Browsing by Author "Rey-Jurado, Emma"

Now showing 1 - 9 of 9
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    A single, low dose of a cGMP recombinant BCG vaccine elicits protective T cell immunity against the human respiratory syncytial virus infection and prevents lung pathology in mice
    (2017) Céspedes, Pablo F.; Rey-Jurado, Emma; Espinoza Véliz, Janyra Alejandra; Rivera, Claudia A.; Canedo Marroquín, Gisela Eliana; Bueno Ramírez, Susan; Kalergis Parra, Alexis Mikes
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    A single, low dose of a cGMP recombinant BCG vaccine elicits protective T cell immunity against the human respiratory syncytial virus infection and prevents lung pathology in. mice
    (2017) Cespedes, Pablo F.; Rey-Jurado, Emma; Espinoza, Janyra A.; Rivera, Claudia A.; Canedo-Marroquin, Gisela; Bueno, Susan M.; Kalergis, Alexis M.
    Human respiratory syncytial virus (hRSV) is a major health burden worldwide, causing the majority of hospitalizations in children under two years old due to bronchiolitis and pneumonia. HRSV causes year-to-year outbreaks of disease, which also affects the elderly and immunocompromised adults. Furthermore, both hRSV morbidity and epidemics are explained by a consistently high rate of re infections that take place throughout the patient life. Although significant efforts have been invested worldwide, currently there are no licensed vaccines to prevent hRSV infection. Here, we describe that a recombinant Bacillus Calmette-Guerin (BCG) vaccine expressing the nucleoprotein (N) of hRSV formulated under current good manufacture practices (cGMP rBCG-N-hRSV) confers protective immunity to the virus in mice. Our results show that a single dose of the GMP rBCG-N-hRSV vaccine retains its capacity to protect mice against a challenge with a disease-causing infection of 1 x 10(7) plaque -forming units (PFUs) of the hRSV A2 clinical strain 13018-8. Compared to unimmunized infected controls, vaccinated mice displayed reduced weight loss and less infiltration of neutrophils within the airways, as well as reduced viral loads in bronchoalveolar lavages, parameters that are characteristic of hRSV infection in mice. Also, ex vivo re-stimulation of splenic T cells at 28 days post-immunization activated a repertoire of T cells secreting IFN-gamma and IL-17, which further suggest that the rBCG-N-hRSV vaccine induced a mixed, CD8(+) and cD4(+) T cell response capable of both restraining viral spread and preventing damage of the lungs. All these features support the notion that rBCG-N-hRSV is a promising candidate vaccine to be used in humans to prevent the disease caused by hRSV in the susceptible population. (C) 2016 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
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    Assessing the Importance of Domestic Vaccine Manufacturing Centers: An Overview of Immunization Programs, Vaccine Manufacture, and Distribution
    (2018) Rey-Jurado, Emma; Tapia, Felipe; Munoz-Durango, Natalia; Lay, Margarita K.; Carreno, Leandro J.; Riedel, Claudia A.; Bueno Ramírez, Susan; Genzel, Yvonne; Kalergis Parra, Alexis Mikes
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    Contribution of autophagy to antiviral immunity
    (2015) Rey-Jurado, Emma; Riedel, Claudia A.; Gonzalez, Pablo A.; Bueno Ramírez, Susan; Kalergis Parra, Alexis Mikes
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    Immunological Features of Respiratory Syncytial Virus-Caused Pneumonia-Implications for Vaccine Design.
    (2017) Rey-Jurado, Emma; Pizarro-Ortega, Magdalena S.; Kalergis, Alexis M.
    The human respiratory syncytial virus (hRSV) is the causative agent for high rates of hospitalizations due to viral bronchiolitis and pneumonia worldwide. Such a disease is characterized by an infection of epithelial cells of the distal airways that leads to inflammation and subsequently to respiratory failure. Upon infection, different pattern recognition receptors recognize the virus and trigger the innate immune response against the hRSV. Further, T cell immunity plays an important role for virus clearance. Based on animal studies, it is thought that the host immune response to hRSV is based on a biased T helper (Th)-2 and Th17 T cell responses with the recruitment of T cells, neutrophils and eosinophils to the lung, causing inflammation and tissue damage. In contrast, human immunity against RSV has been shown to be more complex with no definitive T cell polarization profile. Nowadays, only a humanized monoclonal antibody, known as palivizumab, is available to protect against hRSV infection in high-risk infants. However, such treatment involves several injections at a significantly high cost. For these reasons, intense research has been focused on finding novel vaccines or therapies to prevent hRSV infection in the population. Here, we comprehensively review the recent literature relative to the immunological features during hRSV infection, as well as the new insights into preventing the disease caused by this virus.
