Browsing by Author "Solari Gajardo, Sandra"

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    A simple RNA preparation method for SARS-CoV-2 detection by RT-qPCR
    (2020) Wozniak Banchero, Aniela; Cerda Rojas, Ariel Patricio; Lamig Giannini, Liliana Andrea; Solari Gajardo, Sandra; Guzmán Durán, Ana María; Riveras Hernández, Eleodoro Javier; Ferres Garrido, Marcela Viviana; Gutiérrez Ilabaca, Rodrigo Antonio; García Cañete, Patricia; Ibarra Henriquez, C.; Sebastian, V.; Armijo, G.; Lamig, L.; Miranda, C.; Lagos, M.; Quiroga, T.; Hitschfeld, S.
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    Aproximación al patrón de normalidad de TSH para la población chilena según Encuesta Nacional de Salud 2009-2010
    (2013) Mosso Gómez, Lorena; Margozzini Maira, Paula; Trejo, Pamela; Domínguez de Landa, María Angélica; Solari Gajardo, Sandra; Valdivia Cabrera, Gonzalo; Arteaga U., Eugenio
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    Bile acids synthesis decreases after laparoscopic sleeve gastrectomy
    (2016) Escalona, Alex; Muñoz, R.; Irribarra Pastenes, Verónica; Solari Gajardo, Sandra; Allende, Fidel; Miquel P., Juan Francisco
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    Detección del SARS-CoV-2 mediante RT-qPCR utilizando saliva en pacientesambulatorios con estudio de COVID-19
    (2022) Perret Perez, Cecilia; Abarca Villaseca, Katia; Solari Gajardo, Sandra; Aguilera, Pablo; Garcia-huidobro Munita, Diego Nicolas; Olivares, Felipe; Palma, Carlos; Contreras, Ana María; Martinez Valdebenito, Constanza Pamela; Ferrés, Marcela
    La pandemia de COVID-19 ha afectado a millonesde personas en todo el mundo. La identificación de sujetos infectadosha sido importante para el control. Objetivo: Evaluar el rendimiento deuna reacción de polimerasa en cadena (RPC) cuantitativa en tiemporeal (en inglés: RT-qPCR) para SARS-CoV-2, utilizando saliva comomatriz en comparación con un hisopado nasofaríngeo (HNF). Metodología: Se reclutaron adultos en atención ambulatoria, la mayoría sintomáticos. Fueron estudiadas 530 muestras pareadas de saliva e HNF con RT-qPCR. Resultados: Fueron positivas 59 muestras de HNF y 54 de saliva. La sensibilidad con saliva fue 91%, especificidad 100%, el valor predictor positivo (VPP) 100%, valor predictor negativo (VPN) 98%. El índice Kappa fue de 0,95 y LR-0,08. En promedio, el umbral de ciclo (en inglés cycle threshold-CT) de la saliva fue 3,99 puntos más alto que los de HNF (p < 0,0001) mostrando que la carga viral (CV) es menor en saliva. La carga viral en ambas disminuyó con el tiempo después del inicio de los síntomas. El muestreo de saliva fue preferido por los sujetos en lugar de HNF. Conclusión: Este estudio demuestra que la RPC para SARS-CoV-2 utilizando saliva, es adecuada para el diagnóstico de COVID-19 en adultos ambulatorios,especialmente en la etapa temprana de los síntomas.
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    Dexmedetomidine pharmacokinetics in the obese
    (2015) Cortínez Fernández, Luis Ignacio; Anderson, Brian J.; Holford, Nick H. G.; Puga, Valentina; De La Fuente, Natalia; Auad, Hernán; Solari Gajardo, Sandra; Allende, Fidel; Ibacache Figueroa, Mauricio Enrique
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    Different effects of progesterone and estradiol on chimeric and wild type aldosterone synthase in vitro
    (2013) Vecchiola Cárdenas, Andrea Paola; Lagos Arévalo, Carlos Fernando; Fuentes Zúñiga, Cristóbal Andrés; Allende, Fidel; Campino Johnson, María del Carmen; Valdivia, Carolina.; Tapia Castillo, Alejandra.; Owen, Gareth Ivor; Solari Gajardo, Sandra; Carvajal Maldonado, Cristián Andrés; Fardella B., Carlos; Ogishima, Tadashi.; Mukai, Kuniaki.
