Browsing by Author "Olivares Osorio, Patricia Carolina"

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    Comentarios al proyecto de ley “Muerte digna y cuidados paliativos”
    (2021) Valera, Luca; Ramos Vergara, Paulina; Pérez Hernández, Iván Modesto; Olivares Osorio, Patricia Carolina; Florenzano, Alejandra; Carrasco, Alejandra; Barrientos Zamorano, Marcelo Heriberto; Godoy F., Jaime
    The Chilean House of Representatives is discussing the bill on “Dignified death and palliative care”, which regulates the so-called medical assistance in dying or euthanasia. This paper will critically analyze the different aspects of the bill, particularly concerning four main dimensions, namely, the patient's condition at the time of requesting euthanasia; the doctor-patient relationship and respect for the autonomy of both parties; the idea of medicine involved in it; and the possible therapeutic alternatives to euthanasia. This critical analysis raises the need to discuss in more depth a project that has to do with such important decisions about our lives and that implies a radical change in the way of thinking and practicing medicine.
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    ¿Están preparados los residentes e internos para enseñar?: percepción de estudiantes de medicina de pre y postgrado
    (Sociedad Médica Santiago, 2010) Reyes Abarca, Carlos Patricio; Zuñiga Parada, Denisse Alejandra; Wright Navarrete, Ana Cecilia; Olivares Osorio, Patricia Carolina; Toro Cabrera, Luis Alejandro; Aravena León, Carlos Andrés; Vergara Gutiérrez, Luis Roberto
    Background: Every doctor is expected to be competent in teaching. There are few initiatives to prepare medical students for this role. Aim: To explore residents (graduate students) and interns (final year undergraduate students) perceptions of the importance of acquiring teaching skills and how prepared they feel to meet this role. To, determine the importance that undergraduate students give to such teaching. Material and Methods: Residents and interns participated in focus groups, and completed the Medical Education Readiness Questionnaire (METRQ), 5(th) year medical students were also invited to complete it. Results: Three hundred and seventy seven subjects answered the questionnaire. The perceived importance of having teaching skills was 6.1 +/- 1.2 among residents and 5.7 +/- 1.6 among interns, in a scale 1 to 7. Their perception of their own preparation for teaching was 4.3 +/- 1.6 for both groups in the same scale. Students evaluated the preparation of the residents for teaching as 5.2 +/- 1.6 and that of the interns as 4.4 +/- 1.7. Seventy eight percent of 5(th) year medical students reported to learn more than 2.5 hours a week from residents. Fifty nine percent of residents and 66% of interns reported to teach tip to 2.5 hours per week to the same students. focus groups participants agreed that teaching is an important role for a physician, and that to do it properly requires personal characteristics, along with teaching skills. They also found that the best opportunties to learn how to teach are during practical training. Conclusions. Our Study contributes to the recognition of the teaching role of physicians and the need for teaching training among medical students.
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    Frecuencia y pesquisa de síntomas en pacientes crónicos en fases avanzadas en un hospital clínico. ¿Existe concordancia entre pacientes y médicos?
    (2008) Palma Behnke, María Alejandra; Del Río Silva, María Ignacia; Bonati, Pilar; Tupper Satt, Laura; Villarroel del Pino, Luis A.; Olivares Osorio, Patricia Carolina; Nervi, Flavio
    Background: Physicians tend to over or underestimate symptoms reported by patients. Therefore standardized symptom scoring systems have been proposed to overcome this drawback. Aim: To estimate the prevalence and the diagnostic accuracy of physical and psychological symptoms and delirium in patients admitted to an internal medicine service at a university hospital. Material and Methods: We studied 58 patients, 45 with metastasic cancer and 13 with other advanced chronic diseases. The following scales were used: the Confusion Assessment Method for the diagnosis of delirium; the Edmonton Symptom Assessment Scale (ESAS) for pain and other physical symptoms; the Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale to assess anxiety and depression. The ESAS was simultaneously applied to patients without delirium and their doctors to assess the level of diagnostic concordance. Results: Twenty two percent of patients had delirium. Among the 45 patients without delirium, 11 (25%) had at least eight symptoms and 39 (88.6%) had four symptoms. The prevalence of symptoms was very high, ranging from 22 to 78%. Pain, restlesness, anorexia and sleep disorders were the most common. The concordance between symptoms reported by patients and those recorded by doctor was very low, with a Kappa index between 0.001 and 0.334. Conclusions: In our sample of chronic patients, there is a very high frequency of psychological and physical symptoms that are insufficiently recorded by the medical team.
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    Morir en pandemia: Experiencias de familiares de pacientes fallecidos durante la pandemia COVID-19 en Chile
    (2024) Olivares Osorio, Patricia Carolina; Lermanda Muñoz, Victoria Magdalena; Bedregal, Paula; Neumann Burotto, Gonzalo Ignacio; Lavín, Álvaro; Márquez, Joaquín; Muñoz, Susana
    La pandemia COVID-19 marcó un hito en la historia de la medicina a nivel mundial. Junto con el drama humanitario que significó, los problemas que se suscitaron están empujando líneas de investigación en múltiples campos; uno de ellos son los aspectos relacionados a la comunicación y al fin de la vida. En este trabajo se reportan las experiencias y percepciones de familiares de pacientes fallecidos durante la pandemia con relación a una intervención de apoyo psicoespiritual realizada en un hospital público de la Región Metropolitana denominada "despedida". Se realizó un estudio cualitativo con enfoque fenomenológico en base a entrevistas en profundidad. A partir de ello se derivaron categorías que permitieron una sistematización de la observación de las experiencias. Dentro de los resultados cabe destacar el impacto que tienen sobre el duelo, las circunstancias y la comunicación que provee el equipo médico. El uso de la palabra "despedida" emerge como una herramienta comunicativa útil, aunque ambigua, a la hora de encuadrar adecuadamente un proceso de fin de vida. Como conclusión, se sostiene que el final de la vida es un ámbito que requiere espacios físicos, psicoespirituales y formación adecuada en todos los niveles para hacer justicia a un momento extremadamente relevante del cuidado de las personas.