Browsing by Author "Iriarte, Evelyn"

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    Biopsychosocial Factors of Depression Among Hispanic Women Aged ≥50 Years
    (2023) De Oliveira, Giovanna; Cianelli, Rosina; Martinez, Angel J. Solorzano; Villegas, Natalia; Iriarte, Evelyn
    The purpose of the current study was to identify biopsychosocial factors associated with depressive symptoms among Hispanic women aged >= 50 years. Crosssectional data related to 10 biological, psychological, and social factors were analyzed. Center for Epidemiologic Studies Depression Scale scores suggested that 32% of the sample had depressive symptoms. Self-esteem, self-perception of health status, income, and chronic pain had statistically significant associations with depressive symptoms. A logistic regression analysis showed that increasing self-esteem scores were associated with decreases in the likelihood of having depressive symptoms. Findings underscore that depression is associated with biological, psychological, and social factors. Culturally tailored interventions that aim at targeting these factors may have an impact on Hispanic women's depression and overall well-being.
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    Cuidados domiciliarios para personas mayores dependientes: una revisión de alcance
    (2023) Iriarte, Evelyn; Araya, Alejandra-Ximena
    INTRODUCCIÓN: Existe escasa evidencia que indague en los aspectos psicosociales del cuidado, considerando la perspectiva de quienes cuidan a personas mayores (PM) dependientes para diseñar intervenciones idóneas para los cuidadores informales y las PM. OBJETIVO: Sintetizar la evidencia disponible en torno a los cuidados domiciliarios disponibles para PM dependientes con un fuerte énfasis en los cuidadores informales. MATERIALES Y MÉTODOS: Se realizó una búsqueda de artículos publicados en los últimos 10 años (enero 2012 hasta enero 2022) en dos bases de datos revisadas por pares. Se identificaron un total de 116 artículos y 42 artículos fueron revisados. RESULTADOS: Los resultados identificados fueron agrupados en: (1) factores que influyen en la sobrecarga o calidad de vida del cuidador, (2) necesidades de cuidado en la diada, (3) intervenciones o recomendaciones de cuidados para la diada, (4) uso de redes de apoyo al cuidado (informal y formal). CONCLUSIONES: Las implicancias para la práctica clínica de esta revisión implican profundizar en las necesidades sentidas de los cuidadores y conexión con la red de estatal y territorial. Lo anterior impacta directamente en los factores que influyen en la percepción de sobrecarga del cuidador, así como también en su calidad de vida. Investigar el rol del cuidador a través de la generación de evidencia robusta es aún una tarea pendiente.
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    Disparities in Resource Availability, Psychological Intimate Partner Violence, and Depression Among Hispanic Women
    (2023) Baeza, Maria Jose; Cianelli, Rosina; De Oliveira, Giovanna; Villegas, Natalia; De Santis, Joseph P.; Iriarte, Evelyn; Montano, Nilda Peragallo
    This study aims to analyze the relationship between the availability of resources, exposure to psychological intimate partner violence (P-IPV), and depression in Hispanic women in South Florida. This secondary data analysis used cross-sectional baseline data from SEPA (Salud, Educacion, Prevencion y Autocuidado) III. SEPA III was a randomized controlled trial that tested the SEPA intervention with 320 cisgender, sexually active Hispanic women. Descriptive analysis, logistic, and multiple regressions were conducted. Lower sexual relationship power and attending religious services were associated with higher odds of P-IPV. Reporting a history of P-IPV in the last 3 months predicted depression scores and higher depression scores were associated with higher odds of experiencing P-IPV. Participants with higher depressive scores reported less education, increased emergency room utilization, and less sexual relationship power. P-IPV is highly prevalent among Hispanic women living in South Florida. The availability of personal and community resources can buffer the risk of P-IPV and its mental health consequences. Nurses can strengthen women's resources to prevent Hispanic women from exposure to P-IPV.