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    In vitro time-kill curves study of three antituberculous combinations against Mycobacterium tuberculosis clinical isolates
    (2016) Lopez-Gavin, Alexandre; Tudo, Griselda; Rey-Jurado, Emma; Vergara, Andrea; Hurtado, Juan Carlos; Gonzalez-Martin, Julian
    The objective of this study was to examine the in vitro synergism of three-drug combinations against Mycobacterium tuberculosis (levofloxacin/linezolid/ethambutol, levofloxacin/amikacin/ethambutol and levofloxacin/linezolid/amikacin) using the time-kill curves method. In total, 8 multidrug-resistant and 12 drug-susceptible M. tuberculosis isolates were used. Minimum inhibitory concentrations (MICs) of the isolates for each drug were determined by the proportions method. Time-kill curves were studied for the three combinations proposed over 14 days using two different protocols. In protocol 1, 0.5 x MIC for each drug was used. In protocol 2, 0.5 x MIC for levofloxacin and linezolid and 0.25 x MIC for amikacin and ethambutol were used. The MICs for all of the isolates studied were 0.5 mg/L for levofloxacin and linezolid and 2.5 mg/L for ethambutol and amikacin. All of the combinations displayed an additive activity compared with the most active individual drug. In conclusion, these results demonstrate that the three combinations tested were equally effective against M. tuberculosis isolates. The study of antituberculous combinations using in vitro methods is an excellent first step to predict their effect in clinical development phases as well as to test new regimens of the antituberculous drugs currently available. (C) 2015 Elsevier B.V. and the International Society of Chemotherapy. All rights reserved.
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    Insights on the crosstalk between dendritic cells and helper T cells in novel genetic etiology for mendelian susceptible mycobacterial disease.
    (2018) Rey-Jurado, Emma; Pizarro-Ortega, Magdalena S.; Kalergis, Alexis M.; Mendelian susceptibility to mycobacterial disease (MSMD) is an inherited predisposition to infections by Bacille-Calmette Guérin (BCG) vaccine or by environmental mycobacteria. The etiology of MSMD has been associated with up to nineteen different genetic mutations in interferon (IFN)-γ-related genes.1 Although mycobacteria susceptibility-associated genetic mutations are rare in the population, their diagnosis is crucial for an efficient and timely treatment. Kong et al.2 have recently described an autosomal recessive deficiency in the signal.
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    Refractory systemic juvenile idiopathic arthritis successfully treated with rapamycin
    (Oxford University Press, 2021) Concha, Sara; Rey-Jurado, Emma; Poli, M. Cecilia; Hoyos-Bachiloglu, Rodrigo
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    TCR Repertoire Characterization for T Cells Expanded in Response to hRSV Infection in Mice Immunized with a Recombinant BCG Vaccine
    (2020) Rey-Jurado, Emma; Bohmwald, Karen; Correa, Hernan G.; Kalergis, Alexis M.
    T cells play an essential role in the immune response against the human respiratory syncytial virus (hRSV). It has been described that both CD4(+) and CD8(+) T cells can contribute to the clearance of the virus during an infection. However, for some individuals, such an immune response can lead to an exacerbated and detrimental inflammatory response with high recruitment of neutrophils to the lungs. The receptor of most T cells is a heterodimer consisting of alpha and beta chains (alpha beta TCR) that upon antigen engagement induces the activation of these cells. The alpha beta TCR molecule displays a broad sequence diversity that defines the T cell repertoire of an individual. In our laboratory, a recombinant Bacille Calmette-Guerin (BCG) vaccine expressing the nucleoprotein (N) of hRSV (rBCG-N-hRSV) was developed. Such a vaccine induces T cells with a Th1 polarized phenotype that promote the clearance of hRSV infection without causing inflammatory lung damage. Importantly, as part of this work, the T cell receptor (TCR) repertoire of T cells expanded after hRSV infection in naive and rBCG-N-hRSV-immunized mice was characterized. A more diverse TCR repertoire was observed in the lungs from rBCG-N-hRSV-immunized as compared to unimmunized hRSV-infected mice, suggesting that vaccination with the recombinant rBCG-N-hRSV vaccine triggers the expansion of T cell populations that recognize more viral epitopes. Furthermore, differential expansion of certain TCRV beta chains was found for hRSV infection (TCRV beta(+)8.3 and TCRV beta(+)5.1,5.2) as compared to rBCG-N-hRSV vaccination (TCRV beta(+)11 and TCRV beta(+)12). Our findings contribute to better understanding the T cell response during hRSV infection, as well as the functioning of a vaccine that induces a protective T cell immunity against this virus.