    Abstract Background Familial hyperaldosteronism type I (FH-I) is caused by the unequal recombination between the 11beta-hydroxylase (CYP11B1) and aldosterone synthase (CYP11B2) genes, resulting in the generation of a CYP11B1/B2 chimeric gene and abnormal adrenal aldosterone production. Affected patients usually show severe hypertension and an elevated frequency of stroke at a young age. Aldosterone levels rise during pregnancy, yet in pregnant women with FH-1, their hypertensive condition either remains unchanged or may even improve. The purpose of this study was to investigate in vitro whether female sex steroids modulate the activity of chimeric (ASCE) or wild type (ASWT) aldosterone synthase enzymes. Methods We designed an in vitro assay using HEK-293 cell line transiently transfected with vectors containing the full ASCE or ASWT cDNAs. Progesterone or estradiol effects on AS enzyme activities were evaluated in transfected cells incubated with deoxycorticosterone (DOC) alone or DOC plus increasing doses of these steroids. Results In our in vitro model, both enzymes showed similar apparent kinetic parameters (Km = 1.191 microM and Vmax = 27.08 microM/24 h for ASCE and Km = 1.163 microM and Vmax = 36.98 microM/24 h for ASWT; p = ns, Mann–Whitney test). Progesterone inhibited aldosterone production by ASCE- and ASWT-transfected cells, while estradiol demonstrated no effect. Progesterone acted as a competitive inhibitor for both enzymes. Molecular modelling studies and binding affinity estimations indicate that progesterone might bind to the substrate site in both ASCE and ASWT, supporting the idea that this steroid could regulate these enzymatic activities and contribute to the decay of aldosterone synthase activity in chimeric gene-positive patients. Conclusions Our results show an inhibitory action of progesterone in the aldosterone synthesis by chimeric or wild type aldosterone synthase enzymes. This is a novel regulatory mechanism of progesterone action, which could be involved in protecting pregnant women with FH-1 against hypertension. In vitro, both enzymes showed comparable kinetic parameters, but ASWT was more strongly inhibited than ASCE. This study implicates a new role for progesterone in the regulation of aldosterone levels that could contribute, along with other factors, to the maintenance of an adequate aldosterone-progesterone balance in pregnancy.Abstract Background Familial hyperaldosteronism type I (FH-I) is caused by the unequal recombination between the 11beta-hydroxylase (CYP11B1) and aldosterone synthase (CYP11B2) genes, resulting in the generation of a CYP11B1/B2 chimeric gene and abnormal adrenal aldosterone production. Affected patients usually show severe hypertension and an elevated frequency of stroke at a young age. Aldosterone levels rise during pregnancy, yet in pregnant women with FH-1, their hypertensive condition either remains unchanged or may even improve. The purpose of this study was to investigate in vitro whether female sex steroids modulate the activity of chimeric (ASCE) or wild type (ASWT) aldosterone synthase enzymes. Methods We designed an in vitro assay using HEK-293 cell line transiently transfected with vectors containing the full ASCE or ASWT cDNAs. Progesterone or estradiol effects on AS enzyme activities were evaluated in transfected cells incubated with deoxycorticosterone (DOC) alone or DOC plus increasing doses of these steroids. Results In our in vitro model, both enzymes showed similar apparent kinetic parameters (Km = 1.191 microM and Vmax = 27.08 microM/24 h for ASCE and Km = 1.163 microM and Vmax = 36.98 microM/24 h for ASWT; p = ns, Mann–Whitney test). Progesterone inhibited aldosterone production by ASCE- and ASWT-transfected cells, while estradiol demonstrated no effect. Progesterone acted as a competitive inhibitor for both enzymes. Molecular modelling studies and binding affinity estimations indicate that progesterone might bind to the substrate site in both ASCE and ASWT, supporting the idea that this steroid could regulate these enzymatic activities and contribute to the decay of aldosterone synthase activity in chimeric gene-positive patients. Conclusions Our results show an inhibitory action of progesterone in the aldosterone synthesis by chimeric or wild type aldosterone synthase enzymes. This is a novel regulatory mechanism of progesterone action, which could be involved in protecting pregnant women with FH-1 against hypertension. In vitro, both enzymes showed comparable kinetic parameters, but ASWT was more strongly inhibited than ASCE. This study implicates a new role for progesterone in the regulation of aldosterone levels that could contribute, along with other factors, to the maintenance of an adequate aldosterone-progesterone balance in pregnancy.
