Browsing by Author "Soteres García, Rodrigo León"
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- ItemAnatomía de las fluctuaciones glaciales en Patagonia norte durante la última terminación glacial(2020) Soteres García, Rodrigo León; Sagredo T., Esteban; Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile. Instituto de GeografíaLa Última Terminación Glacial (18.000 – 11.700 años antes del presente) exhibe una secuencia sincrónica de cambios climáticos asimétricos en latitudes polares de ambos hemisferios. Sin embargo, la extensión espacial y la cronología de estas señales climáticas polares se encuentra aún poco conocida en latitudes medias del hemisferio sur. En este estudio presento cronologías basadas en 14C y 10Be de las geoformas glaciales originadas por los lóbulos glaciales Golfo de Corcovado (~42,5o S) y Lago Palena/General Vintter (~43,5o S), ambos ubicados en Patagonia norte, con el objeto de descifrar el comportamiento pasado de los glaciares de la región para clarificar la naturaleza de las divergencias climáticas polares y contribuir a discriminar los potenciales mecanismos tras los cambios climáticos asociados a la Última Terminación Glacial. Mis resultados indican que ambos lóbulos glaciales se comportaron de manera sincrónica con otros glaciares de Patagonia y Nueva Zelanda, replicando la secuencia de cambios climáticos observados en Antártica. Esta respuesta coordinada de la criósfera de latitudes medias del hemisferio sur coincide temporalmente con los desplazamientos latitudinales de los Vientos del Oeste Australes inferidos a partir de indicadores independientes, sugiriendo que los mecanismos atmosféricos jugaron un papel fundamental en la variabilidad climática durante el fin de la última glaciación.
- ItemCartografía de susceptibilidad y estimación del máximo alcance de aludes en el Circo de Gredos (Sistema Central Ibérico)(2016) Soteres García, Rodrigo León; de Pedraza Gilsanz, Javier; Carrasco González, Rosa María
- ItemCirques in the Sierra de Guadarrama and7 Somosierra Mountains (Iberian Central System) : Shape, size and controlling factors(2019) Pedraza, Javier; Carrasco, Rosa M.; Villa, Javier; Soteres García, Rodrigo León; Karampaglidis, Theodoros; Fernández Lozano, Javier
- ItemGlacial geomorphology of the High Gredos Massif : Gredos and Pinar valleys (Iberian Central System, Spain)(2020) Carrasco, R. M.; Soteres García, Rodrigo León; Pedraza, J.; Fernández Lozano, J.; Turu, V.; López Sáez, J. A.; Karampaglidis, T.; Granja Bruna, J. L.; Muñoz Martín, A.
- ItemGlacier fluctuations in the northern Patagonian Andes (44°S) imply wind-modulated interhemispheric in-phase climate shifts during Termination 1(2022) Soteres García, Rodrigo León; Sagredo T., Esteban; Kaplan, Michael R.; Martini, Mateo A.; Moreno, Patricio I.; Reynhout, Scott A.; Schwartz, Roseanne; Schaefer, Joerg M.Soteres García, Rodrigo León; Sagredo T., Esteban; Kaplan, Michael R.; Martini, Mateo A.; Moreno, Patricio I.; Reynhout, Scott A.; Schwartz, Roseanne; Schaefer, Joerg M.The Last Glacial Termination (T1) featured major changes in global circulation systems that led to a shift from glacial to interglacial climate. While polar ice cores attest to an antiphased thermal pattern at millennial timescales, recent well-dated moraine records from both hemispheres suggest in-phase fluctuations in glaciers through T1, which is inconsistent with the bipolar see-saw paradigm. Here, we present a glacier chronology based on 30 new 10Be surface exposure ages from well-preserved moraines in the Lago Palena/General Vintter basin in northern Patagonia (~ 44°S). We find that the main glacier lobe underwent profound retreat after 19.7 ± 0.7 ka. This recessional trend led to the individualization of the Cerro Riñón glacier by ~ 16.3 ka, which underwent minor readvances at 15.9 ± 0.5 ka during Heinrich Stadial 1, during the Antarctic Cold Reversal with successive maxima at 13.5 ± 0.4, 13.1 ± 0.4, and 13.1 ± 0.5 ka, and a minor culmination at 12.5 ± 0.4 ka during Younger Dryas time. We conclude that fluctuations of Patagonian glaciers during T1 were controlled primarily by climate anomalies brought by shifts in the Southern Westerly Winds (SWW) locus. We posit that the global covariation of mountain glaciers during T1 was linked to variations in atmospheric CO2 (atmCO2) promoted by the interplay of the SWW-Southern Ocean system at millennial timescales.
