Browsing by Author "Torres, Claudio"

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    Is an Emphasis on Dignity, Honor and Face more an Attribute of Individuals or of Cultural Groups?
    (SAGE PUBLICATIONS INC, 2020) Smith, Peter B.; Easterbrook, Matthew J.; Koc, Yasin; Lun, Vivian Miu Chi; Papastylianou, Dona; Grigoryan, Lusine; Torres, Claudio; Efremova, Maria; Hassan, Bushra; Abbas, Ammar; Ahmad, Abd Halim; al Bayati, Ahmed; Selim, Heyla A.; Anderson, Joel; Cross, Susan E.; Delfino, Gisela Isabel; Gamsakhurdia, Vladimer; Gavreliuc, Alin; Gavreliuc, Dana; Gul, Pelin; Gunsoy, Ceren; Hakobjanyan, Anna; Lay, Siugmin; Lopukhova, Olga; Hu, Ping; Sunar, Diane; Texeira, Maria Luisa Mendes; Tripodi, Doriana; Diaz Rivera, Paola Eunice; van Osch, Yvette; Yuki, Masaki; Ogusu, Natsuki; Kwantes, Catherine T.; Diaz Loving, Rolando; Perez Floriano, Lorena; Chaleeraktrakoon, Trawin; Chobthamkit, Phatthanakit
    This study compares the individual-level and sample-level predictive utility of a measure of the cultural logics of dignity, honor, and face. University students in 29 samples from 24 nations used a simple measure to rate their perceptions of the interpersonal cultural logic characterizing their local culture. The nomological net of these measures was then explored. Key dependent measures included three different facets of independent versus interdependent self-construal, relevant attitudes and values, reported handling of actual interpersonal conflicts, and responses to normative settings. Multilevel analyses revealed both individual- and sample-level effects but the dignity measure showed more individual-level effects, whereas sample-level effects were relatively more important with the face measure. The implications of this contrast are discussed.
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    The release of sympathetic neurotransmitters is impaired in aged rats after an inflammatory stimulus: A possible link between cytokine production and sympathetic transmission
    (ELSEVIER IRELAND LTD, 2008) Donoso, Veronica; Gomez, Christian R.; Orriantia, Miguel Angel; Perez, Viviana; Torres, Claudio; Coddou, Claudio; Nelson, Pablo; Maisey, Kevin; Morales, Bernardo; Fernandez, Ricardo; Imarai, Monica; Huidobro Toro, Juan Pablo; Sierra, Felipe; Acuna Castillo, Claudio
    Aging results in a general decline in the response to external insults, including acute inflammatory challenges. In young animals, the inflammatory response requires activation of the sympathetic system, including neurotransmitters Such as ATP, and catecholamines (epinephrine and norepinephrine). To test whether aging affects activation of this axis, and whether this in turn might affect cytokine release, we administered lipopolysaccharide (LPS) i.p. to adult, middle-aged and aged Fisher 344 rats (6-, 15- and 23-month old, respectively) and evaluated the early (0-12 h) serum levels of Neuropeptide-Y (NP-Y), ATP and vanillyl mandelic acid (VMA, as in indirect measurement of catecholamine levels). In addition, we evaluated the association between these factors and serum levels of the cytokines tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF alpha) and interleukin-10 (IL-10). Induction of both ATP and NP-Y was markedly reduced in the serum of aged animals, when compared to their younger Counterparts, while induction of VMA was not affected by age. in spite of these changes, serum levels of TNF alpha and IL-10 were strongly hyper induced and delayed in aged rats. The results suggest that during aging there is a dys-regulation in sympathetic neurotransmitter regulatory Mechanisms, and this might play a role in the impairment of the inflammatory response. (C) 2008 Elsevier Ireland Ltd. All rights reserved.
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    The Social Cure Properties of Groups Across Cultures: Groups Provide More Support but Have Stronger Norms and Are Less Curative in Relationally Immobile Societies
    (SAGE PUBLICATIONS INC, 2024) Easterbrook, Matthew J.; Grigoryan, Lusine; Smith, Peter B.; Koc, Yasin; Lun, Vivian Miu Chi; Papastylianou, Dona; Torres, Claudio; Efremova, Maria; Hassan, Bushra; Abbas, Ammar; al-Selim, Heyla; Anderson, Joel; Cross, Susan E.; Delfino, Gisela Isabel; Gamsakhurdia, Vladimer; Gavreliuc, Alin; Gavreliuc, Dana; Gul, Pelin; Gunsoy, Ceren; Hakobjanyan, Anna; Lay, Siugmin; Lopukhova, Olga; Hu, Ping; Sunar, Diane; Mendes Texeira, Maria Luisa; Tripodi, Doriana; Rivera, Paola Eunice Diaz; Yuki, Masaki; Ogusu, Natsuki; Kwantes, Catherine T.; Diaz-Loving, Rolando; Perez Floriano, Lorena; Chaleeraktrakoon, Trawin; Chobthamkit, Phatthanakit
    We investigate whether the social cure properties of groups vary across cultures, testing hypotheses that the associations between multiple group memberships (MGM) and depressive symptoms will (a) be mediated by social support and uncomfortable normative pressures, and (b) vary systematically with sample-level relational mobility. Analyses of data from a survey (N = 5,174) conducted within k = 29 samples show that MGM is negatively associated with depressive symptoms, an association fully mediated by social support and uncomfortable normative pressures. In line with our theorizing, in samples with higher levels of relational mobility constraints, the association between MGM and depressive symptoms is weaker, the associations between MGM and social support and between MGM and normative pressures are stronger, and the association between social support and depressive symptoms weaker. The indirect link between MGM and depressive symptoms via social support is significant at both low and high levels of relational mobility constraints.