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    Docohexaenoic acid improves the reduced umbilical vein relaxation observed in the offspring of pregnancies with maternal obesity
    (2017) Farías Jofré, Marcelo Enrique; Villalobos Labra, Roberto Esteban; Solari Gajardo, Sandra; Aguirre Polanco, Carolina; Samith Catalán, Bárbara Patricia; Rojas Vidal, María José
    Background and objectives: Maternal obesity (MO) is associated with increased risk of long term metabolic risk in the offspring (REF), probably involving mechanisms such as early programming of insulin resistance in fetal and neonatal tissues. On the other hand, exposure to the polyunsaturated acid Docohexaenoic acid (DHA) has been related with increased insulin response in multiple cell types. The aims of our study were to evaluate the in vitro effect of DHA on vascular response of umbilical vein to insulin, and the role of the intracellular inhibitory phosphorylation of the insulin receptor substrate-1. Methods: Umbilical cords from normal and MO pregnant woman attending to obstetrics service at the Clinical Hospital of Pontificia Universidad Catolica de Chile were obtained after informed consent. Isolated rings of umbilical vein were used to evaluate vasodilatation capacity by wire-myography, in absence or presence of insulin (10-10 to 10-6 uM, 0-20 min) and DHA (100 uM, 12 h). Primary cultures of human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVEC) were used to evaluated phosphorylated and total protein levels of IRS-1 in cells exposed or not to insulin (1 nM, 30 min), in absence or presence of DHA (100 uM, 12 h). 308 Ann Nutr Metab 2017;71(suppl 2):1–1433 Oral Abstracts Results: Insulin produces a significant vasodilation (20%) in umbilical vein rings from normal pregnancies, an effect that was absent in MO-derived umbilical rings. This vasodilator effect of insulin was recovered in umbilical vein rings from MO pregnancies pre-incubated with DHA. In addition, HUVEC from MO pregnancies showed increased levels of IRS-1 phosphorylated in serine307, compared with normal cells, a difference that was reduced by DHA, even in presence of insulin. Conclusions: In vitro addition of DHA recovers the reduced vascular response to insulin in umbilical vein from MO pregnancies, involving a reduction of the inhibitory phosphorylation of IRS in serine307.