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    Factors Associated With Psychosocial Illness Impact Among Black/African American and Hispanic Older Women Living With HIV
    (2024) Iriarte, Evelyn; Cianelli, Rosina; Villegas, Natalia; De Oliveira, Giovanna; Toledo, Christine; Smith, Lindsay; Castro, Jose Guillermo
    BACKGROUND: In 2018, one in six newly diagnosed individuals with HIV in the United States were adults aged 50 years and older, 24% were women, and 60% were Black/African American and Hispanic (42% and 18%, respectively). OBJECTIVES: This study aims to examine the factors associated with HIV psychosocial illness impact among Black/ African American and Hispanic older women living with HIV. METHOD: Guided by the socioecological model, a secondary data analysis design with cross-sectional data that included 138 Black/African American and Hispanic women aged 50 years and older was conducted. RESULTS: Higher levels of avoidant coping, depressive symptoms, negative self-perception of health, and decreased social support were significant factors associated with HIV psychosocial illness impact among this sample. CONCLUSIONS: Findings from this study can contribute to identifying solutions to prevent and decrease these negative factors associated with HIV psychosocial illness impact among Black/African American and Hispanic older women.
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    Factors Related to Multidimensional Frailty Among Hispanic People Living With HIV Aged 50 Years and Above: A Cross-sectional Study
    (2023) Iriarte, Evelyn; Cianelli, Rosina; De Santis, Joseph P.; Alamian, Arsham; Castro, Jose Guillermo; Matsuda, Yui; Araya, Alejandra-Ximena
    Among Hispanics, frailty has been extensively studied as a physical syndrome associated with an increased risk for adverse outcomes. Because of additional barriers to accessing care, the impact of frailty may be even more significant for people living with HIV (PLWH). Multidimensional frailty among Hispanic PLWH has not been studied. This study aimed to examine the factors related to multidimensional frailty among Hispanic PLWH aged 50 years and above. A cross-sectional design with 120 participants was used. Hypothesized factors related to multidimensional frailty were sociodemographic and psychosocial variables. Multidimensional frailty was measured with the Tilburg Frailty Indicator. We found that 45.83% of the participants were frail (n = 55), and multidimensional frailty was significantly associated with higher depressive symptoms (b = .26, p < .001) and a higher number of comorbidities (b = .71, p < .001). This study identified factors that clinicians should be aware of when caring for Hispanic PLWH to prevent or manage frailty-related complications.
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    Factors Related to the Need for Informal Care Among Community-Dwelling Older Adults in Chile
    (2024) Araya, Alejandra-Ximena; Iriarte, Evelyn; De Oliveira, Giovanna; Baeza, Maria Jose; Jankowski, Catherine
    PURPOSE: To identify factors contributing to the need for informal care among community -dwelling older adults with functional impairment in Chile. METHOD: A secondary data analysis was conducted using cross-sectional data from 540 Chilean older adults aged >= 60 years (mean age = 72.2 years, SD = 6.22 years). RESULTS: Informal care need was reported by 24.3% (n = 131) of participants. Among the variables that most influenced the need for informal care among older adults were hospitalization in the past 1 year, functionality, comorbidities, and multidimensional frailty (all p < 0.05). CONCLUSION: This study identified factors that clinicians and nurses should be aware of when caring for this population to prevent or manage the need for informal care.
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    Fear of Falling among Community-dwelling Sedentary and Active Older People
    (2021) Araya, Alejandra-Ximena; Iriarte, Evelyn
    Objective. The study sought to compare communitydwelling older people with respect to their level of physical activity and to the fear of falls between a group of sedentary elderly and a group of active elderly. Methods. Cross-sectional descriptive study carried out with 113 community-dwelling older people (45 sedentary and 48 active), users of an outpatient care center of the private health system with a geriatric program in Santiago, Chile. The study measured socio-demographic variables, state of health, comprehensive geriatric assessment, exercise, depression with the Yesavage scale, and fear of falling with the Short Falls Efficacy Scale - International (Short FES-I). Results. Sedentary older people have significantly higher scores in the Yesavage depression scale compared with active older people (4.2 versus 0.8). No statistically significant differences were found when comparing both groups of sedentary and active participants in terms of socio-demographic variables along with health, and functional and cognitive capacity. Regarding the fear of falling, the sedentary had a slightly higher score than the active (12 versus 11), although not significant. Conclusion. This study showed that fear of falling was equal in sedentary and active older people who live in the community, although it was found that sedentary individuals had a higher risk of having a positive screening for geriatric depression in those participants who do not perform physical activity.
