Browsing by Author "Pérez Cortés, Carlos"

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    Historia natural de la infección por virus de inmunodeficiencia humano en una cohorte de pacientes chilenos
    (1996) Vial Claro, Pablo Agustín; Ferreccio Readi, Catterina; Abarca Villaseca, Katia; Ortiz Neira, Marisol Edith; Noriega Ricalde, Miguel Luis; Pérez Cortés, Carlos; Labarca L., Jaime; Torres H. M.; Ferrés, Marcela; González Wiedmaier, Claudia; Acuña L., Guillermo
    We characterized clinical manifestations and the risk to develop AIDS in a cohort of 32 patients infected with human immunodeficiency virus without AIDS. A multivariate analysis was performed to determine association between the progression of infection and control variables (socioeconomic level, age, sex and sexual preferences) and causal variables (psycho-social changes, significant clinical events, stress scoring and sexual activity). The cumulative AIDS incidence, defined as a CD4 lymphocyte count below 200 cells/cm3 was 50% at 6.5 years and 82% at 8 years. Using clinical criteria to define AIDS, 50% developed the disease at 8 years of follow up. Among studied factors, only age (faster progression at higher age) and time of evolution were associated with progression. In stages before AIDS, the most frequent diseases were acute diarrhea, sexual transmission diseases, oral candidiasis, sinusitis and varicella zoster infections. The reduction of CD4 lymphocytes below 200 cells/cm3 always preceded the symptoms of the disease. Two patients have remained more than eight years without clinical or immunological deterioration.
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    Tuberculosis en individuos con infección por VIH en Chile: Estudio de prevalencia e impacto sobre mortalidad
    (2008) Villarroel del Pino, Luis A.; Rabagliati B., Ricardo; Balcells Marty, María Elvira; Karzulovic Busch, Lorena Karina; Pérez Cortés, Carlos
    Background: Tuberculosis (TB) in Chile is reaching the elimination phase; however, in HIV positive individuals the incidence ofTB in still very high. Aim To describe the association between TB and HIV in different geographical regions in Chile, and to determine the association between TB and HIV/AIDS mortality. Patients and methods: A retrospective study that included individuals from the main HIV clinics from four regions with different TB prevalence in the general population (per 100,000): Arica (>30), Concepcion/Arauco (25-29), Valparaiso/San Antonio (20-24) and Metropolitana Sur-Oriente (SSMSO) (<20), attended between January 1998 and September 2004. Results: Nine hundred and twelve HIV positive individuals were included. Gobal prevalence ofTB was 6.2% [95% confidence intervals (Cl) 5.2-7.2%]. TB was more common in older subjects (p =0.039) and those with lower CD4 counts (p <0.001) and higher HIV viral load (p =0.033). In 66% of cases, the disease had a pulmonary localization. TB was the recorded cause of death in 7.4% of subjects. Only 29% of patients had a tuberculin skin test performed at the moment of HIV diagnosis. The prevalence of TB in HIV positive patients, followed the trend of TB prevalence in the general population: Concepcion/Arauco (11.9%), Valparaiso/San Antonio (7.1%) and SSMSO (3.9%). However HIV positive subjects from Arica showed an unexpectedly low TB prevalence (5.5%). Conclusions: TB in HIV/AIDS patients included in this study is over 300 times more prevalent than in the general population. TB prevalence in HIV positive subjects follows regional TB prevalence, excepting Arica. Effectiveness and feasibility of latent TB diagnostic strategies and treatment in HIV positive individuals should be reviewed.
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    Tuberculosis en individuos con infección por VIH en Chile: Estudio de prevalencia e impacto sobre mortalidad
    (SOC MEDICA SANTIAGO, 2008) Villarroel del Pino, Luis A.; Rabagliati B., Ricardo; Balcells Marty, María Elvira; Karzulovic Busch, Lorena Karina; Pérez Cortés, Carlos
    Background: Tuberculosis (TB) in Chile is reaching the elimination phase, however, in HIV positive individual the incidence of TB in still very high. Aim: To describe the association between TB and HIV in different geographical regions in Chile, and to determine the association between 773 and HIV/AIDS) mortality. Patients and methods: A retrospective study that included individuals from the main HIV clinics from four regions with different TB prevalence in the general population (per 100,000): Arica (> 30), Concepcion/Arauco (25-29), Valparaiso/San Antonio (20-24) and Metropolitana Sur-Oriente (SSMSO) (< 20), attended between january 1998 and september 2004. Results. Nine hundred and twelve HIV positive individuals were included. Gobal prevalence of TB was 6.2% [95916 confidence intervals (Q) 5-2-72%. TB was more common in older subjects (p =0.039) and those with lower CD4 counts (p < 0.001) and higher HIV viral load (p =0.033). In 66% of cased, the disease bad a pulmonary localization. TB was the recorded cause (of death in 7.4% of subjects. Only 2996 of patients bad a tuberculin skin test performed at the moment of HIV diagnosis. The prevalence of 773 in HIV positive patients, followed the trend of TB prevalence in the general population: Concepcion/Arauco (11-9%), Valparaiso/San Antonio (71%) and SSMSO (3.9%). However HIV positive subjects from Arica showed an unexpectedly low 773 prevalence (5.5%). Conclusions: TB in HIV/AIDS patients included in this study is over 300 times more prevalent than in the general population. TB prevalence in HIV positive subjects follows regional TB prevalence, excepting Arica. Effectiveness and feasibility of latent TB diagnostic strategies and treatment in HIV positive individuals should be reviewed (Rev Med Chile 2008; 136: 578-86).