Browsing by Author "Zamorano, Francisco"
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- ItemA subject-independent pattern-based Brain-Computer Interface(2015) Ray, Andreas M.; Sitaram, Ranganatha; Rana, Mohit; Pasqualotto, Emanuele; Buyukturkoglu, Korhan; Guan, Cuntai; Ang, Kai-Keng; Tejos Núñez, Cristián Andrés; Zamorano, Francisco; Ruiz Poblete, Sergio Marcelo; Birbaumer, Niels; Aboitiz, Francisco
- ItemCountry-level gender inequality is associated with structural differences in the brains of women and men(National Academy of Sciences, 2023) Zugman, Andrés; Alliende, Luz María; Medel Sierralta, Vicente Nicolás; Bethlehem, Richard A. I.; Seidlitz, Jakob; Ringlein, Grace; Arango, Celso; Arnatkeviciutė, Aurina; Asmal, Laila; Bellgrove, Mark; Benegal, Vivek; Bernardo, Miquel; Billeke, Pablo; Bosch-Bayard, Jorge; Bressan, Rodrigo; Busatto, Geraldo F.; Castro, Mariana N.; Chaim-Avancini, Tiffany; Compte, Albert; Costanzi, Monise; Czepielewski, Leticia; Dazzan, Paola; Fuente-Sandoval, Camilo de la; Forti, Marta di; Díaz-Caneja, Covadonga M.; Díaz-Zuluaga, Ana María; Plessis, Stefan du; Duran, Fabio L. S.; Fittipaldi, Sol; Fornito, Alex; Freimer, Nelson B.; Gadelha, Ary; Gama, Clarissa S.; Garani, Ranjini; García-Rizo, Clemente; González Campo, Cecilia; González-Valderrama, Alfonso; Guinjoan, Salvador; Holla, Bharath; Ibáñez, Agustín; Jackowski, Andrea; Ivanovic, Daniza; León-Ortiz, Pablo; Lochner, Christine; López Jaramillo, Carlos; Luckhoff, Hilmar; Massuda, Raffael; McGuire, Philip; Miyata, Jun; Mizrahi, Romina; Murray, Robin; Ozerdem, Aysegul; Pan, Pedro M.; Parellada, Mara; Phahladira, Lebogan; Ramírez Mahaluf, Juan P.; Reckziegel, Ramiro; Marques Tiago Reis; Reyes-Madrigal, Francisco; Roos, Annerine; Rosa, Pedro; Salum, Giovanni; Scheffler, Freda; Schumann, Gunter; Serpa, Mauricio; Stein, Dan J.; Tepper, Angeles; Tiego, Jeggan; Ueno, Tsukasa; Undurraga, Juan; Undurraga, Eduardo A.; Valdés-Sosa, Pedro; Valli, Isabel; Villarreal, Mirta; Winton-Brown, Toby T.; Yalin, Nefize; Zamorano, Francisco; Zanetti, Marcus V.; Veda, C.; Winkler, Anderson M.; Pine, Daniel S.; Evans-Lacko, Sara; Crossley Karmelic, Nicolas AndrésGender inequality across the world has been associated with a higher risk to mental health problems and lower academic achievement in women compared to men. We also know that the brain is shaped by nurturing and adverse socio-environmental experiences. Therefore, unequal exposure to harsher conditions for women compared to men in gender-unequal countries might be reflected in differences in their brain structure, and this could be the neural mechanism partly explaining women’s worse outcomes in gender-unequal countries. We examined this through a random-effects meta-analysis on cortical thickness and surface area differences between adult healthy men and women, including a meta-regression in which country-level gender inequality acted as an explanatory variable for the observed differences. A total of 139 samples from 29 different countries, totaling 7,876 MRI scans, were included. Thickness of the right hemisphere, and particularly the right caudal anterior cingulate, right medial orbitofrontal, and left lateral occipital cortex, presented no differences or even thicker regional cortices in women compared to men in gender-equal countries, reversing to thinner cortices in countries with greater gender inequality. These results point to the potentially hazardous effect of gender inequality on women’s brains and provide initial evidence for neuroscience-informed policies for gender equality.