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    Feeding and bone turnover in gastric bypass
    (2014) Valderas Igor, Juan Patricio; Padilla Pérez, Oslando; Solari Gajardo, Sandra; Escalona, M.; González Vicente, Gilberto
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    Identification of novel 11β-HSD1 inhibitors by combined ligand- and structure-based virtual screening
    (2014) Lagos Arévalo, Carlos Fernando; Vecchiola Cárdenas, Andrea Paola; Allende, Fidel; Fuentes Zúñiga, Cristóbal Andrés; Tichauer, Juan E.; Valdivia, Carolina; Solari Gajardo, Sandra; Campino Johnson, María del Carmen; Tapia-Castillo, Alejandra; Baudrand Biggs, René; Villarroel, Pia; Cifuentes, Mariana; Owen, Gareth Ivor; Carvajal, Cristian A.; Fardella B., Carlos
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    LC-MS/MS Method for the Simultaneous Determination of Free Urinary Steroids
    (2014) Allende, Fidel; Solari Gajardo, Sandra; Campino Johnson, María del Carmen; Carvajal Maldonado, Cristián Andrés; Lagos Arévalo, Carlos Fernando; Vecchiola Cárdenas, Andrea Paola; Baudrand Biggs, René; Owen, Gareth Ivor; Fardella B., Carlos
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    Performance of Propofol Target-Controlled Infusion Models in the Obese : Pharmacokinetic and Pharmacodynamic Analysis
    (2014) Cortínez Fernández, Luis Ignacio; De la Fuente, Natalia; Eleveld, Douglas J.; Oliveros, A. M.; Crovari Eulufi, Fernando; Sepúlveda, Pablo; Ibacache Figueroa, Mauricio Enrique; Solari Gajardo, Sandra
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    Pharmacokinetics of levobupivacaine with epinephrine in transversus abdominis plane block for postoperative analgesia after caesarean section
    (2018) Lacassie Quiroga, Héctor; Rolle, A.; Cortínez Fernández, Luis Ignacio; Solari Gajardo, Sandra; Corvetto Aqueveque, Marcia Antonia; Altermatt, Fernando
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    PS 10-19 Serum cortisone and cortisol/cortisone ratio as tool to identify subjects with severe and partial 11beta-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase type 2 deficiencies
    (LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS, 2016) Carvajal Maldonado, Cristian Andrés; Tapia Castillo, Alejandra; Martínez Aguayo, Alejandro Gregorio; Valdivia, Carolina; Campino Johnson, María Del Carmen; Baudrand Biggs, Rene Felipe; Allende Sanzana, Fidel Alejandro; Pinochet Valenzuela, Constanza; Iturrieta González, Virginia Andrea; Lizama, Jaime; Solari Gajardo, Sandra; Fardella Bello, Carlos Enrique
    Objective: To report the phenotype of patients with AME by clinical and biochemical study, and expanding the study to their families and unrelated subjects to assess the value of F/E ratio as a biomarker partial deficiency of 11βHSD2.Design and Method: We evaluated 2 AME patients and their families. Family 1: A 17 years-old male with a homozygous Asp223Asn (D223N) mutation in HSD11B2, his mother (33 years) and sister (8 years); and Family 2: A 2 years-old girl with a homozygous Arg213Cys (R213C) mutation in HSD11B2, his father (30 years), her mother (30 years) and sister (6 years). We measured serum potassium, aldosterone, plasma renin activity (PRA), microalbuminuria, NGAL and F/E ratio (HPLC-MS). Reference ranges (RR), percentiles (p) and cut-off points for F, E and F/E serum were determined on data obtained from adult and pediatric normotensive subjects (F/E children RR: 1.63 to 5.15 and F/E adults RR:2.6–7.8]). Genetic analyses were performed by PCR-HRM and DNA sequencing.Results: Family 1: Index case (mut D223N) with classical AME features and a high serum F/E ratio (28.8 (> p99)). His mother and sister were normotensive and heterozygous for the same mutation D223N without clinical and biochemical abnormalities but with high F/E ratios (13.1 (p97) and 7.4 (p97)), respectively). Family 2: Index case (mut R213C) with classical AME and and a high F/E (175 (>p99)). His father, mother and sister were heterozygous for R123C, and are clinically and biochemically normal except for high F/E ratios (p92, p93 and p85, respectively).Conclusions: A F/E ratio greater than p90 –often associated to a cortisone lesser than p30- in relatives of subjects with AME suggests that partial heterozygous alterations or deficit in HSD11B2 are able to be identified by studying the serum cortisone and F/E ratio without prior clinical or biochemical features of classic AME such as AH, suppressed PRA and hypokalemia.