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    Feasibility and acceptability of SEPA plus PrEP: An HIV prevention intervention to increase PrEP knowledge, initiation, and persistence among cisgender heterosexual Hispanic women
    (2024) Cianelli, Rosina; De Santis, Joseph P.; De Oliveira, Giovanna C.; Castro, Jose G.; Iriarte, Evelyn; Baeza, Maria Jose; Thomas, Sophia O.; Villegas, Natalia; Peragallo-Montano, Nilda
    The HIV epidemic disproportionately affects Hispanics in the U.S., with Hispanic women (HW) accounting for 18% of new HIV diagnoses in 2019 despite comprising only 16% of the female population. The imbalance of power related to cultural values and HW's lack of knowledge and low perception of risk for HIV interferes with prevention efforts (e.g., condom use, HIV testing, and Pre-Exposure Prophylaxis [PrEP]). It is estimated that in 2019, only 10% of women in the U.S. who could benefit from PrEP were given prescriptions for it. This number is estimated to be significantly lower among HW. PrEP is highly effective for preventing HIV, reducing the risk of acquiring HIV from sexual activity by about 99%. To respond to this need, we developed SEPA+PrEP, a biobehavioral HIV prevention intervention that adapted and integrated SEPA (Salud/Health, Educacion/Education, Prevencion/Prevention, Autocuidado/Self-Care), an empirically validated behavioral HIV prevention intervention, with the evidence-based biomedical strategy of PrEP. This study aimed to investigate the feasibility and acceptability of SEPA+PrEP among cisgender heterosexual Hispanic women (HW). We used a mixed methods approach to gather data from 44 HW living in the City of Homestead and its surrounding communities in Miami-Dade County, Florida. None of the participants knew about PrEP prior to participating in the study, and the majority (70.5%, n = 23) had not used condoms when engaging in vaginal sex during the previous three months. Overall, study results suggest that SEPA+PrEP is an acceptable and feasible intervention to prevent HIV among HW, with a focus on PrEP knowledge, initiation, and maintenance.
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    Frailty in the Context of Older People Living With HIV A Concept Analysis
    (2021) Iriarte, Evelyn; Cianelli, Rosina; De santis, Joseph
    Despite advances in knowledge about older people living with HIV infection (PLWH), frailty remains a challenge to HIV care. Numerous studies have documented its impact; however, the concept remains unclear. Concept exploration of frailty in the context of older PLWH was conducted to provide a comprehensive understanding of the concept based on the Walker and Avant method. After the literature review, a concept analysis and a definition of frailty among older PLWH emerged. Implications for further practice, education, public policy, and research are presented to use the concept consistently, develop interventions to prevent frailty, and improve health outcomes.
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    Hispanic Mother-Daughter Communication about the Risks of Sex, Drugs, and Alcohol: Influences and the Strategies Mothers Use
    (2021) Matsuda, Yui; DeBastiani, Summer D.; Thalasinos, Roxana D.; Ferranti, Dina; De Santis, Joseph P.; Iriarte, Evelyn; Norris, Anne E.
    Purpose: U.S. Hispanic adolescents are at risk for negative health outcomes due to risk-taking behaviors involving sex, drugs, and alcohol. Mother-daughter communication can reduce these risk-taking behaviors and reinforce parents' expectations. The purpose of this study was to explore mothers' descriptions of their communication about risk-taking behaviors with their early adolescent Hispanic daughters.
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    Multidimensional frailty, quality of life and self-management in aging Hispanics living with HIV
    (2024) Iriarte, Evelyn; Cianelli, Rosina; De Santis, Joseph P.; Alamian, Arsham; Castro, Jose G.; Matsuda, Yui; Araya, Alejandra-Ximena
    An observational cross-sectional study was conducted to examine multidimensional frailty and its potential impact on quality of life (QOL) in aging Hispanic people living with HIV (PLWH) and assess the extent to which HIV self-management moderates this association. The sample included 120 Hispanic PLWH aged 50 years and older (M = 59.11; SD = 7.04). The structural equation modeling analyses demonstrated that multidimensional frailty was significantly related to QOL in its two dimensions, physical and mental (p < .001). The relationship between multidimensional frailty and mental and physical QOL remained significant even after controlling for confounders (age and gender). The moderator analyses indicated no statistically significant moderator effect of HIV self-management on multidimensional frailty and mental or physical QOL. These study results have practical implications that highlight the need for early screening for frailty with a multidimensional focus. Age-appropriate and culturally tailored interventions to prevent or mitigate multidimensional frailty may improve QOL.
