Browsing by Author "Pacheco Ruidiaz, Gaspar Andrés"

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    Differential immune response induced by two immunization schedules with an inactivated SARS-CoV-2 vaccine in a randomized phase 3 clinical trial
    (2022) Galvez Arriagada, Nicolás Marcelo Salvador; Pacheco Ruidiaz, Gaspar Andrés; Schültz Lombardic, Barbara Melinka; Melo González, Felipe Andrés; Soto Ramírez, Jorge Andrés; Duarte Peñaloza, Luisa Fernanda; González Carreño, Liliana Andrea; Rivera Pérez, Daniela Belén; Ríos Raggio, Mariana; Berríos, Roslye V.; Vazquéz Hernandéz, Yaneisi; Moreno Tapia, Daniela Paz; Vallejos Galvez, Omar Patricio; Andrade Parra, Catalina Andrea; Hoppe Elsholz, Guillermo; Iturriaga, Carolina; Urzua, Marcela; Navarrete, María S.; Rojas González, Álvaro Miguel; Fasce Pineda, Rodrigo Andrés; Fernández, Jorge; Mora, Judith; Ramírez, Eugenio; Gaete Argel, Aracelly; Acevedo Blanco, Mónica Andrea; Valiente Echeverría, Fernando; Soto Rifo, Ricardo; Weiskopf, Daniela; Grifoni, Alba; Sette, Alessandro; Zeng, Gang; Meng, Weining; González Aramundiz, José Vicente; Goldblatt, David; Acuna González, Pablo Ernesto; Abarca Villaseca, Katia; Bueno Ramírez, Susan Marcela; Kalergis Parra, Alexis Mikes
    Background: The development of vaccines to control the COVID-19 pandemic progression is a worldwide priority. CoronaVac® is an inactivated SARS-CoV-2 vaccine approved for emergency use with robust efficacy and immunogenicity data reported in trials in China, Brazil, Indonesia, Turkey, and Chile. Methods: This study is a randomized, multicenter, and controlled phase 3 trial in healthy Chilean adults aged ≥18 years. Volunteers received two doses of CoronaVac® separated by two (0-14 schedule) or four weeks (0-28 schedule). 2,302 volunteers were enrolled, 440 were part of the immunogenicity arm, and blood samples were obtained at different times. Samples from a single center are reported. Humoral immune responses were evaluated by measuring the neutralizing capacities of circulating antibodies. Cellular immune responses were assessed by ELISPOT and flow cytometry. Correlation matrixes were performed to evaluate correlations in the data measured. Results: Both schedules exhibited robust neutralizing capacities with the response induced by the 0-28 schedule being better. No differences were found in the concentration of antibodies against the virus and different variants of concern between schedules. Stimulation of PBMCs with MPs induced the secretion of IFN-γ and the expression of activation induced markers for both schedules. Correlation matrixes showed strong correlations between neutralizing antibodies and IFN-γ secretion. Conclusions: Immunization with CoronaVac® in Chilean adults promotes robust cellular and humoral immune responses. The 0-28 schedule induced a stronger humoral immune response than the 0-14 schedule.
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    Host components that modulate the disease caused by hmpv
    (MDPI AG, 2021) Gálvez Arriagada, Nicolás Marcelo Salvador; Andrade Parra, Catalina Andrea; Pacheco Ruidiaz, Gaspar Andrés; Soto Ramírez, Jorge Andrés; Stranger Mac-kinnon, Vicente; Rivera, Tomás; Vásquez A.E.; Kalergis Parra, Alexis Mikes
    © 2021 by the authors. Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland.Human metapneumovirus (hMPV) is one of the main pathogens responsible for acute respiratory infections in children up to 5 years of age, contributing substantially to health bur-den. The worldwide economic and social impact of this virus is significant and must be addressed. The structural components of hMPV (either proteins or genetic material) can be detected by several receptors expressed by host cells through the engagement of pattern recognition receptors. The recognition of the structural components of hMPV can promote the signaling of the immune response to clear the infection, leading to the activation of several pathways, such as those related to the interferon response. Even so, several intrinsic factors are capable of modulating the immune response or directly inhibiting the replication of hMPV. This article will discuss the current knowledge regarding the innate and adaptive immune response during hMPV infections. Accordingly, the host intrinsic components capable of modulating the immune response and the elements capable of restricting viral replication during hMPV infections will be examined.