Browsing by Author "Oddo, David"

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    Breast lesions with atypia in percutaneous biopsies, managed with surgery in the last 10 years
    (2019) Carrillo, Mitzy; Maturana, Gregorio; Maiz, Cristobal; Romero, Diego; Dominguez, Francisco; Oddo, David; Villarroel, Alejandra; Razmilic, Dravna; Elena Navarro, Maria; Leon, Augusto; Sanchez, Cesar; Camus, Mauricio
    Introduction: The optimal management of breast lesions with atypia (BLA), detected in percutaneous biopsies after screening mammograms, is a controversial issue. The aim of this paper is to compare histological diagnosis by percutaneous biopsy with the results of the surgical biopsy of these lesions and to analyse the changes to clinical approach this would imply.
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    Coryneform Bacteria in Granulomatous Lobular Mastitis: Morphological Diagnosis in Breast Biopsies
    (2019) Oddo, David; Stefanelli, Angeles; Villarroel, Alejandra; Mendez, Gonzalo P.
    Granulomatous lobular mastitis is a rare disease whose origin is still unknown and shows an increase in its frequency. Morphological, microbiological, and molecular biology studies have linked this disease to lipophilic and fastidious corynebacteria, suggesting its possible infectious etiology. This series describes and reviews in detail the distinctive morphological characteristics of the bacteria present in the granulomas of this disease, the usefulness of histochemical techniques for their identification, and our proposal for a tissue quantification score for the bacteria. The MacCallum-Goodpasture method of Gram's stain turned out to be the gold standard for examination, but we also highlight the efficiency of hematoxylin and eosin stain when it is exhaustively examined as well as the Grocott stain to evaluate the bacterial pleomorphism method, which is often underutilized.
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    Neutrophil/lymphocyte ratio in complete blood count as a mortality predictor in breast cancer
    (SOC MEDICA SANTIAGO, 2016) Mimica, Ximena; Acevedo, Francisco; Oddo, David; Ibanez, Carolina; Medina, Lidia; Kalergis, Alexis; Camus, Mauricio; Sanchez, Cesar
    Background: The white blood cell count is one of the most sensitive markers associated with inflammation. The neutrophil/lymphocyte count ratio may be an independent factor for breast cancer mortality. Aim: To assess the predictive value of the neutrophil/lymphocyte ratio for mortality in breast cancer. Material and Methods: Review of the database of a cancer center of a University hospital. Patients with infiltrating breast cancer treated between 1997 and 2012 were selected. The pathology type and lymph node involvement were obtained from the pathology report. The expression of estrogen, progesterone and Human Epidermal Growth Factor Receptor 2 (HER2) was determined by immunohistochemistry or in situ fluorescent hybridization (FISH). The absolute peripheral neutrophil and lymphocyte counts were obtained from a complete blood count obtained at least three months before treatment. Patients were followed for a median of 61 months (range 1-171). Results: From 323 eligible patients, after excluding those in stage IV and those without an available complete blood count, 131 patients were analyzed (81 with negative receptors and 117 HER2 enriched). The neutrophil/lymphocyte ratio was similar in both types of tumors (2.1 and 1.91 respectively). Twenty two patients died during follow-up. Surviving patients with HER2 enriched tumors had a lower neutrophil/lymphocyte ratio than those who died (1.79 and 3.21 respectively, p < 0.01). In a multivariate analysis, including age, tumor stage and lymph node involvement as confounding factors, the neutrophil/lymphocyte ratio was still significantly associated with a risk of death with a hazard ratio of 2.56. Conclusions: A high neutrophil/lymphocyte ratio in the complete blood count can be a predictor of death in breast cancer.
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    Pseudodematiaceous Fungi in Rhinosinusal Biopsies: Report of 2 Cases With Light and Electron Microscopy Analysis
    (2019) Oddo, David; Cisternas, Daisy; Mendez, Gonzalo P.
    The diagnosis of a mycosis is often established through a biopsy, which allows to differentiate invasive and non-invasive lesions, and also to identify hyaline and dematiaceous fungi. However, pigmented fungal elements that do not correspond to dematiaceous fungi, which we have called pseudodematiaceous, can occasionally be present in biopsies. Herein, we present 2 cases of mycosis caused by pseudodematiaceous fungi in rhinosinusal biopsies. A new classification for fungi identified in biopsies is proposed, dividing them into 3 groups: hyaline, dematiaceous, and pseudodematiaceous.
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    Surgical treatment in oligometastatic breast cancer
    (2019) Vargas, Catalina; Maiz, Cristobal; Elena Navarro, Maria; Oddo, David; Sanchez, Cesar; Bustos, Marisa; Camus, Mauricio
    Metastatic breast cancer (MBC) management is based on systemic treatment (ST), while the local therapy role remains controversial. We present the case of a 36-year-old woman with a diagnosis of hormone receptor-positive and human epidermal growth factor receptor type 2-positive breast cancer and isolated sternal metastasis, who received neoadjuvant ST with complete remission and later primary tumour surgery. Oligometastatic patients are a subgroup of MBC that can benefit from aggressive local therapies, even with curative intent.