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    Multilevel Self-Management in Nursing Research: An Approach to Decrease Health Disparities in Chronic Diseases
    (2023) Iriarte, Evelyn; Cianelli, Rosina; Fernandez-Pineda, Madeline
    Objective. To discuss multilevel self-management intervention research in nursing to decrease health disparities among people living with chronic diseases. Content synthesis. Multilevel interventions have become the core of nursing research in the last decade. However, a critical limitation of existing interventions targeting health disparities among those living with chronic diseases is the tendency to address single or individual-level factors solely. Conclusions. Nursing research is creating knowledge that may be translated into clinical practice and promoting evidence-based and innovative self-management practices to decrease health disparities and promote health equity among people living with chronic diseases.
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    Preferred HPV and HPV vaccine learning methods to guide future HPV prevention interventions among rural Hispanics
    (2021) Fernandez-Pineda, Madeline; Cianelli, Rosina; Villegas, Natalia; Matsuda, Yui; Iriarte, Evelyn; Fernandez, Melanie; Montano, Nilda Peragallo
    Purpose: HPV vaccination among United States's rural Hispanic youth is suboptimal to the Healthy People 2030 goal. Rural Hispanic parents' HPV vaccine (HPVV) perceptions have influenced these low rates. Furthermore, few effective interventions for increasing HPV vaccination among rural Hispanic populations exist. This study aimed to determine rural Hispanic parent's preferred HPV and HPVV learning methods to guide future HPV prevention interventions. Design and methods: A descriptive qualitative design was used. A total of 23 rural Hispanic parents from South Florida participated in four focus groups. Conventional content analysis was used to analyze the transcripts. Results: Three overcharging themes were identified: 1) Learning method preferences for parents, 2) Learning method preferences for youth, and 3) Learning method preferences for families. Sub-themes included participants' preferences on their interest for an intervention, target audiences, teaching methods, availability of community members, intervention facilitators, and content. Conclusions: Addressing HPV vaccination by developing culturally tailored programs for rural Hispanic parents is urgently needed to prevent HPV and HPV-related cancers among this disproportionately affected population. Findings highlight essential elements that should be considered when designing an intervention for increasing HPV vaccination among Hispanics in rural settings. Practice implications: Pediatric nurses must offer culturally appropriate HPVV education and literature and proactively recommend the HPVV at every opportunity. Pediatric nurses can administer the HPVV at schools and community health fairs while clinics can play educational clips in waiting and examination rooms. (c) 2021 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.
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    Providing Care During the COVID-19 Pandemic: The Experience of Formal Caregivers in Long-Term Care Facilities in Chile
    (2023) Araya, Alejandra-Ximena; Palacios, Josefa; Oyanedel, Francisca; Iriarte, Evelyn
    The current study aimed to identify the main challenges to formal caregivers from different long-term care facilities (LTCFs) that care for older adults (aged >= 60 years) in Chile during the coronavirus disease 2019 pandemic. Chile's national LTCF gov-erning body (SENAMA) sent a survey to 1,190 LTCFs, receiving 996 responses. LTCF characteristics were number of residents, certification with SENAMA, licensure, geographic zone, and poverty level. Four dimensions were assessed: (a) concerns, (b) challenges, (c) needs, and (d) opportunities for improvement. The majority of respondents replied negatively to these four dimensions. Among those who re-sponded positively, the fear of infecting a loved one, staff shortages and overwork, the need for access to psychological support, and improving payments were among formal caregivers' primary concerns. Targeting supportive interventions for formal caregivers, clinically and psychologically, is essential to preserve caregivers' health. [Journal of Gerontological Nursing, 49(5), 39-44.]
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    Understanding the student's experience of community health nursing simulations
    (2023) Matsuda, Yui; Prather, Susan L.; Reaves, Regine P.; McEwing, Evan M.; Iriarte, Evelyn; Everett-Thomas, Ruth
    Objectives: The purpose of this study was to explore nursing students' experiences after completing community health nursing simulation encounters.Methods: The study used a descriptive qualitative design. Through conventional content analysis, the research team analyzed the experiences of 73 nursing students after participating in community health nursing simulation encounters. The data come from nursing students' responses to three post-simulation qualitative questions.Results: Nursing students identified both positive aspects (simulation as a great learning method, useful in understanding community health nurses' roles, faculty's role in facilitating an effective learning environment) and opportunities for improvement (needing for clear objectives, expectations, and roles).Conclusions: Community health nursing simulation encounters can be a powerful educational method to help students experience and understand the roles of community health nurses.Implications for international audienceAugmentation of the pre-brief component will further improve students' simulation experiences.