Browsing by Author "Pinto, Terezinha de Jesus Andreoli"

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    Biomedical Applications of polymeric micelles in the treatment of diabetes mellitus: Current success and future approaches
    (2022) Kaur, Jaskiran; Gulati, Monica; Zacconi, Flavia C. M.; Dureja, Harish; Loebenberg, Raimar; Ansari, Md Salahuddin; AlOmeir, Othman; Alam, Aftab; Chellappan, Dinesh Kumar; Gupta, Gaurav; Jha, Niraj Kumar; Pinto, Terezinha de Jesus Andreoli; Morris, Andrew; Choonara, Yahya E.; Adams, Jon; Dua, Kamal; Singh, Sachin Kumar
    Introduction Diabetes mellitus (DM) is the most common metabolic disease and multifactorial, harming patients worldwide. Extensive research has been carried out in the search for novel drug delivery systems offering reliable control of glucose levels for diabetics, aiming at efficient management of DM. Areas covered Polymeric micelles (PMs) as smart drug delivery nanocarriers are discussed, focusing on oral drug delivery applications for the management of hyperglycemia. The most recent approaches used for the preparation of smart PMs employ molecular features of amphiphilic block copolymers (ABCs), such as stimulus sensitivity, ligand conjugation, and as a more specific example the ability to inhibit islet amyloidosis. Expert opinion PMs provide a unique platform for self-regulated or spatiotemporal drug delivery, mimicking the working mode of pancreatic islets to maintain glucose homeostasis for prolonged periods. This unique characteristic is achieved by tailoring the functional chemistry of ABCs considering the physicochemical traits of PMs, including sensing capabilities, hydrophobicity, etc. In addition, the application of ABCs for the inhibition of conformational changes in islet amyloid polypeptide garnered attention as one of the root causes of DM. However, research in this field is limited and further studies at the clinical level are required.
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    Targeting mucus barrier in respiratory diseases by chemically modified advanced delivery systems
    (ELSEVIER IRELAND LTD, 2022) Prasher, Parteek; Sharma, Mousmee; Singh, Sachin Kumar; Gulati, Monica; Jha, Niraj Kumar; Gupta, Piyush Kumar; Gupta, Gaurav; Chellappan, Dinesh Kumar; Zacconi, Flavia C. M.; Pinto, Terezinha de Jesus Andreoli; Chan, Yinghan; Liu, Gang; Paudel, Keshav Raj; Hansbro, Philip M.; Oliver, Brian Gregory George; Dua, Kamal
    Mucus gel constitutes of heavily cross-linked mucin fibers forming a viscoelastic, dense porous network that coats all the exposed epithelia not covered with the skin. The layer provides protection to the underlying gastrointestinal, respiratory, and female reproductive tracts, in addition to the organs such as the surface of eye by trapping the pathogens, irritants, environmental fine particles, and potentially hazardous foreign matter. However, this property of mucus gel poses a substantial challenge for realizing the localized and sustained drug delivery across the mucosal surfaces. The mucus permeating particles that spare the protective properties of mucus gel improve the therapeutic potency of the drugs aimed at the management of diseases, including sexually transmitted infections, lung cancer, irritable bowel disease, degenerative eye diseases and infections, and cystic fibrosis. As such, the mucoadhesive materials conjugated with drug molecules display a prolonged retention time in the mucosal gel that imparts a sustained release of the deliberated drug molecules across the mucosa. The contemporarily developed mucus penetrating materials for drug delivery applications comprise of a finer size, appreciable hydrophilicity, and a neutral surface to escape the entrapment within the cross-inked mucus fibers. Pertaining to the mucus secretion as a first line of defence in respiratory tract in response to the invading physical, chemical, and biological pathogens, the development of mucus penetrating materials hold promise as a stalwart approach for revolutionizing the respiratory drug delivery paradigm. The present review provides an epigrammatic collation of the mucus penetrating/mucoadhesive materials for achieving a controlled/sustained release of the cargo pharmaceutics and drug molecules across the respiratory mucus barrier.