- ItemFrontoparietal connectivity correlates with working memory performance in multiple sclerosis(2020) Figueroa Vargas, Alejandra; Carcamo, Claudia; Henriquez Ch, Rodrigo; Zamorano, Francisco; Ciampi Diaz, Ethel Leslie; Uribe San Martín, Reinaldo; Vásquez, Macarena; Aboitiz, Francisco; Billeke, PabloWorking Memory (WM) impairment is the most common cognitive deficit of patients with Multiple Sclerosis (MS). However, evidence of its neurobiological mechanisms is scarce. Here we recorded electroencephalographic activity of twenty patients with relapsing-remitting MS and minimal cognitive deficit, and 20 healthy control (HC) subjects while they solved a WM task. In spite of similar performance, the HC group demonstrated both a correlation between temporoparietal theta activity and memory load, and a correlation between medial frontal theta activity and successful memory performances. MS patients did not show theses correlations leading significant differences between groups. Moreover, cortical connectivity analyses using granger causality and phase-amplitude coupling between theta and gamma revealed that HC group, but not MS group, presented a load-modulated progression of the frontal-to-parietal connectivity. This connectivity correlated with working memory capacity in MS groups. This early alterations in the oscillatory dynamics underlaying working memory could be useful for plan therapeutic interventions.
- ItemFunctional differences of low- and high-frequency oscillatory dynamics during illusory border perception(ELSEVIER, 2010) Bosman, Conrado A.; Zamorano, Francisco; Aboitiz, FranciscoNeuronal oscillations are an essential part of several brain processes like perception, memory and attention, but little is known about the simultaneous dynamics of different frequency bands in such processes. Here, we studied the low- and high-frequency dynamics of neuronal oscillations in a task that involves covert searching and visual perception of an illusory contour figure (Kanisza square). Subjects were cued to a particular region of the space, and then a matrix of illusory contour inductors appeared. Illusory contour could appear at the cued position, in a different position or not appear at all. We analyze the condition in which an illusory contour appears and those in which the illusory borders do not appear. During the visual perception of the illusory contour, we found a significant increase in a narrow and sustained gamma frequency band (55-65 Hz). We also found a transient increase in the theta band (4-10 Hz), 0.3 s after stimuli onset. This low-frequency power increase correlates strongly with the detection of the illusory contour and it is inversely correlated with the gamma-band response. When illusory contours were absent, a sustained low-frequency response in the same frequency range was present until appearance of the motor response. The intensity of this low-frequency power response was also related to the speed of the motor response. We hypothesize that theta and gamma interact to process different aspects of the task. Gamma would be related to perception of the stimuli, while theta would be involved in search mechanisms or the initiation of a motor response. (C) 2010 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
- ItemIntratask Variability As a Correlate for DRD4 and SLC6A3 Variants : A Pilot Study in ADHD(2015) Henríquez Henríquez, Marcela Patricia; Villarroel del Pino, Luis A.; Henríquez, Hugo; Zamorano, Francisco; Rothhammer, Francisco; Aboitiz, Francisco
- ItemParadoxical Expectation : Oscillatory Brain Activity Reveals Social Interaction Impairment in Schizophrenia(2015) Billeke, Pablo; Armijo, Aalejandra; Castillo, Daniel; López, Tamara; Zamorano, Francisco; Cosmelli, Diego; Aboitiz, Francisco
- ItemTheta and Alpha Oscillation Impairments in Autistic Spectrum Disorder Reflect Working Memory Deficit(2017) Larraín Valenzuela, Josefina; Zamorano, Francisco; Soto Icaza, Patricia; Carrasco, Ximena; Herrera, Claudia; Aboitiz, Francisco; Daiber, Francisca; Billeke, Pablo