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    Reduced docosahexaenoic acid content in neonatal erythrocytes from obese mothers
    (2017) Samith Catalán, Bárbara Patricia; Farías Jofré, Marcelo Enrique; Villalobos Labra, Roberto Esteban; Solari Gajardo, Sandra; Aguirre Polanco, Carolina; Rojas Reyes, María José
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    Reduced Immune Response to Inactivated Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 Vaccine in a Cohort of Immunocompromised Patients in Chile
    (Oxford University Press for the Infectious Diseases Society of America, 2022) Balcells Marty, María Elvira; Le Corre Pérez, Monique Nicole; Durán Santa Cruz, Josefina Gracia; Ceballos Valdivielso, María Elena Andrea; Vizcaya Altamirano, María Cecilia; Mondaca Contreras, Sebastián Patricio; Dib Marambio, Martin Javier; Rabagliati Borie, Ricardo Miguel; Sarmiento Maldonado, Mauricio; Burgos Cañete, Paula Isabel; Espinoza Sepúlveda, Manuel Antonio; Ferres Garrido, Marcela Viviana; Martínez Valdebenito, Constanza Pamela; Ruiz-Tagle Seguel, Cinthya Grace; Ortiz Koh, Catalina Alejandra; Ross Pérez, Patricio Daniel; Budnik Bitran, Sigall; Solari Gajardo, Sandra; Vizcaya Vergara, María De Los Ángeles; Lembach, Hanns; Berríos Rojas, Roslye; Melo González, Felipe; Rios Raggio, Mariana; Kalergis Parra, Alexis Mikes; Bueno Ramírez, Susan Marcela; Nervi Nattero, Bruno
    Background Inactivated severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) vaccines have been widely implemented in low- and middle-income countries. However, immunogenicity in immunocompromised patients has not been established. Herein, we aimed to evaluate immune response to CoronaVac vaccine in these patients. Methods This prospective cohort study included 193 participants with 5 different immunocompromising conditions and 67 controls, receiving 2 doses of CoronaVac 8-12 weeks before enrollment. The study was conducted between May and August 2021, at Red de Salud UC-CHRISTUS, Santiago, Chile. Neutralizing antibody (NAb) positivity, total anti-SARS-CoV-2 immunoglobulin G antibody (TAb) concentrations, and T-cell responses were determined. Results NAb positivity and median neutralizing activity were 83.1% and 51.2% for the control group versus 20.6% and 5.7% (both P < .001) in the solid organ transplant group, 41.5% and 19.2% (both P < .0001) in the autoimmune rheumatic diseases group, 43.3% (P < .001) and 21.4% (PP = .001) in the cancer with solid tumors group, 45.5% and 28.7% (both P < .001) in the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection group, 64.3% and 56.6% (both differences not significant) in the hematopoietic stem cell transplant group, respectively. TAb seropositivity was also lower for the solid organ transplant (20.6%; P < .0001), rheumatic diseases (61%; P < .001), and HIV groups (70.9%; P = .003), compared with the control group (92.3%). On the other hand, the number of interferon gamma spot-forming T cells specific for SARS-CoV-2 tended to be lower in all immunocompromising conditions but did not differ significantly between groups. Conclusions Diverse immunocompromising conditions markedly reduce the humoral response to CoronaVac vaccine. These findings suggest that a boosting vaccination strategy should be considered in these vulnerable patients.