- ItemHolocene glacier history of northeastern Cordillera Darwin, southernmost South America (55°S)(2022) Reynhout, Scott A.; Kaplan, Michael R.; Sagredo T., Esteban; Aravena, Juan Carlos; Soteres García, Rodrigo León; Schwartz, Roseanne; Schaefer, Joerg M.Reynhout, Scott A.; Kaplan, Michael R.; Sagredo T., Esteban; Aravena, Juan Carlos; Soteres García, Rodrigo León; Schwartz, Roseanne; Schaefer, Joerg M.In the Cordillera Darwin, southernmost South America, we used 10Be and 14C dating, dendrochronology, and historical observations to reconstruct the glacial history of the Dalla Vedova valley from deglacial time to the present. After deglacial recession into northeastern Darwin and Dalla Vedova, by ~16 ka, evidence indicates a glacial advance at ~13 ka coeval with the Antarctic Cold Reversal. The next robustly dated glacial expansion occurred at 870 ± 60 calendar yr ago (approximately AD 1150), followed by less-extensive dendrochronologically constrained advances from shortly before AD 1836 to the mid-twentieth century. Our record is consistent with most studies within the Cordillera Darwin that show that the Holocene glacial maximum occurred during the last millennium. This pattern contrasts with the extensive early- and mid-Holocene glacier expansions farther north in Patagonia; furthermore, an advance at 870 ± 60 yr ago may suggest out-of-phase glacial advances occurred within the Cordillera Darwin relative to Patagonia. We speculate that a southward shift of westerlies and associated climate regimes toward the southernmost tip of the continent, about 900–800 yr ago, provides a mechanism by which some glaciers advanced in the Cordillera Darwin during what is generally considered a warm and dry period to the north in Patagonia.
- ItemLate glacial climate evolution in the Patagonian Andes (44–47° S) from alpine glacier modelling(2023) Muir, Ruby; Eaves, Shaun; Vargo, Lauren; Anderson, Brian; Mackintosh, Andrew; Sagredo T., Esteban; Soteres García, Rodrigo LeónMuir, Ruby; Eaves, Shaun; Vargo, Lauren; Anderson, Brian; Mackintosh, Andrew; Sagredo T., Esteban; Soteres García, Rodrigo LeónNumerical glacier models applied to moraine chronologies provide an opportunity to quantify past climate change. Here we apply a two-dimensional coupled mass balance – ice flow model to well-dated moraine sequences deposited by former alpine glaciers at two central Patagonian sites: Cerro Riñón (43.97°S, 71.64°W) and Río Tranquilo (47.50°S, 72.38°W), to reconstruct the local temperatures during both the Antarctic Cold Reversal (14.7–13 ka) and the Younger Dryas (12.9–11 ka). Modelled temperature anomalies during the Antarctic Cold Reversal are −2.6 ± 0.4 °C at 44°S, and −2.9 ± 0.6 °C at 47°S. At both locations this cold event is followed by temperature increases of +0.6–0.7 °C or precipitation reductions of c. 20% to drive glacier retreat to moraines deposited during Younger Dryas time. The consistent climatic anomalies between these two latitudes suggest this region of Patagonia was responding to a common climatic event. Further, the late-glacial temperature anomalies found here compare well to those determined by similar glacier modelling techniques in New Zealand, at 43–44° S. These results support a trans-Pacific response throughout the southern mid to high latitudes (43–47° S) during the ACR that is best explained by a northward expansion of the south westerly winds.
- ItemMorfología glaciar del Macizo de Los Pelados-El Nevero (Parque Nacional de la Sierra de Guadarrama). Nueva interpretación y cronología(2016) Carrasco González, Rosa María; Pedraza Gilsanz, Javier de; Willenbring, Jane; Karampaglidis, Theodoros; Soteres García, Rodrigo León; Martín Duque, José F.
- Item(Paleo)glacier studies in Patagonia over the past decades (1976–2020): A bibliometric perspective based on the Web of Science(2023) Soteres García, Rodrigo León; Riquelme, Fabián; Sagredo T., Esteban; Kaplan, MichaelSoteres García, Rodrigo León; Riquelme, Fabián; Sagredo T., Esteban; Kaplan, MichaelPatagonia features the most extensive glaciers of the Southern Hemisphere, excluding Antarctica, and a vast inventory of glacial landforms, so it is thought to have played a key role in (paleo)glacier studies since the late 19th century. However, no systematic attempts to characterize the specific research trends and the scientific community focused on Patagonian cryosphere have been conducted so far. To fill this gap, we analyzed the metadata associated to 305 articles compiled from the Web of Science database following a bibliometric approach covering the period between 1976 and 2020. Our results point to an irregular but net increase on the number of contributions on Patagonian (paleo)glaciers. Mass balance analyses based on satellite data of present-day glaciers and the reconstruction of past glacier activity by dating glacial landforms formed during the Last Glacial Termination, were the most addressed topics during the analyzed period. Patagonian (paleo)glacier studies are mostly published in generic Earth Sciences publications, followed by Quaternary and glaciological journals. Most of the studies were led by scientists from the United Kingdom, followed by Chile, Argentina and United States. In terms of collaborations, these studies can be divided into two main clusters, one composed by researchers from United States, Chile and Argentina institutions, and another mostly composed by British researchers. So far, the most prolific authors are nearly equally distributed in nationality, yet gender inclusion and international collaborations are still caveats that must be solved. Even though our query on the Web of Science missed highly influential (so-called) grey literature, such as local scientific journals and technical reports, the reviewed scientific literature unambiguously indicates that Patagonia is a privileged location for (paleo)glaciers studies worldwide and that it will continue offering vast opportunities to tackle critical questions related to global cryosphere and past-to-present climate changes.
- ItemThe glacial geomorphology of the Rio Corcovado, Rio Huemul and Lago Palena/General Vintter valleys, northeastern Patagonia (43 degrees S, 71 degrees W)(2020) Leger, T. P. M.; Hein, A. S.; Bingham, R. G.; Martini, M. A.; Soteres García, Rodrigo León; Sagredo T., Esteban; Martinez, O. A.