Browsing by Author "Pena, Anamaria"

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    Fuente de infección de Bordetella pertussis en lactantes hospitalizados por coqueluche
    (SOC MEDICA SANTIAGO, 2011) Perret, Cecilia; Viviani, Tamara; Pena, Anamaria; Abarca, Katia; Ferres, Marcela
    Background: Despite pertussis vaccination, very young infants have the highest rates of morbidity and mortality caused by the microorganism. Aim: To determine the source of Pertussis infection in infants aged six months or less in Chile. Material and Methods: Twenty six household contacts of 10 young infants hospitalized with confirmed Pertussis were studied for the presence of Bordetella Pertussis by polymerase chain reaction (PCR). Clinical and demographic data were analyzed. Results: Respiratory symptoms were present in 20 (77%) contacts, being cough the most common. Pertussis cases were identified in every household and in 18 (72%) of the household members. Four members with B.pertussis were asymptomatic. Source of infection was identified in 80% (8/10) of the infant cases with ages ranging from 6 to 62 years. Half of primary cases had positive PR and their cough duration was significantly shorter compared to primary cases with negative PER. Conclusions: B. pertussis transmission to young infants occurred mainly within the household where adults are generally the source of the infection. Risk factors for infant infection are the same as in developed countries. Therefore, the same strategies, such as routine vaccination in adolescents and adults or cocoon strategy, will help to prevent this disease in infants. (Rev Med Chile 2011; 139: 448-454).
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    Occult bacteremia in Sotero del Rio Hospital. Experience after pneumococcal conjugated vaccine
    (SOC CHILENA INFECTOLOGIA, 2017) Budnik, Isolda; Sandoval, Alejandra; Prado, Alejandra; Labbe, Marcela; Pena, Anamaria; Viviani, Tamara
    Background: Occult bacteremia (OB) is one of the possible diagnoses of children younger than 3 years with fever without source in the emergency room. Objective: describe OB in the era after introduction of pneumococcal vaccine in Chile. Patients and Methods: Prospective descriptive review of data of children with possible OB diagnosis, referred from the emergency department between 2010-2013. Results: Possible OB was diagnosed on 391 patients. 233 had focus, mainly respiratory virus and urinary tract infection. On 158 patients, probable BO was diagnosed, 20 had proven OB from which 15 had positive blood culture for Streptococcus pneumoniae. From these, 7 were fully or partially vaccinated. The serotype was identified on 14 cases: 6 were PCV10 vaccine serotypes (none of them vaccinated), 2 were serotype related (both partially vaccinated) and 6 were non vaccine serotypes (partially or totally vaccinated). Discussion: It is necessary to improve diagnostic methods for respiratory viruses and urinary tract infections and try to expand coverage of pneumococcal conjugated vaccines in the pediatric population in order to reduce the risk of invasive pneumococcal disease in Chile.