Browsing by Author "Quintana, C"

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    Differences between nuclear run-off and mRNA levels for multidrug resistance gene expression in the cephalocaudal axis of the mouse Intestine
    (ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV, 1995) Chianale, J; Vollrath, V; Wielandt, AM; Miranda, S; Gonzalez, R; Fresno, AM; Quintana, C; Gonzalez, S; Andrade, L; Guzman, S
    P-glycoprotein is a multidrug transporter encoded by the mdr3 gene in the mouse intestinal epithelium. The aims of this study were to characterize the mdr3 gene expression in the cephalocaudal axis of the intestine in adult animals and during perinatal development, and to define the molecular mechanism responsible for the heterogeneous expression of the gene along the cephalocaudal axis. RNA extracted from stomach, duodenum, jejunum, ileum, cecum and colon was hybridized by slot blot and Northern blot using a mdr3 cDNA probe. The regulation of gene expression was investigated examining the rate of transcription by nuclear run-off analysis. Transport studies of rhodamine 123, a substrate of P-glycoprotein, were performed in everted jejunum and ileum. The level of mdr3 mRNA and P-glycoprotein found in ileum was 6-fold higher than the level found in duodenum. The regional pattern of mdr3 gene expression is established in the intestine of 10-day-old animals. Similar mdr3 hybridization signal in nuclear run-off assay was found in nuclei of enterocytes isolated from jejunum and ileum, suggesting that the heterogeneous expression of the mdr3 gene in the cephalocaudal axis of the small bowel may be predominantly regulated at the post-transcriptional level. Transport rate of rhodamine 123 from the serosal to mucosal side in everted ileum was higher than the rate of transport found in jejunum. These results indicate that enterocytes of the ileum may be more actively involved in the P-glycoprotein-mediated transport of xenobiotics into the intestinal lumen.
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    The terminally ill patient
    (2000) Bravo, M; Echeverria, C; Goic, A; Kottow, M; Lavados, M; Mosso, L; Perez, M; Quintana, C; Rojas, A; Rosselot, E; Serani, A; Taboada, P; Trejo, C; Soc Med Santiago; NCD Risk Factor Collaboration (NCD-RisC)
    The classification of a patient as terminally ill is based on an expert diagnosis of a severe and irreversible disease and the absence of an effective available treatment, according to present medical knowledge. Terminal diseases must not be confused with severe ones, since the latter may be reversible with an adequate and timely treatment. The physician assumes a great responsibility at the moment of diagnosing a patient as terminally ill. The professional must assume his care until the moment of death. This care must be oriented to the alleviation of symptoms and to provide the best possible quality of life. Also, help must be provided to deal with personal, legal and religious issues that may concern the patient.
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    Treatment of acute infantile diarrhoea with a commercial rice-based oral rehydration solution
    (ICDDR B, 1995) Guiraldes, E; Trivino, X; Hodgson, MI; Quintana, JC; Quintana, C
    This randomized clinical trial compared the efficacy of an oral rehydration solution (ORS) formulated with commercial rice powder, 50 g/l, with that of a glucose-based WHO/UNICEF-recommended ORS in the management of 48 inpatients aged 3-24 months, with acute dehydrating watery diarrhoea, Stool outputs were generally high in these patients, and 11 patients (22%) required additional intravenous rehydration solutions, The stool output (ml/kg) in the first 24 hours was [geometric mean, (95% confidence intervals)] 213 (153-353) in the rice-ORS group versus 146 (108-232) in the glucose-ORS group, while the total stool output was 455 (298-933) versus 307 (209-625); (p value not significant), The mean (+/-SD) duration of diarrhoea in hospital was: 72+/-10 hours in the study group versus 77+/-12 hours in the control group (p value NS), Enteropathogens were found in 94% of the patients, rotavirus being prevalent in 85% of the cases. It is concluded that the rice-ORS used in this trial is no more efficacious than the standard glucose-ORS advocated by WHO/UNICEF in the treatment of infants with watery non-cholera dehydrating diarrhoea, In some cases, ORS formulated with the commercial cereal-based products might actually increase the stool losses in infants with high-output non-cholera diarrhoea.