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    Rocuronium pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics in the adductor pollicis and masseter muscles
    (2016) Vega, E. A.; Ibacache Figueroa, Mauricio Enrique; Anderson, B. J.; Holford, N. H. G.; Nazar Jara, C.; Solari Gajardo, Sandra; Allende, Fidel; Cortínez Fernández, Luis Ignacio
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    Serum cortisol and cortisone as potential biomarkers of partial 11β-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase type 2 deficiency
    (2018) Carvajal Maldonado, Cristián Andrés; Tapia Castillo, Alejandra; Valdivia, Carolina P.; Allende, Fidel; Solari Gajardo, Sandra; Lagos Arévalo, Carlos Fernando; Campino Johnson, María del Carmen; Martínez Aguayo, Alejandro Gregorio; Vecchiola Cárdenas, Andrea Paola; Pinochet, Constanza
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    Sublingual tacrolimus administration provides similar drug exposure to per-oral route employing lower doses in liver transplantation: a pilot study
    (2017) Solari Gajardo, Sandra; Cancino, Alejandra; Wolff, Rodrigo; Norero, Blanca; Vargas, J. I.; Barrera Martínez, Francisco José; Guerra Castro, Juan Francisco; Martínez Castillo, Jorge; Jarufe Cassis, Nicolás; Soza, Alejandro; Arrese Jiménez, Marco; Benitez, Carlos
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    The aldosterone/renin ratio predicts cardiometabolic disorders in subjects without classic primary aldosteronism
    (2019) Vecchiola Cárdenas, Andrea Paola; Fuentes Zúñiga, Cristóbal Andrés; Barros Lamus, Eric Raúl; Martínez Aguayo, Alejandro Gregorio; García Bruce, Hernán; Allende, Fidel; Solari Gajardo, Sandra; Olmos Borzone, Roberto Ignacio; Carvajal, C.; Tapia-Castillo, A.; Campino Johnson, María del Carmen; Kalergis Parra, Alexis Mikes; Baudrand Biggs, René; Fardella B., Carlos; Vecchiola Cárdenas, Andrea Paola; Fuentes Zúñiga, Cristóbal Andrés; Barros Lamus, Eric Raúl; Martínez Aguayo, Alejandro Gregorio; García Bruce, Hernán; Allende, Fidel; Solari Gajardo, Sandra; Olmos Borzone, Roberto; Carvajal, C.; Tapia-Castillo, A.; Campino Johnson, María del Carmen; Kalergis Parra, Alexis Mikes; Baudrand Biggs, René; Fardella B., Carlos
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    Therapeutic Drug Monitoring of Mycophenolic Acid in Kidney Transplant Patients: A Abbreviated Sampling Strategy
    (2007) Muller, H.; Solari Gajardo, Sandra; Zuniga, C.; Guerra Venegas, Irene Del Carmen; Troncoso, J.; Ovalle, R.; Morente, J.; Pedreros, C.
    Mycophenolic acid (MPA) levels have demonstrated a good correlation with clinical outcomes, but with great pharmacokinetic variability between patients. Therapeutic drug monitoring (TDM) is recommended to include a 12-hour area under the concentration–time curve (AUC). Since full AUC estimates are not practical for routine monitoring, limited sampling strategies have been suggested. We evaluated MPA pharmacokinetics in 18 stable renal transplant patients receiving mycophenolate mofetil (MMF) as part of their immunosuppressive therapy. The correlation between measured and estimated AUC was assessed using 4 different sparse sampling algorithms. The mean values for C0 and AUC0–6h were 1.8 ± 1.2 mg/L and 31.1 ± 14.8 mg*h/L, respectively. The dose-corrected AUC0–6h was 35.4 ± 17.9 mg*h/L. Regarding the single time points, C0 showed a low correlation with AUC0–6h (r2 = .34); C1.5, the best correlation (r2 = .72); and C3, the worst (r2 = .07). Sparse sample algorithms used to estimate 12-hour AUC including C0, C1, C2, C3, C4, and/or C6 showed a good correlation with the calculated AUC0–6 (r2 = .81–.96). The algorithm that used C0, C1, C2, and C4 showed the best correlation, but we also found a good correlation (r2 = .91) with C0, C1, and C2. Based on these results, we have suggested using the 3-point algorithm (C0, C1, and C2) for MPA TDM in stable renal transplant patients due to the good correlation with drug exposure and better functionality than an algorithm using a 4-hour postdose measurement.