Browsing by Author "Uribe-San-Martin, Reinaldo"

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    Corpus callosum atrophy and post-surgical seizures in temporal lobe epilepsy associated with hippocampal sclerosis
    (2018) Uribe-San-Martin, Reinaldo; Ciampi, Ethel; Di Giacomo, Roberta; Vasquez, Macarena; Carcamo, Claudia; Godoy F., Jaime; Lo Russo, Giorgio; Tassi, Laura
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    COVID-19 pandemic: the experience of a multiple sclerosis centre in Chile
    (2020) Ciampi, Ethel; Uribe-San-Martin, Reinaldo; Cárcamo, Claudia
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    Gelastic epilepsy: Beyond hypothalamic hamartomas
    (2015) Uribe-San-Martin, Reinaldo; Ciampia, Ethel; Lawson-Peralta, Balduin; Acevedo-Gallinato, Keryma; Torrealba-Marchant, Gonzalo; Campos-Puebla, Manuel; Godoy-Fernández, Jaime
    Gelasticepilepsyorlaughingseizureshavebeenhistoricallyrelatedtochildrenwithhypothalamichamartomas. Wereportthreeadultpatientswhohadgelasticepilepsy,definedasthepresenceofseizureswithaprominent laughcomponent,includingbrainimaging,surface/invasiveelectroencephalography,positronemissiontomography,andmedical/surgicaloutcomes.Noneofthepatientshadhamartomaorotherhypothalamiclesion.Two patientswereclassifiedashavingrefractoryepilepsy(onehadbiopsy-provenneurocysticercosisandtheother onehippocampalsclerosisandtemporalcorticaldysplasia).ThethirdpatienthadnolesiononMRIandhad completecontrolwithcarbamazepine.Bothlesionalpatientsunderwentresectivesurgery,onewithcomplete seizurecontrolandtheotheronewithpooroutcome.Althoughhypothalamichamartomasshouldalways beruledoutinpatientswithgelasticepilepsy, laughingseizurescanalsoarisefromfrontalandtemporal lobefoci,whichcanbesurgicallyremoved. Inaddition,wepresentthefirstcaseofgelasticepilepsydueto neurocysticercosis.
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    Patients recovering from COVID-19 who presented with anosmia during their acute episode have behavioral, functional, and structural brain alterations
    (2024) Kausel, Leonie; Figueroa-Vargas, Alejandra; Zamorano, Francisco; Stecher, Ximena; Aspe-Sanchez, Mauricio; Carvajal-Paredes, Patricio; Marquez-Rodriguez, Victor; Martinez-Molina, Maria Paz; Roman, Claudio; Soto-Fernandez, Patricio; Valdebenito-Oyarzo, Gabriela; Manterola, Carla; Uribe-San-Martin, Reinaldo; Silva, Claudio; Henriquez-Ch, Rodrigo; Aboitiz, Francisco; Polania, Rafael; Guevara, Pamela; Munoz-Venturelli, Paula; Soto-Icaza, Patricia; Billeke, Pablo
    Patients recovering from COVID-19 commonly exhibit cognitive and brain alterations, yet the specific neuropathological mechanisms and risk factors underlying these alterations remain elusive. Given the significant global incidence of COVID-19, identifying factors that can distinguish individuals at risk of developing brain alterations is crucial for prioritizing follow-up care. Here, we report findings from a sample of patients consisting of 73 adults with a mild to moderate SARS-CoV-2 infection without signs of respiratory failure and 27 with infections attributed to other agents and no history of COVID-19. The participants underwent cognitive screening, a decision-making task, and MRI evaluations. We assessed for the presence of anosmia and the requirement for hospitalization. Groups did not differ in age or cognitive performance. Patients who presented with anosmia exhibited more impulsive alternative changes after a shift in probabilities (r = - 0.26, p = 0.001), while patients who required hospitalization showed more perseverative choices (r = 0.25, p = 0.003). Anosmia correlated with brain measures, including decreased functional activity during the decision-making task, thinning of cortical thickness in parietal regions, and loss of white matter integrity. Hence, anosmia could be a factor to be considered when identifying at-risk populations for follow-up.
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    Safety and humoral response rate of inactivated and mRNA vaccines against SARS-CoV-2 in patients with Multiple Sclerosis
    (2022) Ciampi, Ethel; Uribe-San-Martin, Reinaldo; Soler, Bernardita; García, Lorena; Guzmán, Jorge; Pelayo, Carolina; Jürgensen, Lukas; Guzmán, Ignacio; Vera, Francisco; Galleguillos, Lorna; Cárcamo, Claudia
    Background: Safety and effectiveness outcomes in Multiple Sclerosis (MS) patients receiving different disease- modifying therapies (DMT) and different types of vaccines against SARS-CoV-2 are limited. Growing evidence coming mainly from Israel, Europe and North America using mRNA and adenoviral vector vaccines has been published. Objectives: To assess the safety and humoral response of inactivated virus and mRNA vaccines against SARS-CoV- 2 in patients with MS. Methods: Ongoing, multicentric, prospective, observational study performed between February and September 2021. Humoral response (antibodies against spike-1 protein) was determined at least 4 weeks after the complete schedule of anti-SARS-CoV-2 vaccines. Categorical outcome (positive/negative) and total antibody titres were recorded. Adverse events supposedly attributable to vaccination (AESAV) were collected. Results: 178 patients, 68% women, mean age 39.7 ±11.2 years, 123 received inactivated (Coronavac-Sinovac), 51 mRNA (Pfizer-BioNtech), and 4 adenoviral vector vaccines (CanSino n =2, Jonhson&Johnson-Jannsen n =1, Oxford-AstraZeneca n =1). Six patients had a history of COVID-19 before vaccination. Overall humoral response was observed in 66.9% (62.6% inactivated vs. 78.4% mRNA, p =0.04). Positive anti-S1-antibodies were observed in 100% of patients with no DMT (n =3), 100% with interferon/glatiramer-acetate (n =11), 100% with teriflunomide/dimethyl-fumarate (n =16), 100% with natalizumab (n =10), 100% with alemtuzumab (n =8), 90% with cladribine (n =10), and 88% with fingolimod (n =17), while 43% of patients receiving antiCD20 (n =99) were positive (38% inactivated vaccine vs. 59% mRNA vaccine, p =0.05). In the multivariate analysis including antiCD20 patients, the predictors for a positive humoral response were receiving the mRNA vaccine (OR 8.11 (1.79–36.8), p =0.007) and a lower number of total infusions (OR 0.44 (0.27–0.74) p =0.002. The most frequent AESAV was local pain (14%), with 4 (2.2%) patients experiencing mild-moderate relapses within 8 weeks of first vaccination compared to 11 relapses (6.2%) within the 8 weeks before vaccination (Chi-squared 3.41, p =0.06). Discussion: A higher humoral response rate was observed using the mRNA compared to the inactivated vaccine, while patients using antiCD20 had a significantly lower response rate, and patients using antiCD20 and fingolimod had lower antibody titres. In this MS patient cohort, inactivated and mRNA vaccines against SARS-CoV-2 appear to be safe, with no increase in relapse rate. This information may help guidelines including booster shots and types of vaccines in selected populations.