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    Survival rates of advanced estrogen-receptor positive breast cancer. Analysis of 211 cases
    (2020) Sanchez, Cesar; Dominguez, Francisco; Galindo, Hector; Camus, Mauricio; Oddo, David; Villarroel, Alejandra; Razmilic, Dravna; Pena, Jose; Elena Navarro, Maria; Medina, Lidia; Merino, Tomas; Briones, Juan; Acevedo, Francisco
    Background: About 80% of breast cancer (BC) cases express estrogen receptor (ER), which has been correlated with good prognosis and response to estrogen deprivation Aim: To characterize ER positive advanced BC (ABC) patients treated at our institution assessing the impact of clinical presentation (stage IV, de novo disease at diagnosis versus systemic recurrence) and BC subtype on survival rates. Material and Methods: We evaluated 211 ER+ advanced BC (ABC) patients, treated between 1997 and 2017. Results: The median overall survival (OS) was 37 months. Median OS for the period 1997/2006 and 2007/2017 were 33 and 42 months, respectively (p = 0.47). Luminal A, ABC stage IV disease at diagnosis displayed better OS rates than Luminal B stage IV tumors (100 and 32 months respectively, p < 0.01). Conclusions: Clinical presentation (stage IV vs. systemic recurrence) and tumor subtype are key determinants of OS in ABC.
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    Syphilitic tonsillitis presenting as an ulcerated tonsillar tumor with ipsilateral lymphadenopathy
    (ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC, 2007) Oddo, David; Carrasco, Gonzalo; Capdeville, Felipe; Ayala, Maria Fernanda
    We describe a 49-year-old man who presented with a cervical mass of a week's evolution, which clinically mimicked a tumoral expansion. Physical examination showed a left cervical mass of 6 x 4 x 2 cm, associated to a left ulcerated tonsillar tumor. The presumptive diagnosis was a tonsillar cancer with lymph node involvement. An amygdalectomy and a frozen section biopsy of the cervical tumor were performed. The biopsy displayed a reactive lymphadenopathy with follicular and interfollicular hyperplasia rich in plasma cells, epithelioid areas, and an outstanding parcel fibrosis of subcapsular, interfollicular, and perifollicular distribution associated to an isolated focus of polymorphonuclear leukocytes and obliterative parietal angiovascular proliferation. The tonsil presented a similar but ulcerated process. These results suggested an infectious reactive process, probably luetic. A Warthin-Starry stain revealed spirochetes in the tonsillar ulcer. Laboratory examinations revealed a positive VDRL test and negative serology for HIV. In conclusion, a primary syphilis of the oropharyngeal tonsil with a syphilic lymphadenopathy was diagnosed. The literature about tonsillar syphilis is reviewed. (C) 2007 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.
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    Vertical transmission of Trypanosoma cruzi in the Province of Choapa, IV Region, Chile. Preliminary Report (2005-2008)
    (SOC BIOLGIA CHILE, 2010) Apt, Werner; Zulantay, Ines; Solari, Aldo; Ortiz, Sylvia; Oddo, David; Corral, Gabriela; Truyens, Carine; Carlier, Yves
    Congenital Chagas disease acquired special importance in Chile after the certification of the control of Triatoma infestans and transmission by blood donors affected with Trypanosoma cruzi. In order to establish adequate protocols for intervention and control in infected mother-neonate pairs in endemic zones of Chagas disease, we present partial results (2005-2008) of a pilot project which is being carried out in the Province of Choapa, IV Region, Chile, whose objectives are: determine the current prevalence of the disease in pregnant women, estimate the incidence of vertical transmission of T. cruzi to newborns, determine the lineages of the parasite present in mothers who do and do not transmit the disease, determine the prevalence of Chagas disease in maternal grandmothers of neonates and study placental histopathology. Preliminary results indicated that in this study period, 3.7% of the women who gave birth in the Province have Chagas disease and 2.5% of their newborns were infected. The most frequent T. cruzi genotypes found in mothers studied during pregnancy were TCI and TCIId, either alone or in mixed infections. A high percentage (74.3%) of the grandmothers studied was infected with the parasite. In 29 placentas from mothers with Chagas disease we observed edema, necrosis, fibrinoid deposits and slight lymphoplasmocyte infiltration. In three placentas we found erythroblastosis and in one of them amastigote forms of T. cruzi; this was one of the cases of congenital infection. The evaluation of the diagnostic and control protocols generated will allow us to determine if it has been possible to modify the natural history of vertical transmission of T. cruzi in Chile.