherited hypophosphatemic rickets. Dental involvement, including spontaneous abscesses and/or fistulae, is an important part of the disease and has not been completely defined, especially in cohorts from developing countries. To describe oral health status in a cohort of Chilean patients with XLH and explore its correlation with biochemical presentation and treatment, we conducted a cross-sectional observational study of patients with PHEX mutation-confirmed XLH. All patients had an oral clinical exam, radiographic evaluation; clinical and biochemical data were obtained to determine their association with oral features. Twenty-six patients were included, 77% adults and 23% children. Most adults (89%) had past or current dental pulp pathology (abscesses and/or fistulae). Pulpal chamber enlargement and radiolucent apical lesions were common radiological features (94 and 74%, respectively). In children, abscess and/or fistulae were also common (33%). Caries index, which was determined by dmft/DMFT, was higher than the Chilean national average. Early and long-term therapy with phosphate and activated vitamin D was associated with lower carious index and attachment loss. XLH patients frequently present with high pulpal involvement and carious index. Conventional therapy was associated with lower carious index and attachment loss. These data highlight the importance of early and periodical dental care in order to prevent dental damage and assure a good quality of oral health for XLH patients.
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    Effect of substituents and chain length in amino-1,4-naphthoquinones on glutathione-S-transferase inhibition: molecular docking and electrochemical perspectives: a structure-activity study
    (2022) Faundes, Judith; Munoz-Osses, Michelle; Morales, Pilar; Tasca, Federico; Zuniga Loyola, Cesar; Faundez, Mario; Mascayano, Carolina; Ibacache, Juana A.
    In this study, new homodimers and monoamination products based on the pharmacophore amino-1,4-naphthoquinone were synthesized. To perform a structure-activity study, three precursor quinones (2,3-dichloro-1,4-naphthoquinone, 1,4-naphthoquinone, and 2-hydroxy-1,4-naphthoquinone) and four diamines (4,40-diaminodiphenylmethane, 4,40-ethylenedianiline, ethylenediamine and 1,3-diaminopropane) were used. The reactions of the compounds were accomplished in the presence or the absence of Lewis acid as a catalyst. The new derivatives were evaluated as potential inhibitors of the enzyme glutathione-S-transferase (GST) by conjugating reduced glutathione (GSH) with the substrate 1-chloro-2,4-dinitrobenzene (CDNB). The study of the GST activity showed a clear structure-activity relationship in which the chlorinated compound 8 was the best inhibitor, with inhibition percentage values of 57%, being in the inhibition range as other GST inhibitors such as hexachlorophene and ethacrynic acid. These experimental results are consistent with molecular docking studies which show that compound 8 binds to the enzyme close to the catalytic site (G-site) and the chlorine group shows up to be essential for the stability of the ligand. Additionally, from the in silico exploration, a directly proportional trend between lipophilicity and enzyme affinity was noted, correlating with the experimental results of GST activity where the chlorine atom contributes positively to it. Finally, the electrochemical characterization provided another significant insight: the compounds with higher formal potential values (E-0) had the electron-withdrawing group chlorine being the most active against GST.