Browsing by Author "Vial, P"

Now showing 1 - 4 of 4
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    Accuracy of invasive and noninvasive tests to diagnose Helicobacter pylori infection after antibiotic treatment
    (WILLIAMS & WILKINS, 1997) Rollan, A; Giancaspero, R; Arrese, M; Figueroa, C; Vollrath, V; Schultz, M; Duarte, I; Vial, P
    Objectives: To compare the diagnostic accuracy of the most widely available tests for diagnosis of Helicobacter pylori infection after antibiotic treatment, Methods: A total of 59 H, pylori-positive, duodenal ulcer patients (mean age, 40.7 +/- 11.7 yr; 40 male and 19 female) were treated for 2 wk with either amoxicillin-metronidazole (n = 36) or omeprazole-amoxicillin-tinidazole (n = 23), and after 4 wk, were tested for H, pylori infection by [C-14]urea breath test (UBT), serum IgG antibody level, and multiple antral biopsies for rapid urease testing, histology, Warthin-Starry stain, and polymerase chain reaction to detect H, pylori DNA, Infection status was established by a concordance of test results, Results: H, pylori was eradicated in 47 patients (80%), UBT and rapid urease testing had the best sensitivity and specificity, although not statistically different to Warthin-Starry stain and polymerase chain reaction, Serology and histology had little diagnostic value in this setting due to high proportion of false-positive results, Conclusions: Noninvasive UBT is as accurate in predicting H, pylori status after antibiotic treatment as rapid urease testing and Warthin-Starry stain, Especially for duodenal ulcer patients, UBT could be considered the gold standard to confirm eradication of H, pylori.
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    Neutralizing antibodies in survivors of Sin Nombre and Andes hantavirus infection
    (CENTERS DISEASE CONTROL, 2006) Valdivieso, F; Vial, P; Ferres, M; Ye, CY; Goade, D; Cuiza, A; Hjelle, B
    We evaluated titers of homotypic and heterotypic neutralizing antibodies (NAbs) to Andes and Sin Nombre hantaviruses in plasma samples from 20 patients from Chile and the United States. All but 1 patient had high titers of NAb. None of the plasma samples showed high titers against the heterologous virus.
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    Prevalence of Epstein Barr virus infection in healthy individuals in Santiago, Chile
    (SOC MEDICA SANTIAGO, 1995) Ferres, M; Prado, P; Ovalle, J; Fuentes, R; Villarroel, L; Ferreccio, C; Vial, P
    To study the rate of infection by Epstein Barr virus (EBV) in Santiago, Chile, the prevalence of antibody to the viral capsid antigen (VCA-lgG) was determined in a group of 663 healthy individuals grouped by age and socioeconomic level (SEL). In addition, several risk factors for infection were studied. VCA-lgG was determined by ELISA. The total prevalence was 76,7%. When grouped by age and SEL, 50% of the children from low and medium SEL had been already infected by the age two, compared to 5,9% in the high SEL (p<0.01). However, by age twenty, 90% of the total sample had already specific antibodies to EBV. Age and number of household members were positively associated with the infection. High socioeconomic level represented a delay factor in the acquisition of the virus, (p<0.01). These results show that EBV infection is frequent in Santiago, occurring early in childhood among medium and low SEL. Hence, the classical infectious mononucleosis should be recognized more frequently among adolescents and young adults belonging to high SEL, while the clinical spectrum of associated manifestations different from the typical mononucleosis syndrome should be investigated among these exposed in early age.
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    Refractory enteric amebiasis in pediatric patients with acute graft-versus-host disease after allogeneic bone marrow transplantation
    (LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS, 2000) Perret, C; Harris, PR; Rivera, M; Vial, P; Duarte, I; Barriga, F