Otras publicaciones UC

Permanent URI for this community

https://repositorio.uc.cl/handle/11534/9
Esta colección incluye algunas publicaciones de la Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, que son de interés para la comunidad nacional.

Browse

Browsing Otras publicaciones UC by browse.metadata.fuente "SIPA"

Now showing 1 - 5 of 5
  • Thumbnail Image
    Item
    Approximating the Equilibrium Effects of Informed School Choice
    (Institute of Labor Economics (IZA), 2019) Allende, Claudia; Gallego Yañez, Francisco Antonio; Neilson, Christopher
    This paper studies the potential small and large scale effects of a policy designed to produce more informed consumers in the market for primary education. We develop and test a personalized information provision intervention that targets families of public Pre-K students entering elementary schools in Chile. Using a randomized control trial, we find that the intervention shifts parents’ choices toward schools with higher average test scores, higher value added, higher prices, and schools that tend to be further from their homes. Tracking students with administrative data, we find that student academic achievement on test scores was approximately 0.2 standard deviations higher among treated families five years after the intervention. To quantitatively gauge how average treatment effects might vary in a scaled up version of this policy, we embed the randomized control trial within a structural model of school choice and competition where price and quality are chosen endogenously and schools face capacity constraints. We use the estimated model of demand and supply to simulate policy effects under different assumptions about equilibrium constraints. In counterfactual simulations, we find that capacity constraints play an important role mitigating the policy effect but in several scenarios, the supply-side response increases quality, which contributes to an overall positive average treatment effect. Finally, we show how the estimated model can inform the design of a large scale experiment such that reduced form estimates can capture equilibrium effects and spillovers.
  • Thumbnail Image
    Item
    Come Out and Play: Public Space Recovery, Citizen Security, and Social Capital
    (Institute of Labor Economics (IZA), 2023) Matías Braun; Gallego Yañez, Francisco Antonio; Soares, Rodrigo R.
    This paper examines the effects of renovating deteriorated public spaces on local socioeconomic outcomes. We analyze the impacts of a randomized experiment implemented in 28 fragile neighborhoods of Santiago, Chile. Our findings indicate that the renovation of local squares led to increased use and maintenance of the public space, enhanced neighborhood engagement, and a stronger sense of ownership among residents, along with a reduction in leisure activities outside the neighborhood. Moreover, treated neighborhoods experienced improvements in public security perceptions both within the square and in the broader neighborhood area. We also observe positive effects on trust (among acquaintances) and participation in community organizations. By exploring heterogeneous treatment effects across neighborhoods, we do not find evidence supporting theories emphasizing the joint determination of public security and social capital. Instead, our results suggest that the effects are better explained by increased neighborhood use, particularly in areas that are densely populated and have a higher proportion of social housing.
  • Thumbnail Image
    Item
    De TV Educa Chile a una política pública de televisión educativa
    (2021) Condeza, Ana Rayén; Salinas Espinosa, Álvaro; Gálvez Johnson, Myrna; Fernández, Francisco; Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile. Facultad de Comunicaciones; Centro de Estudios de Conflicto y Cohesión Social (COES)
    En este artículo los autores sostienen la importancia y necesidad de contar con una política pública de televisión educativa y avanzan en orientaciones sobre su propósito, la producción de sus contenidos y su relación con los distintos actores involucrados, a partir del estudio de caso de TV Educa Chile, complementado con el análisis de experiencias internacionales de televisión pública, conversaciones con profesionales de TV Educa Chile y con representantes de algunos canales públicos hispanoamericanos de televisión educativa.
  • Thumbnail Image
    Item
    Does Short Term School Tutoring have Medium Term Effects? Experimental Evidence from Chile
    (Instituto de Economía UC, 2021) Cabezas, Verónica; Cuesta, José Ignacio; Gallego Yañez, Francisco Antonio
    This paper explores how short-term tutoring affects educational outcomes in the shortand medium-term. We implemented a randomized experiment of a three-month small group tutoring program in Chile that aimed at improving reading outcomes among fourth graders using college student volunteers. We find small short-term effects on reading outcomes. Using administrative data covering up to eight years after the program ended, we find significant decreases in the probability of dropping out, increases in the probability of timely school progression, and increases in attendance, school grades and test scores. These effects are stronger for students who were ex-ante more likely to drop-out from school. The program effects are stronger for students who established stronger personal connections with the tutors. Our results suggest that tutoring programs may have relevant medium-term effects that go beyond short-term impacts on specific subjects with stronger effects on more at-risk children.
  • Thumbnail Image
    Item
    The Legacy of the Spanish Conquista in the Andes: Beliefs, Social Unrest, and Long-Run Economic Development (joint with Cesar Huaroto).
    (Instituto de Economía UC, 2023) Huaroto, César; Gallego Yañez, Francisco Antonio
    This paper studies the persistent effect on social unrest of the Mining Mita- a colonial forced labor and migration institution that affected indigenous communities in Peru between 1573 to 1811. Using a geographical regression discontinuity design for identification, we provide causal evidence that Mita areas have experienced higher levels of social unrest since the end of the 18th century. We present a simple conceptual rationale with historical and causal evidence indicating that at least part of the roots of such persistence is cultural. Specifically, people living in Mita districts identify more with the indigenous groups and indigenous institutions, are more likely to speak native languages, are less likely to migrate, and have different beliefs about development and democracy.