Browsing by Author "Nien Shy, Jyh-Kae"

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    Adiponectin multimers in maternal plasma
    (2008) Mazaki-Tovi, S.; Romero, R.; Kusanovic, Juan Pedro; Erez, O.; Vaisbuch, E.; Gotsch, F.; Mittal, P.; Than, G. N.; Nhan-Chang, C.; Chaiworapongsa, T.; Edwin, S.; Camacho, N.; Nien Shy, Jyh-Kae; Hassan, S. S.
    Objective: Adiponectin is an anti-diabetic, anti-atherogenic, anti-inflammatory, and angiogenic adipokine that circulates in oligomeric complexes including: low molecular weight (LMW) trimers, medium molecular weight (MMW) hexamers, and high molecular weight (HMW) isoforms. The aim of this study was to determine whether there are changes in adiponectin multimers in pregnancy and as a function of maternal weight. Study design: In this cross-sectional study, plasma concentrations of total, HMW, MMW, and LMW adiponectin were determined in women included in three groups: (1) normal pregnant women of normal body mass index (BMI) (n ¼ 466), (2) overweight pregnant women (BMI 25; n ¼ 257), and (3) non-pregnant women of normal weight (n ¼ 40). Blood samples were collected once from each woman between 11 and 42 weeks of gestation. Plasma adiponectin multimer concentrations were determined by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). Non-parametric statistics were used for analysis. Results: (1) The median HMW adiponectin concentration and the median HMW/total adiponectin ratio were significantly higher, and the median LMW adiponectin concentration was significantly lower in pregnant women than in non-pregnant women. (2) Among pregnant women, the median plasma concentration of total, HMW, and MMW adiponectin was significantly higher in normal weight women than in overweight patients. (3) Maternal HMW was the most prevalent adiponectin multimer regardless of gestational age or BMI status. (4) There were no significant differences in the median concentration of total, MMW, and LMW adiponectin and their relative distribution with advancing gestation. Conclusion: Human pregnancy is characterized by quantitative and qualitative changes in adiponectin multimers, especially the most active isoform, HMW adiponectin.
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    Early Rapid Growth, Early Birth: Accelerated Fetal Growth and Spontaneous Late Preterm Birth
    (2009) Lampl, Michelle; Kusanovic, Juan Pedro; Erez, Offer; Espinoza, Jimmy; Gotsch, Francesca; Goncalves, Luis; Hassa, Sonia; Gómez Mora, Ricardo Alberto; Nien Shy, Jyh-Kae; Edward A. Frongillo; Romero, Roberto
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    ¿Existe un aumento de los nacimientos en Chile en el período 2000-2009? Análisis de los principales indicadores materno-infantiles de la década
    (2011) González Pérez, Rogelio Iván; Nien Shy, Jyh-Kae; Vera Pérez-Gacitúa, Claudio Mauricio; Poblete L., José A.; Carvajal C., Jorge A.; González O., Miriam; Guzmán B., Eghon; Gómez Mora, Ricardo Alberto; Abarca E., Montserrat; Oyarzún Ebensperger, Enrique
    Objetivo. Describir la tendencia en los nacimientos y los principales indicadores materno-infantiles en Chile desde el año 2000 al 2009. Método. Se realiza un análisis descriptivo de la información obtenida desde el Ministerio de Salud de Chile para el período estudiado. Resultados. Durante el período estudiado nacen aproximadamente 2.400.000 personas, se observa un significativo aumento en su número a partir del año 2004 al 2009 (+9,7%). Las tasas de mortalidad neonatal precoz, tardía, post neonatal e infantil fueron de 3,86; 1,18; 2,54 y 7,58 por 1000 nacidos vivos durante el año 2009, presentado un porcentaje de disminución de un 13,5; 8,4; 16,2; 13,7% respectivamente en comparación al año 2000. La mortalidad materna disminuyó en un 13,2% desde 19,7 a 17,1 por cien mil nacimientos en el mismo período. La prematurez (<37s) incrementa significativamente en un 20,82% (de 5,96 a 7,2%). El mayor cambio se observa entre las 32-33 y 34-36 semanas (aumento de un 18% y 32%, respectivamente). El porcentaje de nacimientos múltiples (dos) aumentó significativamente en un 11%, desde 1,66 a 1,84 por cien nacimientos. Conclusión. Durante el período estudiado se observa un aumento significativo de los nacimientos totales, del porcentaje de primigestas y de madres sobre 40 años. Se presenta un aumento de la prematurez, del bajo peso al nacer y del porcentaje de embarazos múltiples. Los cambios observados se asocian aun a una mejoría de los indicadores neonatales.
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    Metabolomics in premature labor: A novel approach to identify patients at risk for preterm delivery
    (2010) Romero, Roberto; Mazaki-Tovi, Shali; Vaisbuch, Edi; Kusanovic, Juan Pedro; Chaiworapongsa, Tinnakorn; Gómez Mora, Ricardo Alberto; Nien Shy, Jyh-Kae; Yoon, Bo Hyun; Mazor, Moshe; Luo, Jingqin; Banks, David; Ryals, John; Beecher, Chris
    Objective. Biomarkers for preterm labor (PTL) and delivery can be discovered through the analysis of the transcriptome (transcriptomics) and protein composition (proteomics). Characterization of the global changes in low-molecular weight compounds which constitute the ‘metabolic network’ of cells (metabolome) is now possible by using a ‘metabolomics’ approach. Metabolomic profiling has special advantages over transcriptomics and proteomics since the metabolic network is downstream from gene expression and protein synthesis, and thus more closely reflects cell activity at a functional level. This study was conducted to determine if metabolomic profiling of the amniotic fluid can identify women with spontaneous PTL at risk for preterm delivery, regardless of the presence or absence of intraamniotic infection/inflammation (IAI). Study Design. Two retrospective cross-sectional studies were conducted, including three groups of pregnant women with spontaneous PTL and intact membranes: (1) PTL who delivered at term; (2) PTL without IAI who delivered preterm; and (3) PTL with IAI who delivered preterm. The first was an exploratory study that included 16, 19, and 20 patients in groups 1, 2, and 3, respectively. The second study included 40, 33, and 40 patients in groups 1, 2, and 3, respectively. Amniotic fluid metabolic profiling was performed by combining chemical separation (with gas and liquid chromatography) and mass spectrometry. Compounds were identified using authentic standards. The data were analyzed using discriminant analysis for the first study and Random Forest for the second. Results. (1) In the first study, metabolomic profiling of the amniotic fluid was able to identify patients as belonging to the correct clinical group with an overall 96.3% (53/55) accuracy; 15 of 16 patients with PTL who delivered at term were correctly classified; all patients with PTL without IAI who delivered preterm neonates were correctly identified as such (19/19), while 19/20 patients with PTL and IAI were correctly classified. (2) In the second study, metabolomic profiling was able to identify patients as belonging to the correct clinical group with an accuracy of 88.5% (100/113); 39 of 40 patients with PTL who delivered at term were correctly classified; 29 of 33 patients with PTL without IAI who delivered preterm neonates were correctly classified. Among patients with PTL and IAI, 32/40 were correctly classified. The metabolites responsible for the classification of patients in different clinical groups were identified. A preliminary draft of the human amniotic fluid metabolome was generated and found to contain products of the intermediate metabolism of mammalian cells and xenobiotic compounds (e.g. bacterial products and Salicylamide). Conclusion. Among patients with spontaneous PTL with intact membranes, metabolic profiling of the amniotic fluid can be used to assess the risk of preterm delivery in the presence or absence of infection/inflammation.