Browsing by Author "Tambuwala, M.M."

Now showing 1 - 2 of 2
  • Thumbnail Image
    Item
    A new era in oxygen therapeutics?: from perfluorocarbon systems to haemoglobin-based oxygen carriers
    (Churchill Livingstone, 2022) Charbe, N.B.; Castillo, F.; Tambuwala, M.M.; Chellappan, D.K.; Carreño, A.; Satija, S.; Singh, S.K.; Gulati, M.; Dua, K.; Gonzalez-Aramundiz, J.V.
    Blood transfusion is the key to life in case of traumatic emergencies, surgeries and in several pathological conditions. An important goal of whole blood or red blood cell transfusion is the fast delivery of oxygen to vital organs and restoration of circulation volume. Whole blood or red blood cell transfusion has several limitations. Free haemoglobin not only loses its tetrameric configuration and extracts via the kidney leading to nephrotoxicity but also scavenges nitric oxide (NO), leading to vasoconstriction and hypertension. PFC based formulations transport oxygen in vivo, the contribution in terms of clinical outcome is challenging. The oxygen-carrying capacity is not the only criterion for the successful development of haemoglobin-based oxygen carriers (HBOCs). This review is a bird's eye view on the present state of the PFCs and HBOCs in which we analyzed the current modifications made or which are underway in development, their promises, and hurdles in clinical implementation.
  • Thumbnail Image
    Item
    Targeting eosinophils in respiratory diseases: biological axis, emerging therapeutics and treatment modalities
    (2021) Lee, L.-Y.; Hew, G.S.Y.; Mehta, M.; Shukla, S.D.; Satija, S.; Khurana, N.; Anand, K.; Dureja, H.; Singh, S.K.; Mishra, V.; Singh, P.K.; Gulati, M.; Prasher, P.; Aljabali, A.A.A.; Tambuwala, M.M.; Thangavelu, L.; Panneerselvam, J.; Gupta, G.; Zacconi, Flavia C. M.; Shastri, M.; Jha, N.K.; Xenaki, D.; MacLoughlin, R.; Oliver, B.G.; Chellappan, D.K.; Dua, K.
    Eosinophils are bi-lobed, multi-functional innate immune cells with diverse cell surface receptors that regulate local immune and inflammatory responses. Several inflammatory and infectious diseases are triggered with their build up in the blood and tissues. The mobilization of eosinophils into the lungs is regulated by a cascade of processes guided by Th2 cytokine generating T-cells. Recruitment of eosinophils essentially leads to a characteristic immune response followed by airway hyperresponsiveness and remodeling, which are hallmarks of chronic respiratory diseases. By analysing the dynamic interactions of eosinophils with their extracellular environment, which also involve signaling molecules and tissues, various therapies have been invented and developed to target respiratory diseases. Having entered clinical testing, several eosinophil targeting therapeutic agents have shown much promise and have further bridged the gap between theory and practice. Moreover, researchers now have a clearer understanding of the roles and mechanisms of eosinophils. These factors have successfully assisted molecular biologists to block specific pathways in the growth, migration and activation of eosinophils. The primary purpose of this review is to provide an overview of the eosinophil biology with a special emphasis on potential pharmacotherapeutic targets. The review also summarizes promising eosinophil-targeting agents, along with their mechanisms and rationale for use, including those in developmental pipeline, in clinical trials, or approved for other respiratory disorders.