Browsing by Author "Carre, David"

Now showing 1 - 6 of 6
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    Experience and meaning in qualitative research: A conceptual review and a methodological device proposal
    (2017) Daher Gray, Marianne; Carre, David; Jaramillo, Andrea; Olivares, Himmbler; Tomicic S., Alemka
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    Interpersonal coordination in three-year-old children: Functions, morphology, and temporality
    (2021) Cuadros, Zamara; Carre, David; Hurtado, Esteban; Cornejo, Carlos
    The temporal dimension of interpersonal macro- and micro-coordinations between young children and social partners, as well as its functions, has been well documented. However, the different morphologies that bodily micro-coordination can adopt during these interactions have received considerably less attention. This research studied the temporality and morphology of spontaneous child-adult micro-coordinations and their associated functions. For this purpose, three-year-old children (N = 35) were randomly assigned to storytelling sessions based on emotional or referential stories. Using motion capture technology, we traced rapid and spontaneous coordinations between torso movements, ranging from 0 to 1000 milliseconds. Results show that both mirror-like and anatomical coordinations spontaneously emerge in interactions between 3-year-old children and unfamiliar adults. Importantly, slightly delayed in time, mirror-like coordinations predominantly occur in emotional interactions, while zero-lag, anatomical coordinations occur in referential interactions. These results suggest that these morphologies might indeed inform different functions of coordination, as previously theorized in the literature. The evidence found could contribute to a better understanding of how interpersonal coordination shapes social interaction very early in development.
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    Looking for a broader mindset in psychometrics: the case for more participatory measurement practices
    (2024) Paredes, Javiera; Carre, David
    Psychometrics and the consequences of its use as the method of quantitative empirical psychology has been continuously criticized by both psychologists and psychometrists. However, the scope of the possible solutions to these issues has been mostly focused on the establishment of methodological-statistical best practices for researchers, without any regard to the pitfalls of previous stages of measurement as well as theory development of the targeted phenomenon. Conversely, other researchers advance the idea that, since psychometrics is riddled with many issues, the best way forward is a complete rework of the discipline even if it leaves psychologists and other practitioners without any way to measure quantitatively for a long period of time. Given these tensions, we therefore advocate for an alternative path to consider while we work on making substantive change in measurement. We propose a set of research practices focusing on the inclusion and active participation of groups involved in measurement activities, such as psychometrists, researchers but most importantly practitioners and potential participants. Involving a wider community while measuring in psychology could tackle some key issues that would take us closer to a more authentic approach to our phenomenon of interest.
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    Non-invasive microstructural characterization and in vivo glycemic response of white bread formulated with soluble dietary fiber
    (2024) Torres, Jose D.; Dueik, Veronica; Carre, David; Contardo, Ingrid; Bouchon, Pedro
    The global prevalence of diet-related chronic diseases, such as obesity and type 2 diabetes, has prompted the development of starchy foods with functional ingredients to control starch digestibility and promote health benefits. This study aimed to analyze the effect of a mixture of soluble dietary fibers (SDF) - inulin and methylcellulose - on microstructural changes, in vitro starch digestibility, and in vivo glycemic response of a wheat bread formulation. Quantitative micro-CT image analysis revealed a reduced bread porosity, increased pores with small diameters, and a significant rise in bread structure thickness (p < 0.05), indicating a more homogeneous and compact structure after adding the SDF blend. The addition of the SDF blend led to a reduction in in vitro starch digestibility in the bread. The rapidly available glucose decreased from 31.02 g/100 g to 11.52 g/100 g, and the unavailable glucose fraction increased from 62.81 g/100 g to 80.49 g/100 g in bread + SDF compared to regular bread (p < 0.05). These differences could be attributed to the observed fiber coating over the starchgluten network in these samples, which may act as a physical barrier, impeding starch digestibility. In line with these findings, the SDF blend significantly reduced the postprandial glycemic response of bread by up to 25% compared with Trutol (R) standard commercial glucose (p < 0.05). The new formulation could be classified as an intermediate glycemic food, as glycemic index and glycemic load were 56.43 and 15.11, respectively, which may be helpful for people who want to manage the glucose levels in their daily diets.
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    Scientific realism, or the risks of importing research models into psychology
    (2021) Carre, David
    In "Scientific Realism and the Issue of Variability in Behavior," Arocha (2021) develops an acute critique of "the standard model of current research practice in psychology" (p. 376), sharply dissecting five unwarranted assumptions behind it. To address these issues, the author proposes adopting a nonpositivist philosophical basis for behavioral research: scientific realism. Behind this argumentation, however, it is implied that scientific realism is fit for becoming the metatheoretical framework for psychology because it addresses the shortcomings of the current positivist model. In this commentary, I argue that scientific realism is not fit for becoming that philosophical basis, because it is open to reducing the discipline's subject matter-the human person-to make it fit with models that have been fruitful in other sciences. Three historical examples are presented to show the risks of adopting models from disciplines devoted to explaining other phenomena to tackle the complexity of psychology's subject matter.
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    Spontaneous bodily coordination varies across affective and intellectual child-adult interactions
    (2024) Cornejo, Carlos; Cuadros, Zamara; Carre, David; Hurtado, Esteban; Olivares, Himmbler
    Research on child-adult interactions has identified that the morphology of bodily coordination seems to be sensitive to age and type of interaction. Mirror-like imitation emerges earlier in life and is more common during emotionally laden interactions, while anatomical imitation is acquired later and associated with cognitive tasks. However, it remains unclear whether these morphologies also vary with age and type of interaction during spontaneous coordination. Here we report a motion capture study comparing the spontaneous coordination patterns of thirty-five 3-year-old (20 girls; Mage = 3.15 years) and forty 6-year-old children (20 girls; Mage = 6.13 years) interacting with unacquainted adults during two storytelling sessions. The stories narrated the search of a character for her mother (Predominantly Affective Condition) or an object (Predominantly Intellectual Condition) inside a supermarket. Results show that children of both ages consistently coordinated their spontaneous movements towards adult storytellers, both in symmetric and asymmetric ways. However, symmetric coordination was more prominent in 3-year-old children and during predominantly emotional interactions, whereas asymmetric coordination prevailed in 6-year-old children and during predominantly intellectual interactions. These results add evidence from spontaneous interactions in favor of the hypothesis that symmetric coordination is associated with affective interactions and asymmetric coordination with intellectual ones.