Centros UC

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Browsing Centros UC by browse.metadata.categoria "Historia y geografía"

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    Paisajes en Movimiento: Sentidos de Lugar y Prácticas Interculturales en las Ciudades de la Región de La Arauncanía, Chile
    (2017) Salazar Preece, Gonzalo; Fonck, M.; Irarrazaval, F.; CEDEUS (Chile)
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    The Academic SDI-Towards Understanding Spatial Data Infrastructures for Research and Education
    (Springer, 2017) Coetzee, Serena; Steiniger, Stefan; Köbben, Barend; Iwaniak, Adam; Kaczmarek, Iwona; Rapant, Petr; Cooper, Antony; Behr, Franz-Josef; Schoof, Govert; Katumba, Samy; Vatseva, Rumiana; Sinvula, Kisco; Moellering, Harold; CEDEUS (Chile)
    The demand for geospatial data across different disciplines and organisations has led to the development and implementation of spatial data infrastructures (SDI) and the theory and concepts behind them. An SDI is an evolving concept about facilitating and coordinating the exchange of geospatial data and services between stakeholders from different levels in the spatial data community. Universities and other research organisations typically have well-established libraries and digital catalogues for scientific literature, but catalogues for geospatial data are rare. Geospatial data is widely used in research, but geospatial data produced by researchers is seldom available, accessible and usable, e.g., for purposes of teaching or further research after completion of the project. This chapter describes the experiences of a number of SDI implementations at universities and research institutes. Based on this, the Academic SDI, an SDI for research and education, is defined and its stakeholders are described. The purpose, scope and stakeholders of the Academic SDI are described based on the formal model of an SDI developed by the International Cartographic Association (ICA) Commission on SDIs and Standards (formerly the Commission on Geoinformation Infrastructures and Standards). The results contribute to understanding the state-of-the-art in SDI implementations at universities and research institutes; how the Academic SDI differs from a 'regular' SDI; and which role players need to be involved in a successful SDI implementation for research and education.
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    Understanding inland fog and dew dynamics for assessing potential non-rainfall water use in the Atacama
    (2024) Lobos Roco, Felipe Andrés; Suárez Poch, Francisco Ignacio; Aguirre Correa, Francisca; Keim, K.; Aguirre, I.; Vargas Vásquez, Constanza; Abarca, F.; Ramírez Reyes, Carla; Escobar Moragas, Rodrigo; Osses, Pablo; Río López, Camilo del; CEDEUS (Chile)
    In (semi-)arid regions, harvesting fog and dew can become a complementary solution to traditional water supply. In the Atacama region, a territory of key and water-dependent economic activities, both fog and dew are driven by the advection of marine moisture from the Pacific. Still, little is described regarding the dynamics and water potential of these events. In this study, we analyze the spatiotemporal variability of fog and dew in the Atacama Desert to assess the potential of non-rainfall atmospheric water harvesting. Our research strategy combines three methods to achieve a comprehensive understanding of these phenomena: a satellite-spatial analysis of fog and low cloud frequencies; a thermodynamic characterization of the fog cloud vertical structure; and an observational analysis of fog and dew water collection. Our findings reveal that fog is a regular phenomenon in the area, occurring from 3% to 20% of the year. We estimate that fog cloud reaches 50 km inland and up to ∼1100 m ASL, covering a vast territory where it can be harvested. Fog and dew represent 72% and 28% of the total collected atmospheric water (∼0.2 L m−2 day−1). Both fog and dew represent a complementary natural water source with multiple uses for local industries.
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    Wallmapu-Araucanía in flames! An historical political ecology of fire in the domination of southern Chile
    (2024) Escalona Ulloa, Miguel; Barton, Jonathan R.; CEDEUS (Chile)
    The conflict over Wallmapu-Araucanía in southern Chile, between the Spanish conquistadores, the Chilean state and the Mapuche peoples, dates from the 16th century, with a key moment being the forced integration of Mapuche land into the Chilean state in the late nineteenth century. This paper discusses this long period of conflict in three moments: conquest, occupation and liberation, and it focuses on the use of fire as a politico-symbolic and techno-productive tool. A ‘landscapes of power framework’ is used for this historical political ecology analysis, based on texts from the nineteenth century to the present. The conclusions point to the historical importance of the use of fire as a tool not only for physical changes in the landscape, but principally as a tool of political symbolism that relates to a history of conflict of terror and displacement, used by the forces of occupation and resistance.